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Development of Battery Materials to Function as Corrosion Protection on Car Body Plates Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Sulistijono, Sulistijono; Adrinanda, Noval; Dharma, Faridz Wira; Areliano, Samuel
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 1, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Most car bodies made for mass production are made from steel or aluminum. Both are strong metals, but steel is cheaper than aluminum and is more commonly used in lower-end cars for a broader consumer range. The weakness of steel compared to aluminum is that it is susceptible to corrosion under certain conditions, and thus it may deteriorate over time without proper care. To prevent corrosion, modern cars are coated with paint to prevent direct contact with the environment. As a second line of protection, a car battery can be connected to the body to create an impressed current cathodic protection circuit. In this study, a steel sample from the car body is connected to an ICCP or impressed current cathodic protection circuit with a small 12v battery and a graphite anode. The specimen's paint layers are removed through grinding and tested in water, wet soil, and open air. The specimens in water and wet soil experienced minimum corrosion during the testing period, while the ones in open air experienced significant corrosion products on the surface. Overall, due to the small specimen size compared to battery output, all specimens experience a case of overprotection of up to -5516 mv in wet soil and -2666 mv in water. Due to limitations, we are unable to do proper measurements in the open-air environment.
UJI EFISIENSI ANODA KORBAN PADUAN ALUMINIUM DAN ZINC MENGGUNAKAN STANDAR UJI DNV RP-B401 TERHADAP VARIASI TEMPERATUR ELEKTROLIT Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Sulistijono , Sulistijono; Kusuma, Willy Deviet; Sitorus , Grace Aghata
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 15 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v15i2.1503

Abstract

Corrosion is a decrease in metal quality caused by electrochemical reactions with the surrounding environment. Corrosion is destructive, dangerous, and can cause great losses. Corrosion cannot be stopped but its rate can be controlled. There are many methods that can be used to control the rate of corrosion, one of them is the sacrificial anode cathodic protection. Protection of anode cathodic sacrificial utilizes the principle of a galvanic cell where the metal will be protected or the cathode has a higher potential otherwise the metal will be sacrificed or the anode has a lower potential value. One of the standard practices used to design cathodic protection is DNV RP-B401. By carrying out tests according to the DNV RP-B401 standard, then it can be seen the value of the efficiency of the sacrificial anode working on cathode protection. The efficiency of the sacrificial anode needed to be known to measure the performance of the sacrificial anode in providing protection to the metal to be protected. This research was conducted to determine the effect of differences in electrolyte temperature on the efficiency values of aluminum alloy and Zinc alloy sacrificial anodes. In this study the feasibility test was carried out using electrolyte temperature variations, namely at temperatures of 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 35°C. the efficiency results obtained in aluminum alloys for temperatures of 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C were 88.6%, 80.66%, 76.55% and 63.23%. Then for the Zinc alloys with the same temperature variations were 92.95%, 90.39%, 88.15%, and 77.24%.
ANALYSIS THE EFFECTS OF YTTERBIUM RARE EARTH ON THE CORROSION RATE OF SACRIFICIAL ANODE ALUMINIUM IN SEAWATER ENVIRONMENT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE Nurdiansyah, Faisal; Pribadi, Bima Tegar; Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Kurniawan, Budi Agung
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 15 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v15i1.1519

Abstract

Corrosion is a degradation process on metal that happen naturally. Corrosion is one of the most common problems in the industry, resulting the corrosion prevention much needed to increase the lifetime of a material. One of the methods of corrosion prevention is cathodic protection using a sacrificial anode. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of ytterbium rare earth to the corrosion rate of sacrificial anode aluminium in seawater environment. In this research, the ytterbium rare earth used using variety of 14%, 21%, and 22%. The alloy was made using a casting process with a mini furnace, and was characterized using XRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, and Metallographic Tests. Then an immersion test was carried out for 10 days and a tafel test using the Corrtest tool and the CS Studio5 application. The electrolyte solution used is 3.5% NaCl and SCE as a reference electrode. The results show that as the element Ytterbium(Yb) increases, the grain size becomes smaller and finer. This is because Ytterbium(Yb) has a role as a grain refiner. Based on the results of the corrosion rate calculation, the lowest corrosion rate value was sample B with a Yb percentage of 21%, which had a corrosion rate value of 0.005 mm/year on the tafel test. Whereas for the 10-day immersion test, the lowest corrosion rate value was also obtained from sample B with a Yb percentage of 21%, namely 1.030 mm/year. The addition of the element Ytterbium(Yb) decreases the potential value of the sacrificial anode in seawater at room temperature with 22% Al-Yb alloy which has a potential value of the criterion of -821mV, so that only 22% Al-Yb alloy can protect the cathode.
PEMETAAN KOROSIFITAS ATMOSFER MENGGUNAKAN LOGAM BAJA KARBON RENDAH DAN KARBON TINGGI PADA WILAYAH KOTA SURABAYA Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Noerochim, Lukman; Sulistijono, Sulistijono; Achly, Fariza Hafizh; Tanjung, Rifqi Aulia
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v14i3.1653

