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All Journal Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Jurnal Mechanical Jurnal METTEK (Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin) Dinamika Teknik Mesin : Jurnal Keilmuan dan Terapan Teknik Mesin International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Technology International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
I.K.G. Wirawan
Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Bali
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics

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Kolektor surya jenis sirkular dengan memanfaatkan neon bekas sebagai kaca penutup I Ketut Gede Wirawan
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 3, No.2 Desember 2008
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

To reduce the dependence to conventional energy resource, an effort to develop alternative energy application should be considered. One of them is the solar energy. Tubular solar thermal collector is a device to absorb the solar energy in from of thermal energy and transfer it into fluid. In water heating process, the solar collector which consists of some ex turbular lamp as cover glass, and finned absorber pipes, is designed and will be studied to obtain its performance. The mass flow rate amd inlet temperature of working fluid must be adjusted to achive the highest efficiency for a certain tubular solar collector.The experiment to examine the performance of the device done from 10.00 AM to 2.00 PM. The performance is representated by the rate changes of mass flow and inlet fluid temperature. The experiment shows that the best performance of this tubular solar collector is at mass flow rate of 250 cc/min with the maximum efficiency of 58.5 %
Performance Analysis of Window Type Air Conditioning with Addition of Heat Exchanger Equipment I Ketut Gede Wirawan
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 3, No.2 Oktober 2009
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

One manner to be used to increase refregration effect is by flowing hot refrigerant out from condensor, it is then touched with the refrigerant out from evaporator on a heat exchanger of counterflow type. Experiment was done by taking samples of pressure at suction (p1) and discharge (p2) of compressor and box temperature (Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4). By knowing of pressure at suction (p1), the enthalpy into compressor is known. By assuming the process is isentropic (compressor), isobar (condenser and evaporator), and isenthalpy (expansion valve), the enthalpy into condensor, expansion valve and evaporator were known. In 60 minutes, compression work of air conditioning with heat exchanger is 31,588 kJ/kg, and without heat exchanger is 33,796 kJ/kg. Effect refrigeration average with modification is 155,55 kJ/kg and without modification was 153,40 kJ/kg so that coefficient of performance with modification more than without modification. Air conditioning with modification had initial refrigration rate was 67,193 J/s and 0,043 J/s at the end minute, meanwhile, refrigeration without modification had cooling rate at start 66,538 J/s and 0,935 J/s at the end.
KAJIAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH TABUNG UDARA PADA HEAD TEKANAN POMPA HIDRAM Made Suarda; IKG Wirawan
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 3, No.1 Juni 2008
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

Pompa hidram bekerja berdasarkan prinsip palu-air. Ketika aliran fluida dihentikan secara tiba-tiba, maka perubahan momentum massa fluida tersebut akan meningkatkan tekanan secara tiba-tiba pula. Peningkatan tekanan ini digunakan untuk mengangkat sebagian fluida tersebut ke tempat yang lebih tinggi. Untuk itu, penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengetahui besarnya head tekanan akibat palu-air pada instalasi pompa hidram dengan dan tanpa tabung udara. Parameter yang diamati adalah besarnya peningkatan tekanan pada pipa penghantar, badan pompa, leher pompa, pipa penyalur serta debit yang dihasilkan pada bak limbah dan bak penampung. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa head tekanan balik di dalam pipa penghantar menurun dari 103,87 m tanpa menggunakan tabung udara menjadi 37,85 m dengan tabung udara. Selanjutnya, dalam pipa penyalur head tekanan akibat water hammer meningkat dari 0,29 m tanpa menggunakan tabung udara menjadi 2,9 m dengan menggunakan tabung udara. Sehingga pemasangan tabung udara dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pompa hidram secara signifikan dari 0.72 % tanpa tabung menjadi 19,45 % dengan tabung udara.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN WATER COOLED CONDENSER PADA MESIN PENGKONDISIAN UDARA PAKET (AC WINDOW) IKG Wirawan; Ngurah Putra Wibawa
Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur Vol 2, No.2 Desember 2007
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Udayana

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Abstract

One of the important aspects in thermal design is refrigeration and air conditioning. Working principle of air conditioning is absorption and thermal dissipation process. Condenser is main component to release the heat from refrigerant to the cooling medium. In the present research, water cooled condenser was used to replace the commonly air condenser. Pressure and temperature at some section of the components were observed in order to examine the performance of the air conditioning system. The results showed that the COP varied from 9.66 to 12.4; refrigerationg effect varied from 1.31 kW to 1.86 kW; cooling capacity varied from 0.38 TR to 0.53 TR; and heat transfer varied from 2.2 kW to 2.98 kW.
Karakteristik Komposit Hibrida Serat Basalt – Karbon Epoksi Resin pada Perendaman Air Laut Tri Siswanto Kamid; I.D.G Ary Subagia; I Ketut Gede Wirawan
Jurnal Mettek: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin Vol 5 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/METTEK.2019.v05.i01.p08

