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All Journal E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Meditory : The Journal of Medical Laboratory Community Services Journal (CSJ)
Made Dharmesti Wijaya
Jurusan Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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IDENTIFIKASI MUTASI GEN rpoB PADA ISOLAT Mycobacterium tuberculosis MULTIDRUG RESISTANT DENGAN METODE NESTED POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Rusyanthini, Eka Putri; Pradnyaniti, Desak Gede; Komalasari, Komang Trisna; Sunarti, Luh Putu Suci Sri
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (437.87 KB)

Abstract

      The rpoB gene has been known to be a surrogate marker for detection of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Mutations of rpoB gene were associated with rifampicin (RMP) resistance occur in 81 bp region called Rifampin Resistance-Determining Region (RRDR). This study was aimed to determine the types of mutations and amino acid differences in isolates of M.tuberculosis MDR compared to M.tuberculosis H37Rv. Amplification of rpoB gene fragments was carried out using nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nested PCR). Analysis of mutation using MEGA4 showed two amino acid changes namely, E418D and H526L. The type of mutations determined in isolate was missense mutations. Keywords: MDR-TB, mutation, nested PCR, rpoB
Perbedaan Efektivitas Metformin dan Glimepirid dalam Menurunkan Glukosa Darah Puasa Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSD Mangusada Badung Dwiputra, Made Wahyu Dharma; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Witari, Ni Putu Diah
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 12 No 7 (2023): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2023.V12.i07.P15

Abstract

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolisme yang ditandai dengan kenaikan kadar glukosa darah akibat gangguan produksi insulin, dan atau gangguan fungsi insulin. Jumlah penderita DMT2 di Indonesia diperkirakan akan meningkat hingga 21,3 juta jiwa pada tahun 2030. Dalam penatalaksanaan farmakologis awal DMT2 dapat diberikan monoterapi metformin atau glimepirid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas metformin dan glimepirid dalam menurunkan glukosa darah puasa pasien DMT2 rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Daerah (RSD) Mangusada Badung. Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah efektivitas metformin dan glimepirid serta kadar glukosa darah puasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan studi cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah rekam medis penderita DMT2 rawat jalan di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSD Mangusada Badung dengan jumlah 96 orang menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen rekam medis pasien DMT2 sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik parametrik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan penggunaan monoterapi metformin efektif dalam menurunkan glukosa darah puasa pada 36 pasien (75%), sedangkan monoterapi glimepirid efektif pada 25 pasien (52,1%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna efektivitas metformin dan glimepirid dalam menurunkan glukosa darah dengan nilai P<0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metformin lebih efektif dalam menurunkan glukosa darah puasa dibandingkan dengan glimepirid pada pasien DMT2 rawat jalan di RSD Mangusada Badung.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of N-Hexane Extract of Sonneratia alba Mangrove Leaves Surya, Putu Rissa Almadea; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Udiyani, Desak Putu Citra
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.631-635

Abstract

Mangrove plants have been widely used by people in various regions of Indonesia as traditional medicine for the treatment of wounds, fever, diarrhea, and others. Extreme habitat in coastal areas with high salinity and low oxygen level makes mangrove plants produce a variety of unique secondary metabolites and are rich in antioxidants. Although there have been studies on phytochemicals and antioxidant activity conducted, the study of mangroves in Bali, Indonesia, has not been widely explored. This study aims to determine the compounds contained in mangrove leaf extract and their antioxidant activity. The species to be studied is Sonneratia alba, which is commonly found in the Ngurah Rai Mangrove Forest, Bali, Indonesia. In this experimental study, compound extraction was carried out by maceration method using n-hexane solvent. Phytochemical screening using qualitative methods and GC-MS was carried out to determine the phytochemical compounds in the extract, while 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was used to determine antioxidant activity. The result showed that the n-hexane S. alba mangrove leaves extract display strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 64.432 ± 7.675 ppm. The qualitative phytochemical tests showed that the extract contained phenol and steroid, which are known to have antioxidant properties. Moreover, GC-MS analysis showed that there are two compounds with the largest %area namely gamma-sitosterol and dl-alpha-tocopherol (52.88% and 7.77%, respectively), which have been reported to have antioxidant activities. To conclude, these findings demonstrate that n-hexane extract of S. alba mangrove leaves from Ngurah Rai Mangrove Forest, Bali, to have potential antioxidant activity.
Phytochemicals and Larvicidal Activity of Sonneratia alba Root Extracts from Ngurah Rai Mangrove Forest, Denpasar-Bali Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede; Kirtanayasa, I Gede Yoga Ayuning
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.499-505

