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PEMULIAAN PINUS BOCOR GETAH: KORELASI GENETIK PRODUKSI GETAH PADA TIGA SUB GALUR UJI KETURUNAN PINUS MERKUSII DI KPH BANYUMAS BARAT Gunawan Nugrahanto; Mohammad Na’iem; Sapto Indrioko; Eny Faridah; Widiyatno Widiyatno
Agrienvi: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Desember
Publisher : Agrienvi: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study aims to determine the genetic correlation of resin yield to growth (height, diameter and branch-free height) in three sub-lines of the progeny test Pinus merkusii. The research was conducted on the 11-year-old P. merkusii with high resin yield half-sib, using an Incomplete Block with a Row Column Design sub-line system, namely sub-lines (KBS Sumedang, KBS Jember, and East Java). The genetic correlation between resin yield with height, diameter and free-branch height generally has a relatively small value. The resin yield with diameter growth in the sub-line of KBS Jember has a positive correlation and is moderate (0.526), but this is different in the genetic correlation of resin yield with moderate branch-free height but negative (-0.498). In the sub-line of East Java, the correlation of resin yield characteristic with diameter growth was moderate but negative (-0.434). Further selection in the Jember KBS sub-line could be aimed at wood and resin yield, however for the Sumedang and East Java KBS sub-lines, further selection was only intended for resin yield. Key words: Genetic correlation, resin yield, Pinus merkusii, sub-line, progeny test

Media Kompos Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon dan Pupuk Lepas Lambat untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Semai Pinus merkusii di KPH Banyumas Timur Suryo Hardiwinoto; Nur Adin Eko Saputro; Handojo Hadi Nurjanto; Widiyatno Widiyatno
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 4, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Effects of Composted Sawdust of Falcata Media and Slow Release Fertilizer to Promote Pinus merkusii Seedling growth in Banyumas Timur FMUPhysical and chemical properties of the potting media, especially porosity and nutrient availability, are required to produce good quality seedlings of pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vries). Composted sawdust of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) wood is a potential material to be used for growing media of pine seedlings. However, since this material contains low nutrients, addition of a slow release fertilizer is required to meet the nutrient demand of seedling growth. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of wood sawdust compost and slow release fertilizer on the growth of pine seedlings. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications. The first factor was the rate of sawdust compost and the second factor was the rate of slow release fertilizer. Height and root-collar diameter were measured at 6 months of age. As the results, sawdust compost and slow release fertilizer gave a significant effect on height and diameter growths. However, the effect of sawdust compost on seedling growth depended on the rate of fertilizer. Combination treatment that gave the best seedlings growth was 100% sawdust compost + 0% soil (and 12 g fertilizer /1.5 liter media). The seedlings applied with this treatment had the mean height of 8.72 cm and diameter of 2.24 mm, which were significantly greater than the control with the mean height and mean diameter of 1.87 cm and 1.15 mm respectively.