Abstract

Material komposit dengan laminasi serat penguat karbon dan basalt telah diproduksi melalui proses cetakan injeksi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisa laju korosi material komposit oleh air laut. Perendaman komposit hibrida untuk masing-masing variasi dilakukan pada air laut dengan durasi waktu perendaman selama 2 minggu, 4 minggu, dan 6 minggu. Hasil uji menunjukkan seluruh variasi komposit hibrida mengalami penyerapan dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya massa benda uji dari setiap durasi waktu perendaman. Peningkatan massa untuk masing-masing komposit hibrida sangat besar terjadi pada minggu ke-2 (dua) yaitu 3,9% untuk CFRP, 1,4% untuk B2C3B2C3, 1,3% untuk B4C6, 1,3% untuk C2B2C2B2C2, dan 1,5% untuk BFRP. Kemudian untuk durasi perendaman selanjutnya relatif tetap (constant). Dari hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa perendaman komposit hibrida dengan serat basalt/carbon/epoxy sangat rendah dari minggu ke minggu. Analisa SEM menunjukkan pada setiap komposit hibrida teramati terjadi korosi disebabkan karena serat basalt memiliki kandungan besi (Fe), tetapi laju korosi sangat rendah (< 0,5%). Efek korosi ditunjukkan dengan adanya zona delaminasi yang dapat menurunkan kekuatan dan keuletan dari komposit hibrida. Composite materials with carbon fiber and basalt fiber laminates have been produced through the injection molding process. The aim is to analyze the corrosion rate of composite materials by sea water. Immersion of hybrid composites for each variation was carried out on sea water with a duration of immersion time of 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks. The test results showed that all variations of hybrid composites experienced absorption as evidenced by the increase in the mass of the specimen from each duration of immersion time. The mass increase for each hybrid composite was very large at the second week is 3.9% for CFRP, 1.4% for B2C3B2C3, 1.3% for B4C6, 1.3% for C2B2C2B2C2, and 1,5% for BFRP. Then for the duration of subsequent immersion it is relatively constant. From these results it was concluded that immersion of hybrid composites with basalt / carbon / epoxy fibers was very low from week to week. SEM analysis showed that each hybrid composite observed corrosion due to basalt fibers having iron (Fe) content, but the corrosion rate was very low (<0.5%). Corrosion effects are indicated by a delamination zone which can reduce the strength and ductile of hybrid composites.
Uji Karakteristik Distribusi Butiran Minyak Kelapa Pada Semburan Nosel Burner Sederhana Ari Dwi Agus Sulistyo; I Ketut Gede Wirawan; Ainul Ghurri
Jurnal Mettek: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin Vol 3 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Minyak kelapa merupakan salah satu jenis minyak nabati yang dihasilkan dari pohon kelapa yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai pilihan bahan bakar alternatif kompor bertekanan. Bahan bakar dikatakan baik jika menghasilkan ukuran butiran semburan yang kecil dan halus.Oleh karena itu sebagai langkah awal, telah dilakukan suatu pengujian eksperimental menguji karakteristik distribusi butiran (droplet) semburan minyak kelapa yang diuji melalui mekanisme menyerupai nosel burner sederhana kompor bertekanan.Minyak kelapa yang diuji dengan variasi tekanan injeksi yaitu 3 - 5 bar dan variasi viskositas yang dihasilkan melalui preheating 350°C-390°C.Karakteristik yang di uji adalah jumlah butiran dan ukuran diameter butiran yang terbentuk pada masing-masing pengujiaan.Dari pengujian yang telah dilakukan maka di dapatkan sebagai berikut, dengan peningkatan tekanan dan penurunan viskositas yang dapat mendeformasikan minyak kelapa menjadikan droplet kecil dan berjumlah banyak. Coconut oil is one type of vegetable oils produced from coconut trees that have the potential to be used as alternative fuel selection pressure stove. The fuel is said to be good if it produces spray of small droplet and smooth. Therefore, as a first step, we conducted a test experimentally test the characteristics of droplet distribution spray of coconut oil were tested through mechanism resemblings a pressure stove simple nozzle buner. Coconut oil is tested with a variety of injection pressure is 3-5 bar and viscosity variations produced by preheating to 350°C - 390°C. Characteristics test in the number of droplets and droplet diameter size formed on each test. From the testing that was done then get the following, with the increase in pressure and a decrease in viscosity resulting in deformed coconut oil into small droplets and numerous
