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The Relation between Christianity and Colonialism in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s The River Between Iskarna, Tatang
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 18, No 2 (2018): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (760.533 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v18i2.1596

Abstract

This article is aimed at describing how the relation between Christianity and colonialism is constructed in The River Between (1965), a novel by Ngugi wa Thiong’o. Using postcolonial approach focusing on the analysis of the characters and conflicts, this study reveals the mutual relation between Christianity and colonialism. Christianity becomes the ideological apparatus to build a colonial myth, doctrine, or perspective, while Christian missionaries gain the colonizers’ support from the colonial administrators. Their antagonistic relation can be explored through the natives’ re-reading of the Bible to review the colonialism and get rid of the colonial bondage. As postcolonial literature, The River Between offers counter-discourse against colonialism. However, some parts of the text are still slipped in the colonial hegemony.Keywords: Christianity, colonialism, postcolonialism, ideological apparatus, counter-discourse 
The predicament of Turkish modern identity: The east-west oscillation in Snow Brameswari, Catharina; Iskarna, Tatang
Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 21, No 2 (2021): OKTOBER 2021
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v21i2.44629

Abstract

This research uses Orhan Pamuk’s Snow in order to reveal the tension and oscillation between the East and the West which is represented by Ataturk’s forced modernization on the restriction of veils in schools and public places. Pamuk uses Kars, a small city in Turkey’s border which always coved by snow, to describe this tension. The women are presented as the oppressed who silently end their life as their way to protect their beliefs and tradition as well as the weapon to fight against the oppressor. To dismantle Pamuk’s work that highlights the endless oscillation, I employ the method of library research by presenting the internal struggle experienced by the main characters that are forced to embrace Western tradition. This research deals with two issues namely oscillation and complex desire to imitate the Others experienced by the main characters the as well as the solutions to the predicament that are offered by Pamuk in Snow. This research is also accompanied by Said’s Orientalism and Bhabha’s Postcolonialism that are employed to illuminate the solutions. Additionally, the information on Turkey’s history and socio-politic condition are presented. This research is a way to show how the oscillation can be solved by embracing one culture without leaving the other. Additionally, it is also a tool to raise the readers’ awareness towards the problem on the predicament of the East and West and develop their critical thinking towards the forced modernity by the oppressor.
The Relation between Christianity and Colonialism in Ngugi Wa Thiongos The River Between Tatang Iskarna
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 18, No 2 (2018): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (760.533 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v18i2.1596

Abstract

This article is aimed at describing how the relation between Christianity and colonialism is constructed in The River Between (1965), a novel by Ngugi wa Thiongo. Using postcolonial approach focusing on the analysis of the characters and conflicts, this study reveals the mutual relation between Christianity and colonialism. Christianity becomes the ideological apparatus to build a colonial myth, doctrine, or perspective, while Christian missionaries gain the colonizers support from the colonial administrators. Their antagonistic relation can be explored through the natives re-reading of the Bible to review the colonialism and get rid of the colonial bondage. As postcolonial literature, The River Between offers counter-discourse against colonialism. However, some parts of the text are still slipped in the colonial hegemony.Keywords: Christianity, colonialism, postcolonialism, ideological apparatus, counter-discourse
Alam dalam Perspektif Natives dan New Settlers: Kajian Ekokritik Puisi Monolog Bumi Terjarah dan We Are Going Tatang Iskarna; Catharina Brameswari; Epata Puji Astuti
Sintesis Vol 14, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/sin.v14i1.2529

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pandangan dan sikap penduduk asli (natives) Papua dan Aborigin dan para pendatang baru (new settlers) yang menempati tanah Papua dan Australia terhadap alam dalam puisi Monolog Bumi Terjarah karya Alex Giyai (Papua) dan We Are Going karya Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Aborigin). Pendekatan ekokritik digunakan untuk menganalisis pandangan dan sikap mereka. Orang Papua dan Aborigin memandang alam sebagai entitas yang menyatu dengan mereka dalam relasi religio-magis, sedangkan para pendatang baru memandang alam sebagai komoditas ekonomi yang potensial untuk dieksploitasi demi menghasilkan keuntungan. Melalui dua pandangan tersebut, kedua puisi ini memberikan edukasi dan advokasi tentang pentingnya pelestarian alam dan kritik terhadap perusakan lingkungan.
KOMPLEKSITAS POSKOLONIAL DALAM PUISI “NYANYIAN LAWINO” KARYA OKOT P’BITEK Tatang Iskarna
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 10, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (185.544 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/ajbs.2011.10203