Abstract

Dengue is an endemic disease with a high incidence in almost all Southeast Asian countries, including Indonesia. This infectious disease is caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquito as the main vector. Effective mosquito vector control is a crucial step in stopping the spread of this virus. Of the several methods available, the use of larvicides is considered one of the most successful treatments in reducing the number of mosquito vectors. However, widely used synthetic larvicides can have undesirable side effects on the environment and non-target organisms including human health. The aim of this study was to discover a new biolarvicide from natural materials that is relatively safer. In this study, the biolarvicidal activity of mangrove plant species that are commonly found in Ngurah Rai Mangrove Forest Bali was tested, namely Sonneratia alba. Mangrove root simplicia was extracted by reflux method using three different solvents namely methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane. The content of compounds in the extract were analyzed using GC/MS method. The larvicidal activity of the extracts were tested on A. aegypti instar III/IV larvae with concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 ppm for 24 hours. Subsequently, the average value of larval mortality was used to calculate the LC50 of each extract. The results showed that S. alba methanol extract provided the best larvicidal activity compared to chloroform and n-hexane extracts, with mortality of 69.33% at a concentration of 1000 ppm and LC50 of 1265 ppm. GC-MS analysis showed that the methanol extract of S. alba contained five dominant compounds namely Methyl 2-hydroxy-eicosanoate (19.55%); 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy (16.48%); 4-((1E)-3-Hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol (10.06%); Benzamide, N-[4-(2-naphtyl)-2-thiazolyl]- (9.40%); and 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-inden-1-one (6.52%). The results of this study provide a preliminary result on larvicide activity from mangrove S. alba in order to develop bio larvicides from nature which is safer for human health and environment.
PKM Penyuluhan Kesehatan Reproduksi, Perilaku Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dan Gerakan Menabung Pada Guru dan Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 3 Batur, Kecamatan Kintamani, Bangli Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Idawati, Ida Ayu Agung
Community Service Journal (CSJ) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Lembaga Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/csj.6.2.2024.101-106

Abstract

Sekolah Dasar adalah tingkatan pendidikan formal pertama yang dilalui siswa-siswa di Indonesia. Pendidikan di tingkat SD memegang peranan penting dalam membangun karakter siswa-siswa yang akan dibawa hingga ke tingkat remaja dan dewasa. Mitra pada kegiatan PKM ini adalah guru dan siswa di SD Negeri 3 Batur, Kecamatan Kintamani, Bangli. Kegiatan PKM akan difokuskan untuk memecahkan permasalahan mitra di bidang kesehatan dan ekonomi. Hasil diskusi awal dengan perwakilan mitra yaitu kepala sekolah SDN 3 Batur menunjukkan bahwa mitra memerlukan penyuluhan dan pemahaman tentang penyakit reproduksi pada wanita seperti penyuluhan tentang kanker serviks dan payudara karena mitra merasa masih minimnya pemahaman akan kedua penyakit ini. Mitra juga ingin mendapatkan pemahaman tentang perilaku bersih dan sehat pada murid-murid SDN 3 Batur khususnya tentang cara mencuci tangan yang bersih dan benar. Pada aspek ekonomi, mitra ingin mendapatkan pelatihan tentang gerakan gemar menabung pada siswa. Kegiatan PKM telah berlangsung selama 10 bulan dari Mei 2023 hingga Februari 2024. Tim pengbadi memberikan pembekalan tentang aspek kesehatan reproduksi pada guru-guru wanita dan penyuluhan tentang perilaku bersih dan sehat pada siswa-siswa SD. Selain itu, siswa-siswa SD juga dibekali penyuluhan gerakan gemar menabung. Hasil evaluasi nilai pre dan posttest pada mitra berturut-turut sebesar 42 poin dan 10 poin setelah dilakukan evaluasi atas penyuluhan kegiatan reproduksi dan pneyuluhan tenang PHBS dan gerakan gemar menabung. Pada pelaksanan PKM, tim pengabdi memberikan bantuan langsung yang dibutuhkan mitra berupa tong sampah, bak mencuci tangan, alat tensi meter, kotak P3K, timbangan dan tinggi badan, serta lima puluh souvenir celengan untuk siswa dan uang tunai sebesar dua puluh ribu per anak. Hasil monitoring dan evaluasi menunjukkan mitra sudah menggunakan bantuan alat yang diberikan dengan baik dan menerapkan PHBS dengan baik. Luaran dari kegiatan ini akan dipublikasikan jurnal nasional Community Service Journal dengan nomor E-ISSN: 2654-9379 dan P-ISSN: 2654-9360 dan video kegiatan berdurasi 4 menit.
Phytochemical and Toxicity Analysis of Sonneratia alba Mangrove Leaf Extract using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method Arta, Ni Kadek Dewi Asri Tiara; Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.443-448