ANALISA KINERJA THERMAL KOLEKTOR SURYA BERBASIS PIPA KALOR I Made Suinata; Wayan Nata Septiadi; K. G. Wirawan
Jurnal Mettek: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin Vol 2 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Salah satu pemanfaatan energi matahari adalah sistem pemanas air energi surya (solar water heater). Solar water heater yang banyak digunakan adalah solar water heater konvensiaonal dimana untuk mensirkulasikan fluida kerja pada kolektor surya menggunakan pompa sehingga masih menggunakan energi listrik yang sebagian besar bersumber dari energi fosil. Untuk mengurangi penggunaan energi listrik yang bersumber dari fosil tersebut sudah banyak dikembangkan solar water heater dengan menggunakan evacuated tube collectors yang memanfaatkan sirkulasi fluida secara alami. Karena sirkulasi fluida kerja pada evacuated tube collectors hanya memanfaatkan efek grafitasi dan lintasan uap dan cairan pada lintasan yang sehingga terjadi kekeringan dan kollektor menjadi tidak berfungsi. Dari beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan, pipa kalor memang memiliki keunggulan tersendiri. Keuntungan dalam pemanfaatan pipa kalor sebagai penukar kalor atau pendingin diantaranya siklus pemindahan kalor yang relatif lebih singkat, kekompakan dimensi, menigkatkan koefisien perpindahan kalor yang cukup tinggi serta tidak diperlukannya daya tambahan karena sirkulasi terjadi secara natural. Dalam penelitian ini kolektor surya dibuat menggunakan tabung kaca yang divakum dengan berbasis pipa kalor yang kemudian dirangkaikan sehingga menjadi sistem pemanas air yang berbasis pipa kalor. Dari hasil pengujian kolektor surya berbasis pipa kalor mampu memanaskan air hingga temperatur 71oC dengan laju aliran air 1 lpm. Hambatan termal tertinggi terjadi pada pukul 09.00 sebesar 0,388 Watt/oC, terkecil pada pukul 14.30 sebesar 0,027 Watt/oC.One of the utilization of solar energy is solar energy water heating systems. Solar water heater is the widely used on conventional solar water heater in which to circulate the working fluid in the solar collector using a pump so they use electrical energy which are largely sourced from fossil fuels. To reduce the use of electricity that comes from the fossil has been developed using a solar water heater with evacuated tube collectors that utilize natural circulation of fluid. Due to the circulation of the working fluid in the evacuated tube collectors utilize only the effects of gravity and the trajectory of vapor and liquid on the track, causing drought and kollektor become dysfunctional. Of the few studies that have been conducted, the heat pipe does have its own advantages. The advantage in the use of heat pipe as heat exchanger or cooling cycle including the removal of heat is relatively short, compactness dimensions, enhances heat transfer coefficient is high enough and no additional power needed for the circulation occurs naturally. In this study the solar collector is made using glass tubes that vacuum with heat pipe which is then sequenced so that a heat pipe solar water heater. From the test results based heat pipe solar collector is capable of heating water to a temperature of 71oC with the flow rate of water 1 lpm. The highest thermal barriers at 09.00 amounted to 0,388 Watt /oC, the smallest in 14.30 amounted to 0,027 Watt /oC.
Studi Pengaruh Temperatur Reaktor Gasifikasi Terhadap Fuel Conversion Rate Gasifikasi Dual Reactor Fluidized Bed I Wayan Arya Darma; I Nyoman Suprapta Winaya; I Ketut Gede Wirawan
Jurnal Mettek: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/METTEK.2018.v04.i02.p01

