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DETECTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM THERMOPHILIC ACTINOMYCETES USING ONE STRAIN MANY COMPOUNDS (OSMAC) APPROACH Endah Wati Zahroh; Fitria Ningsih; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol 9, No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v9i1.6438

Actinomycetes are a group of filamentous bacteria with high biosynthetic potential that can produce secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes are known to produce secondary metabolites which are potential as antimicrobial, antitumor, and others. Actinomycetes can be found abundantly in diverse environments, including environments with extremely high temperatures such as hot springs, deserts, geothermal areas, and hydrothermal vents. They can survive in high temperatures due to their membrane lipids containing straight-chains and more saturated fatty acids that protect the membrane's fluidity to maintain membrane function. Thermophilic actinomycetes are potential producers of thermostable enzymes and bioactive compounds, which are important in the pharmaceutical, health, and industrial fields. Thermophilic actinomycetes are still less explored for novel metabolites and antimicrobial compounds due to the difficulty in isolation, maintenance, and preservation in pure culture. Novel bioactive compounds produced by actinomycetes are conventionally discovered by isolating potential strains and screening the compound bioactivity through various bioassays. A sequence-independent approach, termed the OSMAC (one strain many compounds), has been widely used in natural product research for activating cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) by modifying the growth conditions of a bacterial culture. This approach aims to optimize the number of secondary metabolites produced by one single microorganism. The application of the OSMAC method has been proven successful in revealing the biosynthetic potential of bacteria.

DETECTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM THERMOPHILIC ACTINOMYCETES USING ONE STRAIN MANY COMPOUNDS (OSMAC) APPROACH Endah Wati Zahroh; Fitria Ningsih; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v9i1.6438

Actinomycetes are a group of filamentous bacteria with high biosynthetic potential that can produce secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes are known to produce secondary metabolites which are potential as antimicrobial, antitumor, and others. Actinomycetes can be found abundantly in diverse environments, including environments with extremely high temperatures such as hot springs, deserts, geothermal areas, and hydrothermal vents. They can survive in high temperatures due to their membrane lipids containing straight-chains and more saturated fatty acids that protect the membrane's fluidity to maintain membrane function. Thermophilic actinomycetes are potential producers of thermostable enzymes and bioactive compounds, which are important in the pharmaceutical, health, and industrial fields. Thermophilic actinomycetes are still less explored for novel metabolites and antimicrobial compounds due to the difficulty in isolation, maintenance, and preservation in pure culture. Novel bioactive compounds produced by actinomycetes are conventionally discovered by isolating potential strains and screening the compound bioactivity through various bioassays. A sequence-independent approach, termed the OSMAC (one strain many compounds), has been widely used in natural product research for activating cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) by modifying the growth conditions of a bacterial culture. This approach aims to optimize the number of secondary metabolites produced by one single microorganism. The application of the OSMAC method has been proven successful in revealing the biosynthetic potential of bacteria.

Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Effects of Medicinal Plants in Modulating Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review from Athletic Performance to Vital Organ Protection Isma Nur Azzizah; Endah Wati Zahroh; Arifiana Wungu Kartika Dewi; Dini Aulia Cahya
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19721

Oxidative stress constitutes a major pathophysiological mechanism in conditions ranging from exercise-induced muscle fatigue to chronic organ damage including diabetic nephropathy and ischemic stroke. Medicinal plants offer therapeutic potential through bioactive compounds that modulate cellular defense pathways. This systematic review evaluated the molecular mechanisms and clinical efficacy of medicinal plants (Kaempferia galanga, Nigella sativa, Panax ginseng, and other herbal formulations) in managing oxidative stress across diverse health contexts. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using reputable databases. Studies measuring oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD) and cellular signaling pathways (Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT) were included. Results showed that N. sativa and K. galanga supplementation in athletes significantly reduced MDA levels and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6), accelerating post-exercise recovery. Bioactive compounds including Ginsenoside Ro and Kaempferide demonstrated organ-protective effects through Nrf2/HO-1 activation, autophagy promotion, and mitochondrial protection in ocular and renal tissues. These findings indicate that medicinal plants exert cytoprotective effects by activating endogenous antioxidant systems. The therapeutic spectrum spanning athletic performance enhancement to chronic organ protection underscores the translational potential of herbal interventions as promising antioxidant agents.

Bioactive Compounds of Stelechocarpus burahol (Kepel) from Indonesia for Future Perspective of Health: A Literature Review Endah Wati Zahroh; Dian Mayasari; Isma Nur Azzizah
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.10358

Stelechocarpus burahol (Kepel) is widely distributed in Indonesia, where its fruit has traditionally been consumed and used as a natural body fragrance from ancient times to the present. In recent decades, this species has attracted growing interest in the health sector due to its rich content of bioactive compounds. However, the natural population of S. burahol has declined over time and is currently regarded as a conservation species. This article presents an overview of the therapeutic potential of S. burahol and highlights in vitro cultivation strategies aimed at optimizing the production of bioactive metabolites. The review is based on an extensive analysis of scientific journals, conference proceedings, theses, and reference books, using keywords such as S. burahol, Kepel, bioactive compounds, and in vitro culture. Available evidence indicates that S. burahol represents a promising target for bioprospecting in the health sector, particularly due to its reported anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-acne, antidiabetic, antihyperuricemic, and anti-implantation activities. Furthermore, in vitro cultivation approaches offer a viable alternative to conventional field cultivation, which remains limited, for the enhanced production of bioactive compounds from this species.

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