Abstract

This article discusses how an African woman faces the postcolonial complexity as presented in the poem “Song of Lawino” (1966), written by Okot p’Bitek, an Uganda writer. The postcolonial complexity here means the difficult situation of decolonizing process as a result of a cultural clash between local African and Western culture, which has been internalized by some African people. The internalization of the Western culture creates  self-hatred racism of African people, political group dispute, woman oppression, and mimicry. Using postcolonial perspective, which is proposed by Franz Fanon, Aime Caesar, and Homi K. Bhaba, the writer analyzes how this poem portrays three phenomena of postcolonial complexity. This postcolonial complexity is investigated through the conflict and the characters in the poem.
The Effects of Colonialism toward the Timorese as depicted in Nesi’s Orang-Orang Oetimu Catharina Brameswari; Tatang Iskarna; Monica Angela Nadine Titaley
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 22, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (479.385 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v22i1.3831

Abstract

This research scrutinizes the effects of colonialism toward the Timorese in Oetimu as depicted in the novel of Orang-Orang Oetimu by Felix K. Nesi. From the perspective of postcolonial criticism, the combination of the invasion of the Portuguese, Japanese, and Indonesian in East Timor leaves changes in social structure and relations among the Timorese. This study aims to unveil from postcolonial view, especially Said, Gandhi, Foulcer and Day, the destructive cultural and social effect, clash of local parties, and hidden colonial power which still exists in the Timorese society. Colonialism in East Timor operated by Portuguese, Japan, and Indonesia brought about physical, social, and cultural conflicts. Portuguese colonialism impacted on the socio-political friction among Timorese and destructive vanishing of their culture. Japanese colonialism left trauma amongst them as physical oppression was often used to have domination over the people. Indonesian invasion also resulted in horizontal conflicts amongst the Timorese. Violence and corrupt culture became new perspective in solving the problems. Presenting the colonial conflicts and destructive cultural effects, the novel voices postcolonial discourse that the effect of colonialism can last long and its ideology of binary opposition and cultural justification of domination in the name of civilization can be reproduced.
Alternative Models of Electronic Literary Criticism: Intermedial and Ergodic Tatang Iskarna
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i1.5946