Dinamika Suksesi Vegetasi pada Areal Pasca Perladangan Berpindah di Kalimantan Tengah Ardiatma Maulana; Priyono Suryanto; Widiyatno Widiyatno; Eny Faridah; Bambang Suwignyo
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 13, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesia memiliki luasan hutan hujan tropis terluas nomor tiga setelah Brazil dan Afrika. Namun, tingkat degradasi hutan yang tinggi di Indonesia menyebabkan negara ini menjadi salah satu penyumbang emisi gas rumah kaca terbesar di dunia. Salah satu penyebab turunnya luasan hutan tropis di Indonesia adalah praktek perladangan berpindah. Suksesi vegetasi pasca perladangan berpindah dapat memberikan layanan ekologis berupa peningkatan tutupan vegetasi dan perbaikan sifat tanah yang jarang sekali terekspose pada tingkat lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika suksesi vegetasi padalahan pasca perladangan berpindah tingkat lanjut. Penelitian dinamika suksesi vegetasi dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel tanaman bawah, semai sapihan dan pohon di lahan pasca perladangan dengan tiga umur yang berbeda, yaitu bera muda (1 – 10 tahun), bera sedang (11 – 20 tahun), bera tua (> 20 tahun), dan hutan alam dengan menggunakan metode petak bersarang dengan plot yang ditempatkan secara sistematik. Analisis vegetasi dengan menggunakan Indeks Nilai Penting, Kelimpahan Jenis, Keragaman, dan Kemerataan. Analisis varian dengan uji lanjut DMRT digunakan jika hasil dari tiap index vegetasi berbeda signifikan antar umur perladangan. Adanya pola peningkatan serta perbedaan yang nyata (P < 0,05) antara kelimpahan dan keragaman jenis vegetasi penyusun lahan bera sedang dengan lahan bera tua pada tingkatan pohon kecuali vegetasi penyusun tanaman bawah. Nilai keragaman dan kelimpahan jenis tingkat pohon lahan bera tua tidak berbeda nyata dengan hutan alam namun memiliki komposisi yang berbeda.The Dynamics of Succession of Vegetation in the Post-Shifting Cultivation Area in Central KalimantanAbstractIndonesia’s forests is the third largest tropical forest after Brazil and Africa. However, the high rate of forest degradation in Indonesia led this country become one of the most largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions in the world. One of the causes of the degradation of tropical forest in Indonesia is the shifting cultivation practice. The succession of vegetation after shifting cultivation practice can provide ecological services such as increasing vegetation cover and improving soil properties but takes too long to recover. This study aims to understand the dynamics of vegetation succession in the post-shifting cultivation advanced stage. This study was conducted using systematical nested sampling method to take sample of shurb and herbs, and trees, including, seedling and, sapling growth stage form three different stage of post-shifting cultivation land areas, ie young fallow (1 - 10 years), intermediate fallow (11 - 20 years), old fallow (> 20 years), and natural forest. The vegetation data were then analyzed using Important Value, Species Richness, Diversity and Evenness Indices. Analysis of variance with post-hoc test of DMRT assays was used if the results each vegetation indices differed significantly between stage of post-shifting cultivation land. The Species Richness and Diversity Index of shurb and herb, seedling, sapling, and tree have significantly increased (P < 0,05) except the herb and shrub communities. The Species richness and Diversity Index of tree stage of old fallow were not significantly different from natural forest but it was composed with different species.

Effect of Maleic Acid and Glycerol Concentrations on the Characteristics of Glycerol Ester of Maleic Rosin Ramadhani, Rafli Nur; Lukmandaru, Ganis; Sunarta, Sigit; Widiyatno, Widiyatno
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 1 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.1.22-27

Gum rosin, distilled from the resin of pine trees (Pinus merkusii), is highly susceptible to degradation and oxidation. To maintain its quality, modification by fortification, among other methods, should be made, where a stable product named glycerol ester of maleic rosin (GEMR) is produced. In the experiment reported in this paper, rosin was prepared on the laboratory scale. Fortification was performed using maleic acid of varied concentrations (8%, 10%, and 12%, w/w), followed by mixing with glycerol through an esterification process (10%, 12%, and 14%, w/w). The average yield of GEMR produced was in the range from 67.11% to 79.30%. The average softening point, acid number, and ash content were in the ranges of 91.67–120.67°C, 5.84–9.82 mg KOH/g, and 5 x 10-3–14.7 x 10-3%, respectively. No significant effect of concentration was observed on yield and acid number. The GEMR product was completely soluble in toluene at all concentration levels. It was found that the increase of glycerol portion affected the properties of GEMR, i.e., lower ash content and acid number, while higher softening point. Based on the acid number, solubility in toluene, and softening point values, the GEMR obtained in this research fulfilled the requirements of Chinese GEMR standards.

Effect of Maleic Acid and Glycerol Concentrations on the Characteristics of Glycerol Ester of Maleic Rosin Ramadhani, Rafli Nur; Lukmandaru, Ganis; Sunarta, Sigit; Widiyatno, Widiyatno
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 1 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.1.22-27

Gum rosin, distilled from the resin of pine trees (Pinus merkusii), is highly susceptible to degradation and oxidation. To maintain its quality, modification by fortification, among other methods, should be made, where a stable product named glycerol ester of maleic rosin (GEMR) is produced. In the experiment reported in this paper, rosin was prepared on the laboratory scale. Fortification was performed using maleic acid of varied concentrations (8%, 10%, and 12%, w/w), followed by mixing with glycerol through an esterification process (10%, 12%, and 14%, w/w). The average yield of GEMR produced was in the range from 67.11% to 79.30%. The average softening point, acid number, and ash content were in the ranges of 91.67–120.67°C, 5.84–9.82 mg KOH/g, and 5 x 10-3–14.7 x 10-3%, respectively. No significant effect of concentration was observed on yield and acid number. The GEMR product was completely soluble in toluene at all concentration levels. It was found that the increase of glycerol portion affected the properties of GEMR, i.e., lower ash content and acid number, while higher softening point. Based on the acid number, solubility in toluene, and softening point values, the GEMR obtained in this research fulfilled the requirements of Chinese GEMR standards.

