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MEMETAKAN KEBHINEKAAN DALAM KONTINUM DESTRUKSI DAN KONSTRUKSI PEMIKIRAN AWAL MENGENAI PERAN PSIKOLOGI DALAM MENGELOLA KEBHINEKAAN MENJADI SINERGI Poerwandari, Kristi
Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia No 01 (2008): Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia No.1, 2008
Publisher : Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Kebhinekaan adalah keniscayaan hidup yang berpotensi memunculkan konflik, kadang dengan implikasi lanjutan hingga bentuknya yang paling parah, menyakitkan dan menghancurkan. Meski demikian, menyeragamkan manusia atau membunuh kebhinekaan juga berarti membunuh esensi kehidupan yang terdalam itu sendiri. Bagaimana mengelola kebhinekaan menjadi sinergi? Untuk sampai pada jawaban memuaskan kita masih harus melalui jalan yang amat sangat panjang. (1) Perlu membedah dan memetakan terlebih dulu mengapa kelompok manusia yang berbeda-beda dapat saling menghancurkan melalui kekejaman yang paling durjana, dan itu berarti kembali pada teori-teori psikologi yang paling dasar mulai dari persepsi, emosi, kognisi dan kesadaran diri, serta bentukannya lebih lanjut seperti generalisasi, pengembangan prasangka hingga ke mekanisme pertahanan diri secara pribadi maupun kelompok. Sangat penting pula membedah peran konteks sosial dari yang paling mikro hingga paling makro. (2) Kemudian kita belajar dari kasus-kasus individu dan kelompok yang mampu mengedepankan penyelesaian konflik tanpa perendahan atau kekerasan terhadap kelompok lain, dan atau mampu secara otentik mencurahkan kepedulian pada kelompok lain. (3) Kesenjangan antara (a) konflik dan prasangka antar kelompok dan (b) kasus-kasus unik yang mampu mengedepankan kepedulian, penghormatan dan perdamaian perlu diisi dengan dikembangkannya pemikiran konseptual yang utuh-terintegrasi hingga terapannya yang paling konkrit mengenai bagaimana mengelola kebhinekaan menjadi sinergi. Tentang hal ini, diperlukan cara pandang yang utuh mengenai manusia dengan dimensi-dimensi hidupnya yang berjenjang hingga tingkatan tertingginya sebagai makhluk moral dan spiritual. Secara ringkasnya, untuk sementara pendekatan yang dicoba ditawarkan adalah psikologi holistik yang multidisipliner. Di dalamnya disertakan cara berpikir psikoanalisis sosial, psikologi kognitif dan psikologi belajar, di bawah payung psikologi eksistensial yang kuat mengakui peran konteks sosial-politik serta agama dan spiritualitas dalam perilaku manusia sebagai pribadi maupun kelompok.Kata kunci: kebhinekaan, destruksi, konstruksi, masyarakat plural, kontras budaya.
The Role of Perceived Social and Spiritual Support and Depression to Health-related Quality of Life on Patients with SLE Suci Nugraha; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari; Dharmayati Utoyo Lubis
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol 9, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1797.056 KB) | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v9i3.8803

