Articles
<![CDATA[Investigation of Electrochemical and Morphological Properties of Mixed Matrix Polysulfone-Silica Anion Exchange Membrane ]]>
<![CDATA[Khoiruddin Khoiruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 48 No. 1 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.1.1
<![CDATA[Mixed matrix anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were synthesized using dry-wet phase inversion. The casting solutions were prepared by dispersing finely ground anion-exchange resin particles in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solutions of polysulfone (PSf). Subsequently, nanosilica particles were introduced into the membranes. The results show that evaporation time (tev) and solution composition contributed to membrane properties formation. A longer tev produces membranes with reduced void fraction inside the membranes, thus the amount of water adsorbed and membrane conductivity are reduced. Meanwhile, the permselectivity was improved by increasing tev, since a longer tev produces membranes with a narrower channel for ion migration and more effective Donnan exclusion. The incorporation of 0.5 %-wt nanosilica particles into the polymer matrix led to conductivity improvement (from 2.27 to 3.41 mS.cm-1). This may be associated with additional pathway formation by hydroxyl groups on the silica surface that entraps water and assists ion migration. However, at further silica loading (1.0 and 1.5 %-wt), these properties decreased (to 1.9 and 1.4 mS.cm-1 respectively), which attributed to inaccessibility of ion-exchange functional groups due to membrane compactness. It was found from the results that nanosilica contributes to membrane formation (increases casting solution viscosity then reduces void fraction) and membrane functional group addition (provides hydroxyl groups).]]>
<![CDATA[The Influence of PEG400 and Acetone on Polysulfone Membrane Morphology and Fouling Behaviour ]]>
<![CDATA[P.T.P. Aryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Shelli R. Joscarita]]>;
<![CDATA[Anita K. Wardani]]>;
<![CDATA[S. Subagjo]]>;
<![CDATA[Danu Ariono]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.2.1
<![CDATA[Modification of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane was conducted by blending polysulfone with PEG400 and acetone as additives. The influence of each additive on the resulted membrane morphology and fouling characteristics were investigated. The experimental results showed that the hydrophilicity of the polysulfone membrane was improved by the increase of PEG400 in the polysulfone membrane. The water contact angle of the membrane was decreased from 76.1° to 38.31° when 35 %wt of PEG400 was added into the polysulfone solution, while the water content of the membrane was increased by around 38%. The high concentration of PEG400 in the polysulfone solution led to the formation of longer finger-like cavities in the membrane structure and resulted in a thicker membrane skin layer. The high concentration of PEG400 also contributed to the increase in hydraulic resistance of the membrane due to organic matter fouling. This problem could be minimized by the addition of acetone into the polysulfone solution, which resulted in a lower fouling resistance of organic matter during up to five hours of peat water filtration.]]>
<![CDATA[Brine Effluents: Characteristics, Environmental Impacts, and Their Handling ]]>
<![CDATA[Danu Ariono]]>;
<![CDATA[Mubiar Purwasasmita]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 48 No. 4 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.4.1
<![CDATA[Brine discharge is one of the largest sources of wastewater from industrial processes. Because of the environmental impacts arising from improper treatment of brine discharge and more rigorous regulations of pollution control, industries have started to focus on waste minimization and improving the process of wastewater treatment. Several approaches have been proposed to provide a strategy for brine handling by recovering both brine and water or to remove pollutant components so it complies with environmental regulations when discharged. One of the most promising alternatives to brine disposal is reusing the brine, which results in reduction of pollution, minimizing waste volume and salt recovery. The brine may also contain valuable components that could be recovered for profitable use. Also, water recovery from brine effluent is generally performed to save water. In the case of rejected brine from desalination plants, water recovery from higher brine concentrations has huge potential for salt production. This paper gives an overview of different types of brine effluents, their sources and characteristics. Also discussed are impacts of brine on the environment and management options related to their characteristics.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Protein Separation Mechanism in Charged Ultrafiltration Membrane ]]>
<![CDATA[Danu Ariono]]>;
<![CDATA[Putu Teta P. Aryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Anita Kusuma Wardani]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 50 No. 2 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.2.4