Abstract

Mangroves are plants that contain various secondary metabolites with various potential pharmacological activities, one of which is cytotoxic activity. However, researchers have not extensively explored the evidence of secondary metabolite compounds and their toxicity effects in mangrove plants. This research aims to determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds and the toxicity of the leaf extract of the Sonneratia alba mangrove plant in the Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park (TAHURA), Bali. In this experimental research, compound extraction was carried out using a maceration technique for 2x24 hours using two types of solvents, namely methanol and n-hexane. Phytochemical tests were carried out using qualitative methods and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while the toxicity test used was the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. Potassium dichromate and sea water without extract were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The LC50 value was calculated using probit analysis in Microsoft Excel. Phytochemical test results showed that the methanol extract contains phenol, saponin, tannin, and steroid compounds. Meanwhile, n-hexane extract only contains steroid compounds. GC-MS analysis showed that the compounds with the largest area percentages in the methanol and n-hexane extracts were 1,2,3-benzenetriol (3.94%) and n-hexadecenoic acid (2.41%), respectively. Based on the LC50 value, the methanol extract of S. alba mangrove leaves was moderately toxic (178.17 ppm), while the n-hexane extract was weakly toxic (567.23 ppm). The results of this study provide information that the type of chemical solvent has a major influence on the level of toxicity of S. alba leaf extract, with polar methanol solvent providing the highest toxicity effect compared to nonpolar n-hexane solvent.
Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity of Impatiens balsamina L. Leaf Extracts Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Fridayanthi, Putu Utari; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Udiyani, Desak Putu Citra; Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede; Setiabudy, Marta
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.327-335

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic resistance as one of the global public health threats makes research on new antibacterial compounds urgently needed. Among natural resources, the Impatiens balsamina plant has the potential to be explored as the new source of antibacterial agents. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical composition and evaluate the antibacterial activity of I. balsamina leaf extracts against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Extracts were prepared using the maceration method with methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane solvents at a 1:5 sample-to-solvent ratio. Phytochemical screening was performed qualitatively, and antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion assay. Analysis of methanol extract detected the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, steroids, and glycosides, while chloroform extract consisted of tannins, phenols, and steroids. On the other hand, steroids were the only compounds detected qualitatively in n-hexane extract. Antibacterial testing revealed that methanol extract exhibited the highest activity, with zones of inhibition (ZOI) of 15.10±0.18 mm, 9.40±0.30 mm, 14.75±1.28 mm, and 8.67±0.50 mm against Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, respectively. A concentration-dependent ZOI was observed in the methanol extract, with activity increasing at higher concentrations. GC-MS analysis of the methanol extract identified 32 compounds, including n-hexadecanoic acid (12.12%), 2-acetylbenzoic acid (8.26%), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (8.21%), and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (4.67%), which are known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Chloroform extract showed moderate activity against S. mutans (7.04±0.15 mm) and S. aureus (7.10±0.31 mm), while n-hexane extract exhibited no antibacterial activity. The significant antibacterial activity of methanol extract is likely due to its rich phytochemical composition, highlighting methanol as an effective solvent for extracting bioactive compounds. These findings provide a strong foundation for further exploration of I. balsamina leaf extracts as a source of antibacterial agents.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY SCREENING OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES ASSOCIATED WITH SEAWEEDS Caulerpa lentillifera AR, Sunthio Barran Cia; Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede; Widhidewi, Ni Wayan; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Antara, Kadek Lila; Choe, Daegeun
Meditory : The Journal of Medical Laboratory Vol 13, No 1 (2025): Meditory, Volume 13 No. 1 Tahun 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33992/meditory.v13i1.4051