Abstract

Belief in the availability of social support (perceived social support) was known to influence depression and health-related quality of life in SLE patients. This support becomes a psychological resource when they experience negative emotional states such as depression caused by a chronic illness such as SLE. In people whose lives are influenced by religion, such as in Indonesian culture, belief in God's help (perceived spiritual support) is an important variable that needs to be studied because it is predicted to affect patients’ health-related quality of life. This study aims to explain the relationship between perceived social support, spiritual support, and depression to health-related quality of life in a patient with SLE. This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2021 towards 328 SLE patients selected using the convenient sampling technique. Data was collected through forms that are distributed online and offline. The research sample was SLE patients who were members of a lupus community in Indonesia and lived in several cities in Java. The statistical analysis using a structural model (CMIN/df=103, RMSEA=0.103, CFI=0.972, TLI=0.963). Chi-square value=201,835 (p=0.000) suggested that perceived social support directly affected the level of depression and health-related quality of life on a patient with SLE, while perceived spiritual support affected the health-related quality of life through the mediation of depression, which means that spiritual support affected the quality of life by reducing negative emotions experienced by SLE patients. PERAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL, SPIRITUAL, DAN DEPRESI TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP TERKAIT KESEHATAN PASIEN SLEKeyakinan akan ketersediaan dukungan sosial (perceived social support) diketahui memengaruhi depresi dan kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan pada pasien SLE. Dukungan ini diyakini menjadi sumber daya psikologis saat individu berada dalam kondisi emosi yang negatif seperti depresi yang disebabkan oleh penyakit kronis seperti SLE. Pada masyarakat yang kehidupannya dipengaruhi oleh agama seperti di Indonesia, keyakinan akan pertolongan Tuhan (perceived spiritual support) merupakan variabel penting yang perlu dipelajari karena diprediksi memengaruhi kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan mekanisme hubungan antara perceived social support, spiritual support, dan depresi terhadap kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan pasien SLE. Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan dari Maret hingga Juni 2021 pada 328 pasien SLE yang dipilih dengan convinient sampling technique. Data dikumpulkan melalui formulir yang disebarkan secara daring dan luring. Sampel penelitian merupakan pasien SLE yang tergabung dalam suatu komunitas lupus dan berdomisili di beberapa kota di pulau Jawa. Hasil analisis statistik dengan model struktural (CMIN/df=103; RMSEA=0,103; CFI=0,972; TLI=0,963). Nilai chi-square=201.835 (p=0,000) memperlihatkan bahwa perceived social support berpengaruh secara langsung pada tingkat depresi dan kualitas hidup pasien SLE. Sementara itu, perceived spiritual support memengaruhi kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan melalui mediasi depresi yang berarti bahwa spiritual support memengaruhi kualitas hidup dengan mengurangi kondisi emosi negatif yang dirasakan oleh pasien SLE.
Integrasi terapi kognitif perilaku dengan terapi syukur untuk menangani individu dengan gangguan simtom somatik dengan fitur kepribadian schizoid-avoidant: Studi kasus Karina Devany; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat Vol 7 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24854/jpu127

Abstract

This study presents a brief treatment report of a 22-year-old-female, with a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder and exacerbated by schizoid-avoidant personality features. Both conditions induced anxiety and many other difficulties in her functioning. Her negative self-views were the main issues that led to excessive negative emotionality, both internally (somatization) and externally (interpersonal relationship difficulties). The purpose of this case report is to illustrate an integrated treatment process consisting of cognitive-behavioral therapy and gratitude therapy. Gratitude therapy helps to alter the preoccupation of negative perspectives. Conclusions on the effectiveness of treatment were interpreted with an eye on the study’s methodological limitations.
“Are You One of Us?” Points of Social Exclusion amongst Youths of Diverse Religious Groups in Indonesia Roosalina Wulandari; E. Kristi Poerwandari
Humaniora Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): Humaniora
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/humaniora.v12i3.7036

Abstract

Deriving from basis of the social identity theory and its development, the research aimed to explore the points of exclusion and how individuals and groups perceived themselves as experiencing victimhood of social injustice. The rise of intolerance in Indonesia was alarming and threatened the diversity and inclusivity of the nation. Throughout several political milestones such as gubernatorial and presidential elections, identity had been used as one of the most efficient ways to segregate and discriminate against people belonging to different groups. Applying a qualitative approach, data were mined from two focus group discussions of university student respondents with various religious and ethnic backgrounds representing the majority and minority groups in Indonesia. Groups sessions were strictly differentiated between majority and minority representatives to minimize the risk of potential conflict. The findings suggest that both groups’ initial perceptions towards members of outgroups are heavily influenced by transferred stereotypes and prejudices from the older generations. While the majority group struggles to counter the prejudices and perceived victimhood through direct exposure, the minority group, on the other hand, takes language into account as a subtle gesture of exclusion.
Perceived Changes Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Sexual Activity, Sexual Satisfaction, and Life Satisfaction among Indonesian Adults Astridiah Primacita Ramadhani; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Humaniora Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): Humaniora
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/humaniora.v13i1.7492

