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The effect of continuous exposure to electromagnetic fÃ¯eld on four successive generations of mice Soeradi, Oentoeng; Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Sari, Puji; Pujianto, Dwi A.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2002): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

The objective of this study is to know the biobgical effects ofÂ electromagnetic field treatment on four successive generations of mice. Fourty eight male and female mice of Swiss Webster Strain, 3 months of old, and 35 - 40 g body weight, were kept in a controlled environment and fed a standard diet. Mice were divided into 6 groups of four couples each. The first group was exposed to electromagnetic field of I kV/10 cm, the second group to 2 kV/10 cm, and the third group to 3 kV/10 cm. The remaining 3 groups were served as untreated controls of the first, second, and third group, respectively. Each couple of mice was placed in a cage (26x20x11 cm) with wire metal cage tops. The cages of experimental groups with mice inside, were then put on the negative terminal plate of a pair of parallel aluminium plate electrodes. These cages wereÂ perpendicular to the positive electrode plate at a distance of I0 cm. Subsequently, the electrodes were connected to stepup transformer as an alternating current power supply. All mice belonging to experimental and untreated control groups were allowed to mate, gastate, and deliver the first up to fourth generations, During investigation, all generations of experimental groups were continuously treated to electromagnetic field, while generations of untreated control groups received no treatment to electromagnetic field, During the study, all mice were housed in a room having a temperature of 26áµ C and a light - dark cycle of 12:12 hours. The results of this study showed that exposure of mice to electromagnitic field results in reduced fertility with no change in sex ratio of the offspring. Exposure to electromagnetic field, however, were effective in inducing congenital anomalies, such as micropthalmy, white eyes, short hind legs, dwarf mice, and tumors in both sexes of the offspring which caused of death after 3 - 4 months of old. A large mortality rate were found, especially in the third and fourth generations. No congenital anomalies and tumors were noted in untreated controls. ln conclusion, we suggest that several facts which found in this study were the result of changes in genetic material of the sperm or eggs during spermatogenesis or oogenesis, respectively, i.e. a mutagenic effect. This interaction between electromagnetic field and the living cell, may then cause biological effects on cells, tissues, and organs, so that finally there are consequences for the whole organisms. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 3-10)Keywords: electromagnetic field, fertility, mortality rate, congenital anomalies, tumor, mice

Genotype distribution of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C and C677T gene in Indonesian infertile men Suryandari, Dwi A.; Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Wiweko, Budi; Yunaini, Luluk
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2012): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an important enzyme of folate and methionin metabolism, making it crucial for DNA synthesis and methylation. Variants of MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene result in reduced plasma folate levels and increase the susceptibility to spermatogenic arrest. This research aims to analyses MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene polymorphism in Indonesian infertile men with azoospermia and oligozoospermia.Methods: This cross sectional study takes 3 mL of blood from 150 infertile men with oligozoospermia and azoospermia. MTHFR gene is analyzed using polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR) with specific primers. PCR-RFLP analysis of the MTHFR gene using restriction enzymes MboII and HinfI determines allotypes, both of SNP A1298C and C677T in oligozoospermia and azoospermia in Indonesian population.Results: The results show that the distribution of allotypes of MTHFR gene SNP A1298C and A677T is not significantly different (p>0.05) between patient groups with oligozoospermia and azoospermia.Conclusion: MTHFR gene polymorphisms, both of SNP A1298C and C677T are not associated with male infertility in Indonesian men including patients with severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia. (Med J Indones 2012;21:23-7)Keywords: DNA methylation, MTHFR, spermatogenic arrest