Abstract

Corrosion of metals is inevitable. One of the factors that affect corrosion is environmental conditions that contain pollutants like SO2, NO2, and Cl- which are found in many industrial and seaside areas. Surabaya is an area that has 2 types of conditions. In addition, Surabaya is the capital of the province where infrastructure development is running rapidly. Thus, this study maps the level of atmospheric corrosion in five areas in Surabaya by collecting corrosion rate data for 4 months with weight loss method using AISI 1020 Steel and SK5 Steel as test metals. XRD and SEM-EDX tests were conducted to compare the corrosion results. The average corrosion rate of low carbon steel was 0,6561 mpy and high carbon steel was 1,2523 mpy. The results concluded that the high level of atmospheric corrosivity of low carbon steel is in Sukomanunggal, Bulak, Rungkut, Pakal, Krembangan, and Bubutan sub-districts. The medium level is in Tegalsari, Gubeng, Tenggilis Mejoyo, Karang Pilang, Jambangan, Sawahan, and Dukuh Pakis sub-districts. The low level is in Lakarsantri, Mulyorejo, Simokerto, Sambikerep, Genteng, and Wonokromo sub-districts. Meanwhile, high atmospheric corrosivity levels for high carbon steel are in Krembangan, Karang Pilang, Bulak, Tenggilis Mejoyo, Pakal, and Jambangan sub-districts. The medium level is in Rungkut, Sawahan, Bubutan, Wonokromo, Tegalsari, Sukomanunggal, and Lakarsantri sub-districts. The level is in Dukuh Pakis, Genteng, Gubeng, Simokerto, Sambikerep, and Mulyorejo sub-districts. This mapping is based on the level of corrosion in each sub-district which is influenced by the presence of industry and its geographical location.
ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIASI HOLDING TIME ANNEALING TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI TITANIUM PADA LARUTAN CAIRAN TUBUH SINTETIS Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Noerochim, Lukman; Sulistijono, Sulistijono; Luthfiansyah, Candra Rizki; Tanjung, Rifqi Aulia
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 14 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v14i3.1654

Abstract

Biomaterials are crucial for bone implants due to their biocompatible and inert nature, ensuring no adverse effects within the human body. Titanium is renowned for its exceptional corrosion resistance. This research aims to analyze the impact of annealing holding time and pH of synthetic body fluid on the hardness and corrosion rate of titanium. The annealing process was performed at 700°C, with holding times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes. As an electrolyte medium, a Hanks' solution with pH variations of 4, 6, and 8 was used and maintained at 37°C. Potentiodynamic corrosion testing demonstrated the lowest corrosion rate in specimens treated with 30 minutes of annealing at pH 8, measuring 0.32 x 10-2 mmpy. The 30-minute annealing exhibited the lowest corrosion rate, which was confirmed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) results showing a higher Rp value, indicating a lower corrosion rate. This is attributed to the presence of a passive Rutile TiO2 layer formed during the annealing process, as confirmed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Metallography observations indicated that the microstructure of untreated specimens consisted of α and β phases. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of specimens annealed for 30 minutes revealed an oxide layer on the surface without any visible pores. However, an increase in annealing holding time led to the formation of pores, particularly noticeable after 90 minutes of annealing. The presence of pores in the oxide layer resulted in an increased corrosion rate with longer annealing holding times. Conversely, hardness testing demonstrated that longer annealing holding times resulted in higher hardness values.
Pelayanan Pengujian Polyurethane Di Laboratorium Korosi dan Baterai Material Departemen Teknik Material dan Metalurgi FTIRS-ITS Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Sulistijono, Sulistijono; Amrulloh, M. Farian; Fachri, Muhammad
Jurnal KeDayMas: Kemitraan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Juli 2024
Publisher : Research Center and Community Services (PPPM) Universitas Hayam Wuruk "Perbanas" Surabaya

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Abstract

Polyurethane is a versatile polymeric material widely used as a substitute for rubber, metal, wood, and plastic due to its flexibility and multifunctional properties. To ensure the quality and reliability of polyurethane produced by the industry, the Corrosion and Battery Laboratory of the Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering at FTIRS-ITS conducted comprehensive testing. The tests included compression, shear, density, closed cell content (porosity), and thermal conductivity evaluations. The results showed that the polyurethane tested performed satisfactorily, exceeding the standard in several parameters. Compression testing yielded 2.46 kg/cm² compared to the standard of 2 kg/cm². Shear testing showed 6.63 kg/cm² against the standard of 4 kg/cm². Density testing recorded 49 kg/m³ with a standard of 45 kg/m³. The closed cell content test indicated 91.01% versus the standard of 90%. However, thermal conductivity testing showed 0.2 W/mK at 25°C, differing from the standard of 0.02 W/mK at 20°C. Overall, these results suggest that the tested polyurethane meets and exceeds most quality standards, demonstrating its reliability for various industrial applications. Through these tests, the Materials Chemistry Laboratory contributes to ensuring locally produced industrial products are competitive and reliable, as part of its community service efforts.
Pelayanan pengujian kekuatan pipa HDPE di Laboratorium Kimia Material Departemen Teknik Material dan Metalurgi FTIRS-ITS Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Sulistijono, Sulistijono; Amrulloh, M. Farian; Nafi’, Dian; Fachri, Muhammad
Penamas: Journal of Community Service Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Penamas: Journal of Community Service
Publisher : Nur Science Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53088/penamas.v4i1.869

