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Thermodynamics Theoretical Investigation for Synthesis of Pyridine from Pyrylium Salt using Density Functional Theory Khoiriah, Selmi F.; Aprianto, Agil; Kania, Putri; Fauzi, Rafi N.; Nurhayati, Mita
Jurnal Kartika Kimia Vol 5 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Kartika Kimia
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jkk.v5i2.178

Abstract

Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound that is widely used as an ingredient in medicines, vitamins, food flavors, pesticides, dyes, adhesives, and others. Currently, pyridine synthesis is carried out with coal tar as a raw material, which is a non-renewable natural resource. In this research, a theoretical study was carried out to evaluate the synthesis process of pyridine using pyrylium salt as an alternative raw material to displace coal tar. This study also aims to simulate the pyridine synthesis and the energy required or released in the process. Density Functional Theory (DFT) method was employed to calculate some thermodynamic properties of the species involved in the reaction such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy in a vacuum and solvated model in order to study the progress of the reaction and mechanism. Based on the calculation results, the lowest value of enthalpy, entropy, and free energy Gibbs is obtained when the reaction takes place in a vacuum. The change of entropy and free Gibbs energy of the reaction was not predominantly affected by the degree of polarity of the solvent. Meanwhile, the enthalpy of reaction simulated in water solvent is higher than in the ethanol solvent. The synthesis reaction of pyridine from pyrylium salt is exothermic and exergonic because it has a negative value of enthalpy change and Gibbs free energy at 298.15 K, which is potential to be done at room temperature without extreme condition control.
Penguatan Kesadaran Lingkungan melalui Program Bhumi Mandala di Desa Sukamulya RW 03, Kelurahan Sukasari, Kecamatan Bogor Timur Mardiana, Rita; Munadiyan, Aza El; Iqo, Arif; Susilabudi, Kushardanta; Ramadhan, Ilham; Hidayat, Darren Ivandra Hidayat; Amelia, Amelia; Firnanda, Chika Aulia; Sanis, Asma Al; Kania, Putri; Asiaman, Akbar Rizki
Jurnal Abdimas Dedikasi Kesatuan Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): JADKES Edisi Januari 2026
Publisher : LPPM Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37641/jadkes.v7i1.4456

Abstract

Permasalahan pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia masih kompleks, terutama di tingkat komunitas. Desa Sukamulya RW 03, Kelurahan Sukasari, Kecamatan Bogor Timur menghadapi persoalan bank sampah yang belum optimal, tingginya populasi hama, keterbatasan budidaya maggot, serta lemahnya sistem pencatatan di Sentra Cipta Mandiri (SCM). Program Bhumi Mandala hadir sebagai upaya pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan selama Agustus 2025 dengan pendekatan partisipatif. Kegiatan meliputi sosialisasi pilah sampah, workshop ecobrick, pelatihan budidaya maggot, serta edukasi lingkungan di PAUD dan TPQ. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan observasi lapangan, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan partisipasi warga dalam pemilahan sampah dari 30% menjadi 65%, penguatan peran kelembagaan SCM dan Bank Sampah Siliwangi, serta tumbuhnya literasi lingkungan sejak usia dini. Kendala utama adalah ketergantungan warga pada insentif, ketidakstabilan rantai pasok bahan organik, serta lemahnya dokumentasi dan perlindungan produk turunan maggot. Kesimpulannya, program Bhumi Mandala efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran lingkungan berbasis komunitas, namun memerlukan penguatan kelembagaan, diversifikasi inovasi, serta dukungan multipihak agar dapat direplikasi di wilayah lain