Genotype distribution of T cell receptor Î² gene in Indonesian nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Soeharso, Purnomo; Suryandari, Dwi A.; Moeloek, Nukman; Susworo, R.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 20, No 3 (2011): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a multifactorial genetic disease, characteristically endemic and showsÂ considerable differences in its geographical distribution. Besides infection with EBV, genetic factors such as polymorphismsÂ of TCR-Î² gene contribute to the incidence of NPC. This study investigates the association of TCR-Î² gene polymorphismsÂ with individual susceptibility to develop NPC in Indonesian ethnic groups.Methods: The study was carried out by the PCR-RFLP method using Bgl II restriction enzyme to digest TCR-Î² gene. TheÂ PCR-RFLP analysis of TCR-Î² gene was used to determine allotypes of TCR-Î² gene in NPC patients and control amongÂ ethnic Chinese and indigenous groups in the population of Indonesia.Results: The results indicate that the distribution of TCR-Î² gene allotypes between NPC patients and controls are notÂ significantly different (p > 0.05); however, the frequency of A allele tends to increase in NPC patients. The distribution ofÂ TCR-Î² gene allotypes between Chinese ethnic group was not signifi cantly different from indigenous groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion: The distribution of TCR-Î² gene allele between NPC group and control groups showed no difference. TheÂ distribution of TCR-Î² gene between ethnic Chinese and indigenous groups showed no difference. Polymorphisms of TCR-Î²Â gene are not associated with NPC and ethnic groups in Indonesian population. (Med J Indones 2011; 20:171-7)Keywords: EBV, NPC, polymorphism, susceptibility, TCR-Ã gene

Seahorse (Hippocampus sp): opportunities in assisted reproduction with nanotechnology approach Trisnawati Mundijo; Yurnadi Hanafi Midoen; Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto
Indonesian Archives and Biomedical Sciences Vol 1 No 1 (2021): Indonesian Archives and Biomedical Sciences Vol 1(1): 2021
Publisher : Konsorsium Ilmu Biomedik Indonesia (KIBI)

Seahorse (Hippocampus sp) is the unique fish, because the male is pregnancy. The seahorse not only given an economic value but also have a potential drug for medical use, which is have a steroid an aphrodisiac for fertility. The previous studies have reported the function seahorse extract and have been studied both in vitro and in vivo to know the effects from the natural product. Nowadays, infertility caused many factors, such as a factor from the male including spermatogenesis and testis disorder. In decade, there is the treatment for infertility used GnRH therapy, but it still controversy between the impact in reproductive system and needed the study. GnRH in vertebrate has a G receptor from kisspeptin gene to transcription promote and suggested a key regulator reproductive with a kiss 1 gene, which is the same function in mammals and fishes. In this condition, it is suggested a bioactive compound in seahorse can be investigated to replace a treatment infertility in male with GnRH therapy. It can be done through drug delivery systems with several carrier systems, such as nanoparticles. In the future, bioactive compound from seahorse needed the study to explore a potential drug in medical use including the efficiency and efficacy for fertility in human with nanotechnology approach.

PENGARUH PENYUNTIKAN DOSIS MINIMAL DEPOT MEDROKSIPROGESTERON ASETAT (DMPA) TERHADAP BERAT BADAN DAN KIMIA DARAH TIKUS JANTAN GALUR SPRAGUE-DAWLEY Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Suryandari, Dwi Anita; Moeloek, Nukman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 13, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Effect of Injection Minimal Dosages of Depot Medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) to Body Weight and Blood Chemistry Male Rat Strain Sprague-Dawley. Many family planning program focus more on men. Until now, vasectomy has been the commonly used method for male contraception. However, this method creates inconvenience such as irreversibility and psychological problems. One of the alternatives contraception is the combination of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and androgen. The minimum dosage of DMPA could suppress testosterone level that leads to reduced spermatogenesis and sperm viability. Nevertheless, until now it is not known whether minimum dosages of DMPA have an effect to body weight and blood chemistry. Therefore, this research aimed at determinate the effect of minimal dosages of DMPA to body mass and blood chemistry using male rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) strain Sprague-Dawley as model. This research using completely randomized design, unequal size sample, castration treatments and several doses DMPA (1.25, 0.625, and 0.313 milligram). Injecting of DMPA conducted intramuscularly on week 0 and week 12. Normality/homogeneity Data normality were analyzed before ANOVA test. Then, abnormal data were tested using Kruskal-Wallis test. The result shows that injection of DMPA in various doses do not have an effect on body weight and blood chemistry such as erytrocytes, haemoglobin, hematocrite, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT and triglyseride) (p>0,05). Furthermore, it is concluded that that no effect of minimal dosages of DMPA to body mass and blood chemistry of rat.

