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All Journal Insignia: Journal of International Relations Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Jurnal Industri Pariwisata Sahabat Sosial: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin
Hendra Manurung, Hendra
International Relations, Faculty of Humaniora, President University Ki Hajar Dewantara Road, Jababeka Cikarang, Bekasi 17550, West Java - Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Nursing Social Sciences

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Journal : JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin

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Kebangkitan Ekonomi Rusia Pasca-Uni Soviet: Studi Kasus Reformasi Kepemimpinan Putin Subiantoro, Yudi; Manurung, Hendra; Pannyiwi, Rahmat
JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin (Oktober)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/jimad.v2i1.528

Abstract

The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, followed by the transition to an open market economy in Russia presented various economic and political dynamics. Boris Yeltsin's leadership was, in fact, unable to solve the fundamental problems related to domestic political and economic developments, and therefore Putin's firm leadership, consistent attitudes, and centralistic decision-making began to bring Russia's progress toward a Great Power in the early 2000s. This paper aims to analytically describe the revival of the Russian economy after the collapse of the Soviet Union through Putin's leadership. Putin-era economic reforms aimed to restore national political stability and economic growth with policies of simplifying the tax system, nationalizing natural resources and optimal utilization, and reducing dependence on foreign loans. These reforms succeeded in increasing gross domestic product (GDP) growth, reducing poverty and unemployment, and attracting foreign investment. However, criticism of reliance on energy exports, corruption, and the impact of international sanctions are still systemic problems in Russia. The qualitative case study approach method is used to analyse Putin-era economic reforms and their impact on Russian economic growth. Content analysis and economic data suitability are used as data processing methods. This study contributes to the academic debate on the effectiveness of various economic development models and the state's role in the absorption of the market economy. This paper has a significant impact on efforts to maintain the balance of global and regional economic power so that it can be a reference for policymakers, investors, and international economic analysts to understand the trends and prospects of the Russian economy in the future. It is concluded that Russian leadership of President Vladimir Putin served from early 2000 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2024, then slowly began to advance his country again and slowly rose to reclaim the status of great power in the world political arena, challenging the hegemony of the West which is increasingly dominating in the international system.
The European Union's (Eu) Contribution As A Global Defense And Security Actor In The International System Sudaryono, Sudaryono; Manurung, Hendra; Pannyiwi, Rahmat
JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin (Oktober)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/jimad.v2i1.532

Abstract

History indeed has finally caught up with Europe. The European continent’s long period of relative peace from 1945 to 2022 was suppose an aberration. In any European capital today, the mood seems starkly different than before Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Suddenly, from Berlin to Brussels, leaders are racing to resuscitate their defence infrastructure and update their militaries capabilities which each dependent for too long on a U.S. security umbrella that is no longer guaranteed its sustainability. Despite the gravity of the moment, Europe’s attempts to put up a united front are like a pail with several leaks: In Belgrade, Bratislava, and Budapest, leaders friendly to the Kremlin have ridden a wave of disinformation and fearmongering to get elected or stay in power through one side propaganda. Meanwhile, the success of far-right parties in the European Parliament elections in June 2024 only added to fears about the continent’s regional stability. This research revealed Europe’s hand weakens will impact the rest of the world look to divide and conquer the European continent sooner or later.
Kehadiran Komponen Cadangan (KOMCAD) Dalam Pertahanan Negara: Implementasi Operasi Militer Selain Perang (OMSP) Sudaryono, Sudaryono; Manurung, Hendra; Pannyiwi, Rahmat
JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin (Oktober)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/jimad.v2i1.540