Abstract

Electronic literature, known as cyber or digital literature, has elicited negative and favourable responses. Negative reactions centre on disagreements regarding its definition and the author's quality and authenticity. Positive reflexes include its rapid and massive distribution, publication, and subversion against the dominant establishment of printed literature. Its open space for creativity due to the addition of multimedia and its intensive interaction between writers and readers also become beneficial values. Despite the negative and favourable backlash, electronic literary criticism development has not yet been widely discussed. Electronic academic critique models are rarely debated due to a lack of consensus on their definitions, interdisciplinarity, and technological obstacles. This article attempts to propose alternate models for electronic literary criticism, viewing it as a new genre. This literary analysis offers alternatives based on its significant elements: technology (platform), immersive experience and interactivity (the reader’s involvement), literary work (various electronic types), and accessibility (wide range of readers). Considering that electronic literature combines literature, technology, and digital media to interpret works and investigate the relationships between technology, authorship, and readership, its criticism needs to broaden its area which includes technology. Intermedial and ergodic criticism can be the alternatives to approach this new genre.
Comparative Response to Printed and Digital Format Poetry: A Case Study of Ubaidil’s Poem Sarmin dan Kampung Masa Kecilnya Iskarna, Tatang
English Language and Literature International Conference (ELLiC) Proceedings Vol 7 (2024): Striking a Balance between Technology and Empathy in Language Learning, Linguistics, L
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study compares readers' responses to printed and digital poetry, focusing on video poetry Sarmin dan Kampung Masa Kecilnya written by Ade Ubaidil to understand how different presentation mediums impact engagement, interpretation, and emotional connection to poetry. With advancing technology challenging print media, questions arise about how format influences literary works, particularly poetry. Authors, publishers, and educators must adapt to changing reading habits and preferences by understanding reader responses to printed and digital media. Employing qualitative methods, the study conducts a survey, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews to explore participants' experiences, preferences, and perspectives. The survey measures emotional involvement; explores mood, atmosphere, message understanding, and multimedia influence; and examines the preferences concerning memory recall and authorship authenticity perceptions. Of the 65 students surveyed, preferences differed when asked directly about reading the poem Sarmin dan Kampung Masa Kecilnya, with 40 preferring digital, 23 printed, and 2 both. Digital formats showed mixed effects on reader engagement, emotional response, and comprehension. While digital readers demonstrated higher interest, emotional response, and mood understanding, they showed less understanding of tone and storyline compared to print readers. Multimedia was largely viewed as beneficial. Digital formats exhibited better memory recall but raised more concerns about authenticity, with more students trusting printed materials. Recommendations varied, with 30 students preferring digital, 22 printed, 6 both, and 7 suggesting format depending on the reader and text. These findings underscore the complex relationship between format choices, reader engagement, and perceptions of authenticity in contemporary literature consumption. Flexibility and consideration of individual tastes and literary content are emphasized for adapting to evolving preferences 
Bahasa Inggris Astuti, Epata Puji; Iskarna, Tatang
Humanis Vol 28 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JH.2024.v28.i04.p07

Abstract

The arrival of European colonizers led to the disruption of the nature and ecosystem. As the indigenous people with a close relationship to nature, Native Americans express their grief and anxiety about the condition of nature through literary work. The study presented in the present article aims to scrutinize three selected poems by Joy Harjo “Remember”, “Praise the Rain”, and “I am a Prayer” to see how the poet expresses her ecological grief and anxiety. The lines and stanzas of each poem are analyzed using the theory of intrinsic elements and the five stages of grief by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross. The researchers use a descriptive qualitative method and employ a psychological approach to reveal the speaker's suffering in the poem psychologically in which she feels grieved because of the loss of nature. The findings were that there were five stages of grief portrayed in the poems implicitly, that is, denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. The speaker’s grief and anxiety can be seen from the personification, repetition, and imagery used in the poems. Joy Harjo offers a different way to experience the stage of ecological grief and anxiety. She invites us to honor the journey of grief with empathy, wisdom, and a profound appreciation for the natural world. Harjo invites a deeper awareness that is both accepting of past wounds and open to future possibilities. The acceptance of grief is a crucial step toward reconnection. It is only by accepting the grief of what has been lost that one can truly remember, appreciate, and care for what remains.
Pemanfaatan Youtube sebagai Media Pemasaran Digital Produk Sarung Tenun UMKM Desa Wirun, Sukoharjo: Youtube as Digital Marketing Medium for Promoting the Product of Woven Sarong of MSME in Wirun, Sukoharjo Wedhowerti, Wedhowerti; Astuti, Epata Puji; Iskarna, Tatang; Aji, Gabriel Fajar Sasmita; Widyastuti, Dewi
PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. Suppl-1 (2025): PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/pengabdianmu.v10iSuppl-1.7643

Abstract

MSME in Wirun, Mojolaban, Sukoharjo produces high-quality products of woven sarong. However, this product marketing has not reached a wider scope. This problem is mainly due to the unavailability of a digital marketing system. Departing from this fact, the English Letters Department of Universitas Sanata Dharma designed community service activities to be conducted in Wirun. This community service program was designed to introduce a bilingual digital marketing system as well as to work hand in hand designing and creating a bilingual YouTube channel as a medium for promotion and marketing. A series of activities began in March and ended in July 2024. The community service program was well executed. Workshop on digital marketing was fully delivered and the bilingual YouTube channel of “Sarung Tenun Desa Wirun” was successfully created.