Abstract

Background: Caulerpa lentillifera is a species of green algae that has been cultivated widely in Indonesia for its nutritional contents and health benefit. This seaweed builds a strong association with bacterial community which play an important role in synthesizing various secondary metabolites including antibacterial activity. Aims:The research aim to explore the symbiotic relationship between C. lentillifera and its associated bacterial community, focusing on the potential of these bacteria to produce antibacterial metabolites.Methods:Bacterial cultivation was performed on three different media namely nutrient agar, plate count agar, and zobell marine agar. The obtained bacterial isolates were identified morphologically and subsequently were screened for their antibacterial activity based on perpendicular cross streak method against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603. Results: 20 out of 28 bacterial isolates inhibited against at least one of the bacterial targets. Bacterial isolate encoded as NAR9 showed as the most promising bacterial isolates with length inhibition of 19 mm against S. mutans FNCC 0405. Amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragment of the NAR9 bacterial isolate followed by Sanger sequencing showed that the isolate NAR9 has been phylogenetically related to Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus. Conclusion: Overall, this research provides a preliminary result of the untapped potential of bacteria associated with C. lentillifera as the source of antibacterial activity. 
Antibacterial Activity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ISP1RL3 Against Multidrug Resistance Bacteria Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede; Purnami, Pande Putu Christine Putri; Aryastuti, Anak Agung Sri Agung; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 9 No 12 (2023): December
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.5643

Abstract

Seaweed-associated bacteria have a pivotal role to synthesize arrays of secondary metabolites. This study described a bacterial isolate encoded as ISP1RL3 that was isolated from seaweed Eucheuma cottonii. Ethyl acetate extracts of ISP1RL3 was screened against non-multidrug bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603) and multi-drug resistance bacteria (Methicilin-resistance S. aureus (MRSA), E. coli ESBL, K. pneumoniae ESBL, dan A.baumanii ESBL). Our result showed that ISP1RL3 displayed rod structure, Gram negative and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The crude extract displayed strong antibacterial activity against all bacterial test with the range zone of inhibition of 10 mm – 18 mm. The GC-MS analysis detected the presence of 13 antibacterial compounds with four dominant moleculer were o-Xylene, Ethylbenzene, p-Xylene and Benzene, 1,3-dimethyl. Overall, this finding highlights the potency of seaweed-associated bacteria to synthesize active compounds against multidrug resistance bacteria.
Phytochemical Screening and Blood Glucose Response of Red Dragon Fruit Extract in Alloxan-Induced Mice Pratiwi, I Gusti Agung Istri Mas Dianti; Maharani, Ni Putu Ayu Dian; Kirana, Ni Made Asthi Pramesti; Utari, Putu Nadya Asti; Arthayasa, I Gede Ngurah Bagus; Evayanti, Luh Gde; Wijaya, Made Dharmesti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1165-1169

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, which can lead to various complications. Natural products, including red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus), have gained attention for their potential antidiabetic properties due to their phytochemical content, particularly flavonoids. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition of red dragon fruit extract and its effect on blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Phytochemical screening was conducted qualitatively to identify the presence of secondary metabolites. Male mice were divided into five groups: a negative control group (no treatment), a positive control group (metformin 10 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups (T1, T2, T3) receiving red dragon fruit extract at doses of 18.2, 36.4, and 72.8 mg/kg BW, respectively. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (140 mg/kg BW). Treatments were administered orally once daily for 6 days. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 0, 2, 4, and 6. Data were analyzed using the Friedmann test. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins in the extract. Statistical analysis showed no significant reduction in blood glucose levels after administration of red dragon fruit extract at any of the tested doses (p>0.05). Red dragon fruit extract did not exhibit a significant antihyperglycemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic mice under the tested conditions. This may be attributed to suboptimal dosage, insufficient flavonoid concentration, or a less effective mechanism of action compared to standard therapy. Further studies are needed to optimize the formulation and evaluate its potential using different extraction methods or in combination with other bioactive compounds.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Sri Agung Aryastuti AR, Sunthio Barran Cia Arta, Ni Kadek Dewi Asri Tiara Arthayasa, I Gede Ngurah Bagus Choe, Daegeun Desak Gede Pradnyaniti Dwiputra, Made Wahyu Dharma Eka Putri Rusyanthini Fridayanthi, Putu Utari Ida Ayu Agung Idawati Indraningrat, Anak Agung Gede Kadek Lila Antara Kirana, Ni Made Asthi Pramesti Kirtanayasa, I Gede Yoga Ayuning Komang Trisna Komalasari Luh Gde Evayanti Luh Putu Suci Sri Sunarti Maharani, Ni Putu Ayu Dian Pratiwi, I Gusti Agung Istri Mas Dianti Purnami, Pande Putu Christine Putri Setiabudy, Marta Surya, Putu Rissa Almadea Udiyani, Desak Putu Citra Utari, Putu Nadya Asti Widhidewi, Ni Wayan Witari, Ni Putu Diah