<![CDATA[The separation mechanism of proteins on a charged ultrafiltration membrane was analyzed using the extended Nernst"“Planck (N-P) model. The model was solved numerically based on experimental data during ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin/BSA and hemoglobin at various pH (between 5 and 8) to obtain the flux parameter (Jv). The flux parameter was used to determine the effective charge of the membrane (f) and the actual membrane porosity (Ak). These two parameters were then used to predict the transport mechanism of proteins through the charged membrane. Higher flux was obtained during the ultrafiltration of BSA compared to hemoglobin. The most effective separation of mixed proteins occurred at pH 5 (aalbumin= 5). In addition, the mobility of a single protein was lower than when it was mixed with other proteins that had different charges. The effective charges of the membranes were varied between 0.99996 to 1.0000, which means that the fixed charge on the membrane structure was higher than the concentration of proteins, thus the effective charge of the membrane was not influenced by the presence of protein charge at various pH. On the contrary, the value of Ak was influenced by the type and charge of the proteins. A decrease of negative charge along with an increase of solution pH increased the porosity of the membrane, thus reducing the rejection of proteins.]]>
<![CDATA[Impurity Removal of Waste Cooking Oil Using Hydrophobic Polypropylene Hollow Fiber Membrane ]]>
<![CDATA[Lienda Aliwarga]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyo Widodo]]>;
<![CDATA[Novika Suwardana]]>;
<![CDATA[Hanna Darmawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Khoiruddin Khoiruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 51 No. 2 (2019) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.2.5
<![CDATA[Removal of impurities from cooking oil is an important step in providing the possibility of WCO reuse to extend the life cycle of cooking oil, leading to a reduction of WCO disposal. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of a polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for removal of impurities from WCO. The results showed that the membrane could remove water content up to 95% (at 0.1 MPa and 30 °C), but the color improvement was only 9.5% as indicated by the absorbance reduction. Within the range of the operation conditions (i.e. a trans-membrane pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa and a temperature of 30-50 °C), the oil flux varied from 0.3 L.m"‘2.h"‘1 to 1.3 L.m-2.h-1. In long-term operation, the membrane wettability was improved as shown by the oil contact angle decreasing from 28.2 ± 1.5° to 14.4 ± 0.5°. This resulted in a higher oil flux. At the same time, the hydrophobicity was also increased, as indicated by an increase in the water contact angle from 95.4 ± 0.7° to 97.3 ± 1.1°.]]>
<![CDATA[Long-Term Performance of a Pilot Scale Combined Chemical Precipitation-Ultrafiltration Technique for Waste Brine Regeneration at Chevron Steam Flooding Plant ]]>
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>;
<![CDATA[Khoiruddin Khoiruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Nurul Hakim]]>;
<![CDATA[Putu T.P. Aryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Nengsi Rova]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 52 No. 4 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2020.52.4.4
<![CDATA[In this work, chemical precipitation-ultrafiltration (UF) was applied for waste brine regeneration from a steam flooding plant at Duri Field, Chevron. A mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate solution was used as chemical agent. A polypropylene (PP) UF membrane was used to remove precipitate formed in the chemical precipitation. It was found that the combined process could be used to regenerate waste brine, removing up to 100% (±0.1) of calcium and up to 99.6% (±0.3) of magnesium. High hardness removal was achieved when the chemical dosage was 1.3 to 1.7 mole of chemical/mole of hardness. Rapid permeability decline was observed in the UF membrane due to the high turbidity and TSS values of the chemically treated waste brine. Backwash with an acid solution could recover the UF membrane's permeability effectively. However, pH adjustment is needed due to the high pH value of the UF permeate (up to ~12).]]>
<![CDATA[Membrane Oxygenator for Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation ]]>
<![CDATA[Enny Ratnaningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Putu T.P. Aryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurul F. Himma]]>;
<![CDATA[Anita K. Wardani]]>;
<![CDATA[K. Khoiruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Grandprix T.M. Kadja]]>;
<![CDATA[Nicholaus Prasetya]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 5 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.5.2
<![CDATA[Extracorporeal blood oxygenation has become an alternative to supply O2 and remove CO2 from the bloodstream, especially when mechanical ventilation provides insufficient oxygenation. The use of a membrane oxygenator offers the advantage of lower airway pressure than a mechanical ventilator to deliver oxygen to the patient’s blood. However, research and development are still needed to find appropriate membrane materials, module configuration, and to optimize hydrodynamic conditions for achieving high efficient gas transfer and excellent biocompatibility of the membrane oxygenator. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the basic principle of the membrane oxygenator and its development. It also discusses the role and challenges in the use of membrane oxygenators for extracorporeal oxygenation on respiratory and cardiac failure patients.]]>