Abstract

HDPE pipes are widely used in various industries, such as drinking water and sewage infrastructure, petroleum, agriculture, and construction. The advantages of HDPE pipes include corrosion resistance, light weight, easy installation, and low maintenance costs. Checking the quality of HDPE pipes, spesifically from industry that we tested, is important to ensure infrastructure safety, prevent system failure, improve operational efficiency, obtain user satisfaction, and conserve resources. We evaluated HDPE pipes with type PN 12.5 SDR 13.6 from industry in terms of resistance to hydrostatic pressure, tensile strength, and expansion capability. The evaluation was carried out at the Material Chemistry Laboratory of the Department of Material Engineering and Metallurgy FTIRS-ITS ITS in accordance with the standards of SNI 4829.2: 2015, ASTM D 638 M, and SNI 2553: 1999. The results show that HDPE pipes can withstand hydrostatic pressure up to 12 bar without leakage. The average tensile strength is 43.34 MPa with an average elongation of 354%, indicating ductile pipe properties with necking. Pipe expansion was observed to be 0.195%, indicating a good ability of the pipe to undergo expansion.
Pemetaan Tingkat Korosifitas Atmosfer di Wilayah Kota Surabaya dengan Indikator Baja Galvalum rohmannudin, tubagus noor; Ragha Radithya Noer Putra; Sulistijono
Jurnal Permadi : Perancangan, Manufaktur, Material dan Energi Vol 7 No 02 (2025): JURNAL PERMADI: PERANCANGAN, MANUFAKTUR, MATERIAL DAN ENERGI
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Putra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52005/permadi.v7i02.205

Abstract

This study maps the levels of atmospheric corrosion in five regions of Surabaya. The metal used is 55% Al-Zn galvalume steel frame with three types: hollow. The exposure period was 150 days, and the corrosion rate was calculated using the weight loss method. XRD testing, metallography, and visual inspections were also conducted to compare the results across the five regions. The study concludes that a high level of atmospheric corrosivity for 55% Al-Zn galvalume steel of the hollow-type 55% Al-Zn galvalume steel, high atmospheric corrosivity was observed in Rungkut (1.07 x 10⁻¹ mpy), Bulak (8.70 x 10⁻² mpy), Asemrowo (7.94 x 10⁻² mpy), Kenjeran (6.76 x 10⁻² mpy), and Pabean Cantikan (6.16 x 10⁻² mpy). Moderate levels were found in Jambangan (5.92 x 10⁻² mpy), Sukolilo (5.75 x 10⁻² mpy), Pakal (5.46 x 10⁻² mpy), Wonokromo (5.38 x 10⁻² mpy), and Tandes (5.30 x 10⁻² mpy). Low levels were observed in Gubeng (5.28 x 10⁻² mpy), Wiyung (4.87 x 10⁻² mpy), Simokerto (4.69 x 10⁻² mpy), Bubutan (4.28 x 10⁻² mpy), and Tegalsari (3.69 x 10⁻² mpy). The mapping was carried out based on the corrosion rate in each sub-district within the exposure area. These corrosion rates were influenced by the presence of industrial activity in the respective sub-districts, as well as their geographic location.
Pendampingan pembuatan alat pengering ikan untuk nelayan di Kawasan Pantai Gresik Rohmannudin, Tubagus Noor; Sulistijono, Sulistijono; Satrianugraha, Rifqi Fernady
Tintamas: Jurnal Pengabdian Indonesia Emas Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Tintamas: Jurnal Pengabdian Indonesia Emas
Publisher : Nur Science Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53088/tintamas.v2i2.2167

Abstract

The objective of this community engagement activity is to support the improvement of the economic well-being of coastal fishermen in the Gresik area. This initiative is based on the need to preserve fish by reducing its moisture content, thereby inhibiting the growth and proliferation of bacteria (microorganisms) and extending the shelf life of the fish. One of the most common preservation methods is drying. Traditionally, fish drying is conducted using direct solar exposure. However, this method is unhygienic, as the fish is exposed to contamination from insects, birds, and other animals. Additionally, it is prone to dust and cannot be carried out during rainy conditions, which delays the drying process and affects productivity. These challenges have led to the idea of designing and developing a fish drying device using an indirect active solar drying method. Therefore, the Corrosion and Battery Laboratory of the Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (DTMM FTIRS – ITS), took the initiative to carry out a community service program focused on the development of a fish drying device through a participatory-collaborative mentoring approach with fishermen in the coastal area of Gresik. As a result of this program, a functional fish drying device was produced, and the local fishermen are now able to utilize it effectively.