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All Journal INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL AND FORENSIC SCIENCES Jurnal Forensik dan Medikolegal Indonesia
Afid Brilliana Putra
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology

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Meluruskan Kesalahpahaman Matematika pada Rasio Casper’s Dictum Afid Brilliana Putra; Ihya Fakhrurizal Amin; Muhammad Fauzan; Oktavinda Safitry
Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS) Vol 12 No 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences
Publisher : Penerbit, sejak 2012 : Asosiasi Ilmu Forensik Indonesia dan UPT Lab. Forensik Sain dan Kriminilogi - Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJLFS.2022.v12.i01.p01

Abstract

Berdasarkan tanatologi, tubuh yang telah mati akan mengalami perubahan. Salah satunya adalah melalui proses penguraian (decomposition). Proses dekomposisi dapat bervariasi antar individu dan antar lingkungan. Terdapat old rule-of-thumb yang menyebutkan pembusukan di udara dua kali lebih cepat daripada di air, dan delapan kali lebih cepat daripada di tanah. Beberapa referensi mencoba menuliskan prinsip tersebut dalam rasio kecepatan pembusukan di tanah:air:udara adalah 1:2:8. Meskipun sama-sama disandarkan pada bunyi Casper’s dictum, terdapat perbedaan perbandingan rasio antara “durasi pembusukan” dan “laju pembusukan”. Oleh karena itu, tinjauan ini dibuat untuk menemukan pernyataan asli dari Casper’s dictum sebagai sumber rujukan rasio dan menjelaskan letak kesalahpahaman rasio perhitungan matematika berdasarkan pernyataan asli tersebut. Dari hasil penelusuran dan analisis didapatkan “durasi pembusukan” memiliki rasio 1:2:8 (udara:air:tanah). Sementara itu, “laju pembusukan” ternyata memiliki rasio yang belum pernah disebutkan dalam berbagai buku teks, yaitu 1:4:8 (tanah:air:udara).
Homicide by Hanging: a Comprehensive Review of Published Literature Oktavinda Safitry; Afid Brilliana Putra; Jatmiko Gustinanda; Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi
Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS) Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences
Publisher : Penerbit, sejak 2012 : Asosiasi Ilmu Forensik Indonesia dan UPT Lab. Forensik Sain dan Kriminilogi - Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJLFS.2023.v13.i01.p01

Abstract

Homicide by hanging is a rare incident and, in contrast to suicidal hanging cases, only limited number of homicidal hanging cases have been reported. This comprehensive review is conducted to summarize the published forensic pathology evidence in homicide by hanging. A systematic search in five journal databases resulted in 12 case reports. All articles passed the selection criteria and were appraised using JBI critical appraisal worksheet for case reports. Fourteen victims were reported which in most of the cases psychosocial background were reported. Household conflict was the common background. Reef knot was the majority knot being used. The autopsy findings vary in the studies, some of which reported intact larynx, thyroid, and hyoid cartilage. Only one case mentioned thyroid cartilage fracture. In addition to the ligature mark, other violence findings include bruises, abrasions, stab wounds, and sexual violence. Toxicological analysis was limited, only 3 case reports reported alcohol in the victim’s serum. There are no distinguishing features in the external or internal neck injuries attributable to homicidal hanging. A thorough autopsy and holistic approach should be considered. They are including demographic characteristics, location of the victim, social and psychiatric history, ligature’s characteristic, signs of violence and toxicological analysis.
Memperkirakan saat Kematian (Postmortem Interval) Menggunakan Temuan Mikrobiom pada Setiap Tahap-Tahap Penguraian (Decomposition) Afid Brilliana Putra; Ihya Fakhrurizal Amin; Rizky Dini Fitriyasa; Najma Najma; Oktavinda Safitry
Jurnal Forensik dan Medikolegal Indonesia Vol 2 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Forensik dan Medikolegal Indonesia
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/jfmi.v2i1.3829

Abstract

Microorganisms play an important role in the process of corpse decomposition. The corpse's decomposition can indicate time since death or postmortem interval (PMI). Bacterial decomposition plays an important role in determining the time since death and has a significant impact on forensic investigations. Therefore, it is necessary to know the type of microbiome that appears at each stage of decomposition. Literature searching was conducted online and was carried out through 4 journal databases, including PubMed, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and Cochrane. The literature is selected based on inclusion & exclusion criteria, then critically appraised using criteria from the University of Oxford's Center for Evidence-Based Medicine. Based on the results, obtained a systematic review, two prospective cohorts, and a cross-sectional study with good validity, importance and applicability. The study showed a relationship between time since death/PMI and colonization of certain bacteria, which may be related to alteration of oxygen levels. Facultative anaerobic bacteria appear in early stage of decomposition and shift into obligate anaerobic bacteria in the final stage of decomposition. The presence of certain types of microbiome can determine duration of decomposition and PMI objectively and quantitatively.
Co-Authors Ihya Fakhrurizal Amin Jatmiko Gustinanda Muhammad Fauzan Muhammad Ilham Dhiya Rakasiwi Najma Najma Oktavinda Safitry Oktavinda Safitry Rizky Dini Fitriyasa