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Potential of Reinforced Indonesian Glulam Beams Using Grade I (Bengkirai), Grade II (Kamper), Grade III (Nyatoh) Woods for Use in Structural Wood Design Sugiri, Saptahari; Alamsyah, Eka Mulya; Usman, Arie Putra
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Wood is a natural resource that is renewable and available in various species in tropical countries. Its abundancy in nature makes it easy to obtain, thus making it a nature friendly material for use in construction. Indonesia is the most important source of tropical wood in the world after Brazil, making the use of wood for structural elements very desirable. It is estimated that 4000 different varieties of wood exist in Indonesia. This estimate is based on the herbarium species collected by the Forestry Research Institute, currently counting nearly 4000 types of trees with a diameter of more than 40 cm. In the Indonesian wood structure code, the strength of woods is divided into 3 grades (grade I, II and III). This paper presents an evaluation of the mechanical properties of glulam wood sourced from native Indonesian timber: Bengkirai wood (grade I), Kamper wood (grade II), and Nyatoh wood (grade III), thus proving the potential for Indonesian wood as industrial structural elements in wooden constructions.

KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL CAMPURAN SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU SENGON DAN KULIT BUAH KOPI DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN TEPUNG ONGGOK Nurannisa Syafitri; Auliya Shafiah Zakhrakh; Syifa Nur Annissa; Sutrisno Sutrisno; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Tati Karliati; Jamaludin Malik
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 40, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.1.19-30

Limbah hasil hutan dan pertanian saat ini belum memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik maka pembuatan papan partikel bisa menjadi solusi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dari campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi menggunakan perekat dekstrin dari pati tepung onggok. Pembuatan dekstrin dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan asam klorida (HCl) dengan konsentrasi 5% sebanyak 5 mL terhadap 80 g pati tepung onggok, kemudian dioven pada suhu 130°C selama 3 jam. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pembuatan papan partikel dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm3. Untuk mengetahui komposisi campuran bahan yang optimal, papan partikel dibuat dengan empat komposisi bahan campuran antara serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dengan kulit buah kopi dengan perbandingan berat: 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50% dan 25%:75%. Perekat dekstrin yang digunakan dalam pembuatan papan partikel sebanyak 20% dari berat kering tanur partikel dan dilakukan pengempaan pada suhu 185°C serta tekanan 20 kg/cm2 selama 10 menit. Hasil pengujian sifat fisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai kerapatan 0,49-0,64 g/cm3, kadar air 7,89-9,01%, daya serap air 92,41-167,65% dan pengembangan tebal 11,91-59,90%. Papan partikel dengan komposisi campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi sebanyak 25%:75% telah memenuhi standar pengujian sifat fisis, meliputi: kerapatan, kadar air dan pengembangan tebal, sedangkan nilai daya serap air tidak dipersyaratkan di dalam Standar JIS A 5908: 2003. Hasil pengujian sifat mekanis menunjukkan bahwa nilai internal bond 0,02-0,03 N/mm2 dan nilai kuat tarik pegang sekrup 46,4-144 N. Papan partikel dengan komposisi campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi sebanyak 25%:75% memiliki sifat mekanis optimal, namun demikian tidak memenuhi standar JIS A 5908: 2003.

Potential of Reinforced Indonesian Glulam Beams Using Grade I (Bengkirai), Grade II (Kamper), Grade III (Nyatoh) Woods for Use in Structural Wood Design Saptahari Sugiri; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Arie Putra Usman
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.2.2

Wood is a natural resource that is renewable and available in various species in tropical countries. Its abundancy in nature makes it easy to obtain, thus making it a nature friendly material for use in construction. Indonesia is the most important source of tropical wood in the world after Brazil, making the use of wood for structural elements very desirable. It is estimated that 4000 different varieties of wood exist in Indonesia. This estimate is based on the herbarium species collected by the Forestry Research Institute, currently counting nearly 4000 types of trees with a diameter of more than 40 cm. In the Indonesian wood structure code, the strength of woods is divided into 3 grades (grade I, II and III). This paper presents an evaluation of the mechanical properties of glulam wood sourced from native Indonesian timber: Bengkirai wood (grade I), Kamper wood (grade II), and Nyatoh wood (grade III), thus proving the potential for Indonesian wood as industrial structural elements in wooden constructions.

Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-based Nanomaterials from Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq) Wood Bark: an Organic Waste Material from Community Forest Sutrisno Sutrisno; Tati Suryati Syamsudin; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Bambang Sunendar
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 47 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2015.47.2.7

The application of nanotechnology to produce nanomaterials from renewable bio-based materials, like wood bark, has great potential to benefit the wood processing industry. To support this issue, we investigated the production of bio-based nanomaterials using conventional balls milling. Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq) wood bark (JWB), an organic waste material from a community forest was subjected to conventional balls milling for 96 h and was converted into bio-based nanomaterial. The morphology and particle size, chemical components, functional groups and crystallinity of the bio-based nanomaterial were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning electron microscopy extended with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The particle-sizes obtained for the JWB bio-based nanomaterial were between 43 nm to 469 nm and the functional groups were detected as cellulose. The chemical components found were carbon, oxygen, chloride, potassium and calcium, except for the sample produced from sieve type T14, which did not contain chloride. The crystalline structure was calcium oxalate hydrate (C2CaO4.H2O) with crystalline sizes 21 nm and 15 nm, produced from sieve types T14 and T200 respectively.

KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL CAMPURAN SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU SENGON DAN KULIT BUAH KOPI DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN TEPUNG ONGGOK Nurannisa Syafitri; Auliya Shafiah Zakhrakh; Syifa Nur Annissa; Sutrisno Sutrisno; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Tati Karliati; Jamaludin Malik
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 40, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.1.19-30

Limbah hasil hutan dan pertanian saat ini belum memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik maka pembuatan papan partikel bisa menjadi solusi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dari campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi menggunakan perekat dekstrin dari pati tepung onggok. Pembuatan dekstrin dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan asam klorida (HCl) dengan konsentrasi 5% sebanyak 5 mL terhadap 80 g pati tepung onggok, kemudian dioven pada suhu 130°C selama 3 jam. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pembuatan papan partikel dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm3. Untuk mengetahui komposisi campuran bahan yang optimal, papan partikel dibuat dengan empat komposisi bahan campuran antara serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dengan kulit buah kopi dengan perbandingan berat: 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50% dan 25%:75%. Perekat dekstrin yang digunakan dalam pembuatan papan partikel sebanyak 20% dari berat kering tanur partikel dan dilakukan pengempaan pada suhu 185°C serta tekanan 20 kg/cm2 selama 10 menit. Hasil pengujian sifat fisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai kerapatan 0,49-0,64 g/cm3, kadar air 7,89-9,01%, daya serap air 92,41-167,65% dan pengembangan tebal 11,91-59,90%. Papan partikel dengan komposisi campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi sebanyak 25%:75% telah memenuhi standar pengujian sifat fisis, meliputi: kerapatan, kadar air dan pengembangan tebal, sedangkan nilai daya serap air tidak dipersyaratkan di dalam Standar JIS A 5908: 2003. Hasil pengujian sifat mekanis menunjukkan bahwa nilai internal bond 0,02-0,03 N/mm2 dan nilai kuat tarik pegang sekrup 46,4-144 N. Papan partikel dengan komposisi campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi sebanyak 25%:75% memiliki sifat mekanis optimal, namun demikian tidak memenuhi standar JIS A 5908: 2003.

KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL CAMPURAN SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU SENGON DAN KULIT BUAH KOPI DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN TEPUNG ONGGOK Nurannisa Syafitri; Auliya Shafiah Zakhrakh; Syifa Nur Annissa; Sutrisno; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Tati Karliati; Jamaludin Malik
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.1.19-30

Waste from forest and agricultural products currently does not have good economic value, so the manufacture of particle boardcould be a solution. The objective of this research is to obtain the physical and mechanical characteristics of particle board fromsengon wood sawdust and coffee bean bark using cassava flour waste-based dextrin adhesive. Dextrin was manufactured by spraying5 mL of 5% HCl to 80 g cassava flour waste starch, then heated at 130°C for 3 hours. Particle board manufactured with targetof density 0.6 g/cm3. To obtain the optimal composition of materials mixture, the particleboards were made with 4 compositions,based on the weight ratio between sengon wood sawdust and coffee fruit bark; 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50%, and 25%:75%.The dextrin adhesive used is 20% based on dry kiln weight of the particles and hot-pressing was conducted at a temperature of185°C and pressured 20 kgf/cm2for 10 minutes. The physical properties test showed that the density 0.490.64 g/cm3, moisturecontent 7.89%9.01%, water absorption 92.41167.65%, and thickness swelling 11.31%59.9%. Particle board withmixture composition of 25% sengon wood sawdust and 75% coffee fruit bark was fulfilled the physical properties: density, moisturecontent, and thickness swelling, while water absorption value did not specify in the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard. Mechanicalproperties test showed that the internal bond value was 0.020.03 N/mm2 and resistance to screw withdrawal value was46.4144 N. Particle board with a mixture of 25% sengon wood sawdust and 75% coffee fruit bark has the optimum mechanicalproperties, however it did not meet the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard.

Integrated Pyrolysis and Fermentation for Sustainable Agricultural Biomass Waste Utilization and Community-Based Circular Economy Development Mustika Dewi; Anca Awal Sembada; Sabrina Mutiara Gani; Eynge Kezia Bungalessy; Sutrisno; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Pathmi Noerhatini
Unram Journal of Community Service Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): September
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ujcs.v7i3.1838

Biomass and organic waste generated from agricultural activities represent an underutilized resource that can be converted into value-added products through appropriate technologies. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge and practical skills of farmers and local communities in Cicareuh Village, Sukabumi Regency, West Java, in utilizing oil palm biomass and other organic waste through pyrolysis and fermentation technologies. A participatory approach was applied through lectures, discussions, demonstrations, hands-on practices, and evaluations. Pyrolysis was demonstrated as a thermochemical process under oxygen-limited conditions to produce liquid smoke and charcoal/biochar from biomass waste. Fermentation was introduced as a biological method for processing organic waste into organic fertilizer using effective microorganisms. The integration of these technologies provided participants with practical experience in converting locally available waste into potentially useful agricultural products and promoted the principles of circular economy and resource recovery. The activity increased participants’ understanding of waste utilization and provided practical skills for biomass processing. Further activities are recommended to characterize product quality, evaluate the efficacy and safety of liquid smoke, assess organic fertilizer quality, and examine the economic feasibility and sustainability of community-level implementation.

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