Abstract

The urgency of utilizing reserve components in the Total People's Defence and Security System (Sishankamrata) in Indonesia is increasingly relevant considering the vast territorial area and the complexity of future threats, from conventional military threats to natural disasters and terrorism. National defence is a form of national defence that should be maintained by the entire Indonesian nation. However, considering the limited budget and active military personnel, empowering reserve components is a strategic solution to maintain national preparedness without burdening the state budget excessively. The purpose of this study is to analyse the extent to which reserve components play a role in the national defence system and to identify emerging challenges and opportunities. This study uses a qualitative approach with an exploratory method. Data collection was carried out through data triangulation which included defence policy analysis, literature review, and semi-structured interviews with defence experts and military personnel. Data analysis used thematic analysis to identify patterns and relevance of the main themes. A comparative study was conducted by comparing the implementation of reserve components in other countries, in order to find good practices that can be adapted in the Indonesian context. The results of the study show that reserve components are not only effective in the context of budget efficiency, but also play a role in organizing non-military operations, such as: natural disaster management and supporting the implementation of domestic security operations. In conclusion, the reserve component plays a significant role in strengthening National Defence, but supporting policies related to improving training infrastructure, empowering public awareness, and generating people participation are still also needed.
The Geostorm in Great Major Power of the United States and NATO: The Impact of Climate Change to Southeast Asia Silaen, Christo Ariel Mario; Manurung, Hendra; Pannyiwi, Rahmat
JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin (April)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/jimad.v2i3.701

Abstract

This paper aims to describe analytically the geopolitical phenomenon defined as “GEOSTORM” among major powers, specifically focusing on the dynamics between the United States and NATO, and its impact on Southeast Asia landscape through climate change and environmental concerns. As global warming and environmental degradation increase, the interplay between military strategy and ecological sustainability is becoming increasingly important, with the US developing a weather control device that could cause panic worldwide. This research aims to explain how strategic decisions made by these powerful entities not only shape International Relations but also significantly affect the environmental and climate resilience policies of developing countries. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this research integrates theories of international relations, security studies, and global governance to analyze the implications of US and NATO actions on Southeast Asia's ecological landscape. The study examines important issues such as the allocation of military resources, the environmental costs of defense operations, and potential cooperation initiatives aimed at addressing climate change. Southeast Asia regions in the broader context of global governance, and this research highlights the challenges and opportunities that arise from its interactions with major powers. Therefore, by analyzing historical precedents and contemporary developments, the research aims to provide actionable insights for Southeast Asia policymakers in navigating the complexities of big-state politics while fostering a commitment to ecological integrity. Ultimately, this research underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of how geopolitical maneuvers intersect with environmental interests, advocating for a proactive stance in Southeast Asia foreign policy that aligns with global development of sustainability goals.
Accompanying the Graduation of Military History S1 Cadet Cadets at the Indonesian Defence University Subiantoro, Yudi; Manurung, Hendra; Pertiwi, Yuliana Anggun
JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 4 (2024): JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin (July)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/jimad.v1i4.392

Abstract

On May 22, 2024, 25 students together with 326 cadet students from the Military History study program at the Indonesian Defence University were declared to have graduated as cadets and were entitled to take basic military education. This national military education Chandradimuka is for the Defence University Cadet students held at Indonesia Military Academy Magelang, Central Java. This activity will last for 3 full months of military education. Lieutenant General Armed Forces (TNI) Jonni Mahroza, Ph.D., opened the Basic Military Education (Diksarmil) Chandradimuka Undergraduate Student Cadet (S-1) Cohort 5 of the Indonesian Defence University for the 2024 Academic Year which was attended by 351 people who will carry out education for 3 months at Sapta Marga Field, city of Magelang. The Defence University of the Republic of Indonesia is a state university that provides vocational, undergraduate, and postgraduate education in the fields of defence and national defence, to carry out development and development oriented towards the Tri Dharma of higher education, to achieve national education standards and world-class university standards along with preserving national values. The results are that the implementation of this basic military training is the initial stage for Indonesian Defence University student cadets in the process of becoming defence human resources of excellence and integrity. This activity aims to shape the character of Indonesian Defence University student cadets into individuals who are disciplined and have integrity and responsibility. In the current era of globalization, Indonesia will certainly experience various challenges that will be increasingly complex and dynamic, so a young generation is needed who has high mental and physical resilience of national value and national defence.
Co-Authors Hondor Saragih Hutabarat, Erny Muhadi Sugiono Pannyiwi, Rahmat Parlindungan, Henky Hotma Pertiwi, Yuliana Anggun Ramsi, Oktaheroe Rezasyah, Teuku Silaen, Christo Ariel Mario Subiantoro, Yudi Sudaryono Sudaryono