Forestry Spatial Planning Policy Direction: Concerning the Long-Term National Development Plan 2025-2045 Margono, Belinda Arunarwati; Purwanto, Judin; Nugroho, Sigit; Widiyatno, Widiyatno
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 19 No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jik.v19i1.18426

The role of forests is related to the challenges of balancing food, water, and energy, which are likely to increase significantly in the near future. A science-based conception is needed to support the correct application of forest adequacy in terms of forestland and forest cover over a watershed or island to address these challenges and to strengthen the role of forests in performing economic, social, and ecological functions, mainly in the context of water, food, and energy security. However, the minimum extent of forest over land is still debatable. The determination of what is named forest adequacy, in terms of both forestland (kawasan hutan) and forest cover (penutupan hutan), needs to consider roles of biogeophysical factors, environmental carrying capacity, watershed characteristics, along with flora and fauna diversity. Spatial planning plays a crucial role in implementing the concept of determining the forest's adequacy based on spatial considerations to support the Forestry Spatial Planning Policy in the 2025-2045 National Development Plan to ensure the future security of water, food, and energy supply.

Eco Traditional Bamboo-Based Agroforestry and Its Services for Privately Owned Forest Cover and Sustainability Hani, Aditya; Suryanto, Priyono; Murniati, Murniati; Widiyatno, Widiyatno
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 46, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v46i2.4127

This study aims to determine bamboo agroforestry system in maintaining sustainability of privately owned forest and contribution of bamboo community forests to the farmers' economy. Research on the composition of privately owned forest species was carried out using a survey method. There were 37 observation plots evenly distributed in the study location villages. Land cover image data obtained from Sentinel-2 Imagery were compared based on land-cover classification. Thirty respondents were interviewed to obtain social and economic data. Data related to the pattern and composition of species diversity of privately owned forest were displayed in an ordinal space and processed by employing Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling analysis. Data from interviews were analyzed using descriptive methods which were presented in the form of tables and graphs. Results showed that privately owned forest were able to increase tree vegetation cover in Ciamis Regency by 3.367%. The bamboo privately owned forest was composed of wood and bamboo, fruit plants, plantation crops, horticulture, and food plants. Privately owned forest contribute 24.49% to farmers' income with coffee as the main commodity. Bamboo has contributed 15.42% of the income from privately owned forest. Farmers will keep maintaining bamboo trees because they have provided economic, social, and environmental benefits.

Characteristic Morphology and Biomass Production of Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Cultivar Gama Umami Under Teak Tree (Tectona grandis) Shade in Blora, Central Java Muafi, Muhammad Zayyan; Umami, Nafiatul; Suhartanto, Bambang; Suwignyo, Bambang; Haq, Miftahush Shirotul; Suseno, Nilo; Widiyatno, Widiyatno; Armstrong, Leisa; Cook, David; Prasojo, Yogi Sidik
Buletin Peternakan Vol 48, No 2 (2024): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 48 (2) MAY 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i2.95016

This study aims to determine the characteristic morphology and biomass production of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) cultivar Gama Umami under teak tree (Tectona grandis) shade in teak tree forest area of Blora, Central Java. The grass was planted using stem cuttings and maintained for four months using the randomized block design (RBD) method with six repetitions in each treatment. This study consisted of two treatments, namely shade under teak tree stands and non-shade or open area as a control. Maintenance was carried out for 14 weeks with the addition of fertilizers, such as NPK (nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium) and urea. Parameters measured included plant height, leaf length, leaf width, first collar length, number of tiller, and stem diameter. After 14 weeks the plants were harvested, and biomass production data were obtained. The results showed that there were no differences in leaf length, leaf width, first collar length, number shoots, and stem diameter between under the shade and non-shade of teak trees. However, the plant height and biomass production of Napier grass cultivated in non-shade teak trees were higher than under the shade of teak trees. The finding showed that Napier grass cultivar Gama Umami could be cultivated under the shade of teak tree forest and introduce for silvopasture system in teak trees forest area.

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