<![CDATA[COMBINATION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS AND ELECTRODEIONIZATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS SUGAR RECOVERY AND SALTS REMOVAL FROM SUGARY WASTEWATER ]]>
<![CDATA[I.N. Widiasa]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Reaktor Volume 11, Nomor 2, Desember 2007 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.11.2.91-97
<![CDATA[An integrated membrane system combining reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodeionization (EDI) is used for simultaneous sugar concentration and salts removal from a synthetic dilute sugar solution as a model of sugar-containing wastewater. The RO system uses a thin film composite RO membrane (Saehan CSM, RE1812-60). Meanwhile, the EDI stack has two diluted compartments, one concentrated compartment, one anode compartment, and one cathode compartment. Commercially available cation exchange membrane (MC-3470) and anion exchange membrane (MA-3475) are used as ionic selective barriers of the EDI stack. Both diluate and concentrate compartments are filled with mixed ion exchange resins (purolite strong acid cation exchange, C-100E and strong base type I anion resins, A-400). Two different operation modes, i.e. RO-EDI and EDI-RO, were assessed. The experimental results show that the observed sugar rejection of RO membrane is more than 99.9% and there is no sugar loss in the EDI stack. This indicates that the hybrid process allows almost total sugar recovery. In addition, significant reduction of salts content from the concentrated sugar solution is obtained. From permeate flux and permeate purity points of view, however, the EDI-RO configuration seems superior to the RO-EDI configuration. It should be emphasized that scale formation on the membrane surface of the concentrate compartment side has to be controlled.]]>
<![CDATA[PERFORMANCE OF NEWLY CONFIGURED SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR FOR AEROBIC INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT ]]>
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 3, Juni 2009 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.12.3.137 – 145
<![CDATA[The application of membrane to replace secondary clarifier of conventional activated sludge, known as membrane bioreactor, has led to a small footprint size of treatment with excellent effluent quality. The use of MBR eliminates almost all disadvantages encountered in conventional wastewater treatment plant such as low biomass concentration and washout of fine suspended solids. However, fouling remains as a main drawback. To minimize membrane fouling, a new configuration of submerged membrane bioreactor for aerobic industrial wastewater treatment has been developed. For the new configuration, a bed of porous particle is applied to cover the submerged ends-free mounted ultrafiltration membrane. Membrane performance was assessed based on flux productivity and selectivity. By using tapioca wastewater containing high organic matter as feed solution, reasonably high and stable fluxes around 11 l/m2.h were achieved with COD removal efficiency of more than 99%. The fouling analysis also shows that the newly configured ends-free membrane bioreactor exhibits lower irreversible resistance compared with the submerged one. In addition, the performance of pilot scale system, using a membrane module with 10 m2 effective area and reactor tank with 120 L volume, was also assessed. The flux achieved from the pilot scale system around 8 l/m2.h with COD removal of more than 99%. Hence, this study has demonstrated the feasibility of the newly configured submerged ends-free MBR at larger scale.]]>
<![CDATA[NON-DISSOLVED SOLIDS REMOVAL DURING PALM KERNEL OIL ULTRAFILTRATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Mubiar Purwasasmita]]>;
<![CDATA[Petrus Benny Juwono]]>;
<![CDATA[Aysha Mareta Karlina]]>;
<![CDATA[Khoiruddin Khoiruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Wenten]]>
<![CDATA[ Reaktor Volume 14, No. 4, OKTOBER 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.14.4.284-290
<![CDATA[Performance of polypropylene hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane during non-dissolved solids (NDS) removal from palm kernel oil is investigated. The filtration is operated at difference feed temperature and pressure to study the effect of both parameters on membrane performance. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that polypropylene hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane can be used for palm kernel oil NDS removal. Temperature and trans-membrane pressure have proportional effect to permeate flux. In contrast, they have inverse effect to rejection of NDS. During the experiment, permeate fluxes and rejections of NDS varied from 3.4 to 8.7 L/m2.h and from 51% to 94%, respectively. The best operating conditions suggested are feed temperature of 30°C and TMP of 1 bar which produce the highest NDS rejection. In addition, the permeate quality can meet the requirement of standard NDS content even at its lowest rejection level which shows the remarkable performance of membrane filtration.]]>