Abstract

he research sought to find out more about the perceived changes and relationships between sexual activities, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction of sexually active Indonesian adults before the pandemic (February 2019 - February 2020) and during the pandemic (March 2020 - June 2020). The research applied a cross-sectional method. An online questionnaire was conducted once in June 2020 to collect the data from 1.006 samples aged 18 to 64. Analysis using paired sample t-test shows a significant decrease due to the COVID-19 pandemic in various sexual activities, including cuddling, non-penetrative sex, masturbation sex, oral sex, and penetrative sex, but not in sexting. The results also show a significant decrease in sexual and life satisfaction due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction are positively and significantly correlated in sexually active Indonesian adults. The results of the research indicate that sexual life is still an important aspect, especially when dealing with stressful life events such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
DISCOURSE ON ‘FEMALE CHASTITY’ AS RATIONALIZATION TO JUSTIFY SEXUAL OFFENSE: Qualitative Case Study of Male Sexual Transgressors Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari; Adriana Soekandar; Lathifah Hanum
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 16 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v16i3.35

Abstract

The present qualitative study explores the rationalization of 24(twenty-four) men reported to the police of conducting sexual offense, to justify their sexual offense or transgression. Denials vary from absolute denial, minimization, such as claiming of having mutual consent sex, denial of victim harm, and a rarer phenomenon but apparent in two subjects, a kind of depersonalization. More specific denials relate to gender-based rationalization is prevalent, such as having unharmonious relationship with wife therefore they need other women for sexual outlet, or the girls are not ‘good girl’. Very strong rationalization is related to the discourse on ‘female chastity’ in which offenders justify their behavior as OK since their target subjects are not ‘good girls’, be evidenced by they are not virgin anymore, hang out at night, or have relation with other men. Offenders who are in relationships with their victims need to prove the chastity of their female partner, or felt suspicious and angry about the past relationships of the girls therefore forcing sex or conducting sexual assault. Offender might adopt a ‘professional’, a ‘hero’, a ‘revenger’ as well as a ‘victim’ role. All cannot be separated from the cultural context of Indonesia and are explaining the beliefs of male offenders about men as superior and having authority over women. Keywords: sexual offense; female chastity; cultural context
Studi Kasus: Penggunaan Integrasi Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) dan Expressive Writing pada Individu dengan Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD) Agung Rachmadi; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku Vol 4 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jip.4.1.20-42.2020

Abstract

Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is known as strong evidence-based therapy used in handling various psychological complaints experienced by individuals. In addition, expressive writing is also known as an effective approach given to individuals who experience painful events and cause severe distress. One significant life event that can cause distress is the death of the closest person, known as grieving. Grieving becomes a nuisance when it causes an intense and prolonged sadness and manifested in daily functioning problems of the individual. This is known as persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD). This single case study study aimed to explain the use of CBT integrated with expressive writing in dealing with PCBD during five meeting sessions. Through intervention CBT and expressive writing, R, who was initially confused why she always feels sad for no reason, had no interest in activity, and felt lost her direction toward life, began to be able to identify and regulate her emotions, could return to engage to her daily activities, and foster interest in finding work again. In addition, R began to have an insight that she needed to regulate grieving which she had been avoiding. Keywords: CBT, Expressive Writing, Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder
The Content Analysis of Rorschach in Attesting the Sex Offenders Lathifah Hanum; Alfath Hanifah Megawati; Cantyo Atindriyo Dannisworo; Bona Sardo Hasoloan Hutahaean; E. Kristi Poerwandari
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 48, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (180.543 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpsi.66614

Abstract

The Rorschach test is one of the psychological tests widely used in various assessment settings, including in studies related to sexual offenses. However, such research is scarce, although the level of sexual violence in Indonesia increases yearly. Sexual violence is often associated with the sexual drives that humans have in themselves. In this case, Rorschach can provide an overview of the individual's drives, ideas, and social relationships. The current study aims to find the personality profiles of sex offenders. Therefore, this study collected Rorschach data from 46 male sex offenders over 11 years in Depok City, Indonesia. Based on content analysis, this study found several prominent characteristics of sex offenders, such as exhibited difficulties in adaptation due to low intellectual capacity, poor emotional regulation, and empathy that other causes difficulty to build strong relationships with others. They also suppress sexual urges, but they were more likely to express it impulsively with low intellectual capacity and emotional regulation. These various personality characteristics possessed by sex offenders will undoubtedly impact the intervention process they go through to gain insight from their experience. The results are expected to be an input for developing interventions for sex offenders not to repeat their actions in the future.
Perkawinan Heteroseksual sebagai Bentuk Coping Religius: Studi Kasus pada Seorang Laki-Laki Kristen dengan Ketertarikan Seksual Sesama Jenis Teresa Indira Andani; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Intheos Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30648/dun.v8i2.1188