Abstract

Terjadinya krisis energi mendorong pemerintah untuk melakukan upaya pengembangan bahan bakar alternatif, yang berasal dari sumber daya energi terbarukan, salah satunya adalah biomassa. Pada penelitian ini proses konversi energi biomassa dilakukan menggunakan teknologi dual reactor fluidized bed. Bahan bakar biomassa yang digunakan adalah sekam padi dan pasir silika digunakan sebagai material bed nya. Temperatur pada reaktor gasifikasi diatur antara 600-7000C dan temperatur pada reaktor pembakaran konstan pada 7000C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan temperatur pada reaktor gasifikasi berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya fuel conversion rate pada proses gasifikasi. The occurrence of an energy crisis encourages the government to make efforts to develop alternative fuels, which come from renewable energy resources, one of which is biomass. In this study the biomass energy conversion process was carried out using dual reactor fluidized bed technology. The biomass fuel used is rice husk and silica sand is used as a bed material. The temperature in the gasification reactor is set between 600-7000C and the temperature in the combustion reactor is constant at 7000C. The results showed that the increase in temperature in the gasification reactor had an effect on increasing carbon efficiency in the gasification process.
Peningkatan konduktivitas termal lemak sapi sebagai bahan PCM dengan menambahkan arang sekam padi I.M. Astika; I.N.S. Winaya; I.D.G.A. Subagia; I.K.G. Wirawan; I.G.K. Dwijana; I.G.K. Sukadana
Dinamika Teknik Mesin Vol 11, No 1 (2021): Dinamika Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (928.795 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/dtm.v11i1.364

Abstract

Phase change material (PCM) is a material that can absorb and store energy and can release it based on the principle of latent heat energy storage. Beef tallow is one of the materials that can be used as PCM but its low thermal conductivity is around 0.181 W/mK. Hence, thermal conductivity is considered an important factor in the conduction heat transfer.  This further affects kinetic absorption and heat release. However it is possible to increase the values by adding another material that has a high thermal conductivity. The purpose of this study is to elevate the thermal conductivity of beef tallow by adding rice husk char. This research involves direct incorporation method, where beef tallow is thawed and mixed with the rice husk char then stirred with a rotation of 100 rpm until the mixture becomes solid. Addition of rice husk char with weight fractions of 5 and 10% and grain size of 0.045 mm. Subsequently, thermal conductivity test was performed using the TQ Heat Transfer Experiment Base Unit.The results show that with the addition of rice husk can increase the thermal conductivity of PCM beef tallow. The increase obtained in the addition of 10% rice husk char is 37 times compared to the pure sample. Based on this result it is concluded that carbon-based materials such as rice husk char can be used to increase the thermal conductivity of PCM materials.
Thermal Conductivity and Bending Strength of Coconut Fiber/Paraffin/Graphite Composite Phase Change Materials I Made Astika; I Nyoman Suprapta Winaya; I Dewa Gede Ary Subagia; I Ketut Gede Wirawan
International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Technology Vol 5 No 2 (2020): July - December
Publisher : Doctorate Program of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJEET.2020.v05.i02.p20

Abstract

The use of composite materials for panel boards, building construction, vehicle accessories, and household furniture is growing. Coconut coir fiber-reinforced composites can be applied as panel boards for building and furniture construction, which can also be used as heat storage systems. The coco fiber composite's low energy storage capacity can be increased by incorporating PCM material into it, forming a PCM composite material. Heat absorption and release performance depend on the material's thermal conductivity, which can be increased by adding additives such as graphite. This paper presents a performance test of PCM composites to obtain bending strength and thermal conductivity. The research materials were coconut coir fiber, polyester, paraffin, and graphite. The weight fractions of coco fiber and polyester were 30 and 50%, respectively. Variation of paraffin weight fraction 15 and 20% and variation of graphite weight 0 and 5%. The method of mixing materials is direct incorporation and forming of PCM composites using a press molding process. The tests carried out include the bending test (ASTM D790-03) and the thermal conductivity test using the Heat Transfer Experiment Base Unit test kit. The results show that the use of 15 wt% paraffin with 5 wt% graphite increases thermal conductivity by 23.27% and increases bending strength by 36.71%.
Co-Authors Adi Purnawan Ainul Ghurri Ari Dwi Agus Sulistyo I Dewa Gede Ary Subagia I G.N.O. Suputra I Gusti Ketut Sukadana I Gusti Komang Dwijana I Gusti Ngurah Putu Tenaya I K. A. Atmika I Ketut Adi Sugita I Made Astika I Made Panji Tirta Prakasa I Made Suinata I Nengah Suarnadwipa I Nengah Suweden I Nyoman Suprapta Winaya I Wayan Arya Darma I.D.M.K. Muku I.G.K. Sukadana I.K.A. Atmika I.M. Astika I.N.G. Wardana I.N.G. Wardana K. Astawa M. Sucipta Made Suarda Ngurah Putra Wibawa Rudy Soenoko Rudy Soenoko Siti Helmyati Slamet Wahyudi Tri Siswanto Kamid Wayan Nata Septiadi