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Journal : Universa Medicina

Detection of immunogenic protein from salivary gland of Aedes albopictus Oktarianti, Rike; Khasanah, Rochmatul Nuryu; Wathon, Syubbanul; Senjarini, Kartika
Universa Medicina Vol. 40 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.234-242

Abstract

BackgroundDengue virus is transmitted by several species of Aedes mosquitoes, with Aedes albopictus as secondary vector. During blood feeding, these vectors inject saliva into the vertebrate hosts. The saliva contains anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and immunogenic factors. The objective of this research was to detect immunogenic proteins from Ae.albopictus salivary glands reacting with sera of people living in dengue endemic areas. MethodsThe identification of immunogenic proteins of Ae. albopictus salivary gland used one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), and western blot analysis, respectively. To determine the immunogenic nature of the candidate proteins, the antigens from the salivary gland of Ae. albopictus were reacted with sera from healthy persons, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) patients, and neonates, each of the groups comprising 10 samples. ResultsThe protein profiles of Ae. albopictus salivary glands showed 13 bands with molecular weights from 16 kDa up to 97 kDa, i.e. 16, 17, 26, 28, 31, 32, 45, 55, 60, 67, 73, 76, and 97 kDa. According to western blot analysis result, the 31 kDa proteins were recognized in all endemic population sera, both in DHF patients and healthy persons. In contrast, protein bands of 47 and 67 kDa were only recognized by the sera of DHF patients. ConclusionThree immunogenic proteins of 31, 47 and 67 kDa were detected from Ae. albopictus salivary glands. These immunogenic proteins may be developed as candidate biomarkers for bite exposure to Ae. albopictus and as vector-based DHF vaccines.
Molecular characterization of proteolytic bacteria associated with Malaria vectors: Anopheles sundaicus and Anopheles vagus Senjarini, Kartika; Labes, Antje; Wathon, Syubbanul; Oktarianti, Rike; Raras, Tri Yudani Mardining; Ardyah, Naura Paramitha Cindy; Agustin, Dita Paramytha; Ainiyah, Durotun; Utami, Diah Ayu
Universa Medicina Vol. 43 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2024.v43.202-212

Abstract

BACKGROUNDAnopheles (An.) sp. transmits Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. In its life cycle in the mosquito’s body, Plasmodium passes through 2 mosquito organs, namely the salivary glands and midgut. The bacterial community (symbiont bacteria) in these organs has been known to influence and/or inhibit the development of the Plasmodium life cycle by producing specific proteases. This research aims to isolate and characterize symbiotic bacteria with proteolytic activity from 2 important malaria vectors in Indonesia: An. sundaicus and An. vagus. METHODSA total of 183 bacterial originating from the salivary glands and midgut were successfully isolated. Initial screening was carried out based on morphological differences, followed by purification of the selected isolates to obtain single colonies. The selected isolates were then subjected to an initial proteolytic ability test using skim milk agar media. Only isolates with proteolytic activity were further characterized with the 16SrDNA molecular marker. The isolates were pabs5 from the salivary glands and pabs3 from the midgut of An. vagus, while pdbs3 and ecbs4 were isolates from the salivary glands and midgut of An. sundaicus. RESULTSMorphological and molecular characterization showed that both pabs5 and pabs3 isolates were Pseudomonas(Ps.) aeruginosa, while ecbs4 was Enterobacter cloacae and pdbs3 was Pantoea dispersa. These species werefirst discovered in Anopheles vagus and Anopheles sundaicus. CONCLUSIONThe ability of Ps. aeruginosa and Pantoea dispersa to produce proteases indicated their potential role in the exploration of new strategies to control mosquito vectors that transmit pathogens.