Abstract

Abstract. Not all individuals with same-sex sexual attraction want to express their sexual orientation, there are individuals who actually want to build a heterosexual marriage. There are various reasons that encourage this, including quite a lot of intentions to avoid the social stigma of being an individual with same-sex sexual attraction. However, various studies have revealed that there are positive reasons for marriage, one of which is religiosity. This research was a qualitative research using a case study method on a case of heterosexual marriage as a form of religious coping for a Christian man who identifies himself as religious with same-sex sexual attraction. The study showed that religiosity forms adaptive meanings for him to commit to living married life as a form of religious coping.Abstrak. Tidak semua individu dengan ketertarikan seksual sesama jenis ingin mengekspresikan orientasi seksualnya. Ada individu yang justru ingin membangun perkawinan heteroseksual. Ada berbagai alasan yang mendorong hal tersebut, seperti cukup banyak yang niatnya untuk menghindari stigma sosial sebagai individu dengan ketertarikan seksual sesama jenis. Meski begitu, berbagai penelitian telah mengungkapkan adanya alasan positif untuk menikah salah satunya adalah religiusitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus terhadap satu kasus perkawinan heteroseksual sebagai bentuk coping religius pada seorang laki-laki kristen yang mengidentifikasi dirinya sebagai religius dengan ketertarikan seksual sesama jenis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas membentuk pemaknaan adaptif bagi individu untuk membentuk komitmen menjalankan hidup perkawinan sebagai bentuk coping religius.
#ChurchToo, Kekerasan Seksual di Gereja dan Penguatan Komunitas Ruth Rosani Saiya; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani Vol 8, No 2 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Intheos Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30648/dun.v8i2.1362

Abstract

Abstract. The hashtag movement like #ChurchToo has become one of the ways for sexual violence survivors to express their experiences of sexual violence they have experienced in the church. #ChurchToo has an influence not only on the survivors' attitudes but also on the organizational and church's community. However, not all victims or survivors of sexual violence in the church can use this hashtag movement. The strong power relation between perpetrators as priests or clergy and victim make it difficult for victims to speak out. Through a literature review method, it is evident that the #ChurchToo hashtag movement does not have a holistic and transformative impact on preventing sexual violence in the church. This analysis suggests that for the prevention of sexual violence, the church organization cannot rely solely on one approach such as #ChurchToo. Other approaches need to be developed, such as strengthening the capacity of communities or congregations that are more contextual for preventing sexual violence in the church.Abstrak. Gerakan tagar seperti #ChurchToo telah menjadi salah satu cara penyintas kekerasan seksual mengungkapkan pengalaman dan bentuk-bentuk kekerasan seksual yang dialaminya di gereja. #ChurchToo memiliki pengaruh bukan saja terhadap sikap penyintas tetapi juga terhadap sikap gereja secara organisasi dan komunitasnya. Namun tidak semua korban atau penyintas kekerasan seksual di gereja dapat menggunakan gerakan tagar ini. Relasi kuasa yang kuat antara pelaku sebagai pendeta atau klerus dengan korban membuat korban tak mudah untuk berbicara. Dengan metode literatur review, terlihat bahwa gerakan tagar #ChurchToo tidak berdampak secara holistik dan transformatif untuk pencegahan kekerasan seksual di gereja. Hasil analisa ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk pencegahan kekerasan seksual, gereja secara organisasi tidak dapat menggunakan satu pendekatan seperti #ChurchToo saja. Perlu pula dikembangkan pendekatan lainnya, seperti penguatan kapasitas komunitas atau jemaat yang lebih kontekstual untuk langkah-langkah pencegahan kekerasan seksual di gereja.