COMBINATION OF DEPOT MEDROXY PROGESTERONE ACETATE AND JAVANESE LONG PEPPER EXTRACT ON BODY WEIGHT, HEMATOLOGY, AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY AS A SAFE CONTRACEPTION MODEL Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Asmida, Yoel; Suryandari, Dwi Anita; Moeloek, Nukman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The development of male hormonal contraception is based on a decrease in sperm concentration without affecting libido and sexual potency. The combination of depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) + extract of Javanese long pepper (JLP) with dosages of 0.94 mg and 1.88 mg decreases the concentration of spermatozoa. However, it remains unknown whether the combination influences body weight, hematology, and blood biochemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of DMPA + JLP extracts on the body weight, hematology, and blood biochemistry of male rats (Rattusnorvegicus L.) using Sprague-Dawley strains. The research uses a completely randomized design (CRD); one group control and two treatment groups. In the first group, the castrated rats were given oral administration extracts of JLP (CJ) with doses of 0, 0.94, 1.88, 2.82, and 3.76 mg. In the second group, the rats were injected with 1.25 mg DMPA and given an oral administration extract of JLP. Injection was given in week-0 and 12. Administration was conducted every day from week 7-18. Analysis of the normality and homogeneity of data is done before the ANOVA test. Data that is abnormal and not homogeneous are tested with non-parametric statistical Kruskal-Wallis. This study shows that the combination of minimal doses of DMPA and administration variousdoses of extracts of JLP does not affect body weight and hematology (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrite), and the blood biochemistry of rats, such as the values of SGPT, SGOT, HDL, and triglycerides (p < 0.05), but rather the total cholesterol and LDL (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is concluded that the combination of the minimal dosage of DMPA and weaned various dosages of JLP extracts affect the total value and LDL cholesterol but do not influence body weight, nor hematology and blood biochemistry. Such combinations can be drawn on for asafe male contraceptive model t by taking into account the value of the total cholesterol and LDL during its use.

PENGARUH PENYUNTIKAN DOSIS MINIMAL DEPOT MEDROKSIPROGESTERON ASETAT (DMPA) TERHADAP BERAT BADAN DAN KIMIA DARAH TIKUS JANTAN GALUR SPRAGUE-DAWLEY Yurnadi, Yurnadi; Suryandari, Dwi Anita; Moeloek, Nukman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 13, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Effect of Injection Minimal Dosages of Depot Medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) to Body Weight and Blood Chemistry Male Rat Strain Sprague-Dawley. Many family planning program focus more on men. Until now, vasectomy has been the commonly used method for male contraception. However, this method creates inconvenience such as irreversibility and psychological problems. One of the alternatives contraception is the combination of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and androgen. The minimum dosage of DMPA could suppress testosterone level that leads to reduced spermatogenesis and sperm viability. Nevertheless, until now it is not known whether minimum dosages of DMPA have an effect to body weight and blood chemistry. Therefore, this research aimed at determinate the effect of minimal dosages of DMPA to body mass and blood chemistry using male rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) strain Sprague-Dawley as model. This research using completely randomized design, unequal size sample, castration treatments and several doses DMPA (1.25, 0.625, and 0.313 milligram). Injecting of DMPA conducted intramuscularly on week 0 and week 12. Normality/homogeneity Data normality were analyzed before ANOVA test. Then, abnormal data were tested using Kruskal-Wallis test. The result shows that injection of DMPA in various doses do not have an effect on body weight and blood chemistry such as erytrocytes, haemoglobin, hematocrite, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT and triglyseride) (p>0,05). Furthermore, it is concluded that that no effect of minimal dosages of DMPA to body mass and blood chemistry of rat.

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