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Bradley J. Waleleng
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health

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Association between Serum Uric Acid Level and Chronic Kidney Disease Maria C. Wariki; Bradley J. Waleleng; Karel Pandelaki
e-CliniC Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-CliniC
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ecl.v10i2.37815

Abstract

Abstract: As already known, chronic kidney disease (CKD) could result in a change of serum uric acid (SUA) level which leads to hyperuricemia. However, many studies suggest that SUA level has an important role in CKD progression and independently associated with a new onset of CKD. This study aimed to find out the independent association between SUA level and CKD. This was a literature review study using databases of Google Scholar and Pubmed. The results obtained 10 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All studies proved that there was an association between SUA level and CKD. An elevated SUA level, known as hyperuricemia, was a risk factor in renal impairment and CKD progression. In conclusion, there is an independent association between SUA level and CKD.Keywords: serum uric acid; chronic kidney disease Abstrak: Telah diketahui bahwa penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) dapat memengaruhi kadar asam urat dan mengakibatkan hiperurisemia. Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan membuktikan bahwa kadar asam urat secara independen memengaruhi terjadinya PGK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar asam urat serum dengan PGK. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan menggunakan database Google Scholar dan Pubmed. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kesepuluh artikel menun-jukkan adanya hubungan independen antara kadar asam urat serum dengan PGK. Peningkatan kadar asam urat serum yang dikenal dengan hiperurisemia dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor dalam progresifitas gangguan ginjal dan PGK. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara kadar asam urat serum dengan PGK.Kata kunci: asam urat serum; penyakit ginjal kronis
Effect of Raw Food Consumption on Incidence of Hepatitis A Insyirah N. Fadhilah; Bradley J. Waleleng; Bisuk P. S. Nainggolan
e-CliniC Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): e-CliniC
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ecl.v10i2.37860

Abstract

Abstract: Hepatitis A is an acute infection of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus (VHA). The hepatitis A virus can be transmitted by fecal-oral route from person to person or through consumption of contaminated raw food. This study aimed to determine the effect of raw food consumption on the incidence of hepatitis A. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Pubmed, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar. The results obtained 10 articles about several types of raw food previously contaminated that could cause hepatitis A inter alia shrimp, fish, meat, vegetables, frozen berries, dates, strawberries, and fresh vegetables. The route of contamination in raw food was most likely in the place of production before harvest as well as during harvest, packaging process, and food processing before serving. It was found that the number of cases exposed to raw food consumption was more than half of the population in almost all literature. Based on the type of raw food, the highest percentage of cases was 96.77% for dates and the lowest percentage of cases was 4.1% for meat. In conclusion, there is an effect of raw food consumption on the incidence of hepatitis AKeywords: raw food; viral contamination; hepatitis A Abstrak: Hepatitis A adalah infeksi akut pada hati yang disebabkan oleh virus hepatitis A (VHA).  Virus hepatitis A dapat ditularkan melaui rute fecal-oral dari individu ke individu atau melalui konsumsi makanan mentah yang terkontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh konsumsi makanan mentah terhadap kejadian hepatitis A. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 artikel untuk dikaji mengenai jenis makanan mentah yang sebelumnya sudah terkontaminasi dan menyebabkan hepatitis A. Jenis makanan mentah yang ditemukan yaitu udang, ikan, daging, sayuran, buah beri beku, kurma, stroberi dan lalapan. Rute kontaminasi pada makanan mentah kemungkinan besar berasal dari tempat produksi baik sebelum panen maupun saat panen, proses pengepakan, dan pada proses pengolahan makanan sebelum disajikan. Jumlah kasus terpapar karena konsumsi makanan mentah lebih dari setengah jumlah populasi pada hampir semua literatur. Berdasarkan jenis makanan mentah, persentase kasus tertinggi ialah 96,77 % untuk kurma dan persentase kasus terendah ialah 4,1 % untuk daging. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh konsumsi makanan mentah terhadap kejadian hepatitis A.Kata kunci: makanan mentah; kontaminasi virus; hepatitis A
Penatalaksanaan Hepatitis B pada Populasi Khusus Filya A Hunou; Bradley J. Waleleng; Linda W. A. Rotty
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v4i1.44645

Abstract

Abstract: Hepatitis B virus infection is still a big problem in public health worldwide. Hepatitis B contributes 80% to the cause of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and is also the second most common cause of cancer after smoking. In special populations, the management given is different from the management of hepatitis B patients who are not included in special populations. This is because in special populations there have been changes in the natural history of the disease, the risk of complications related to the liver, recommendations for VHB drugs to be used, and the duration of therapy. This study aimed to obtain the managemeny of hepatitis B in special populations. This was a literature review study using 10 literatures searched by using three data bases namely ProQuest, Pubmed, and ClinicalKey. Journals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that the management of hepatitis B in special populations adjusted to the conditions of each population. In conclusion, the management of hepatitis B in special populations has a variety of treatments that are made according to the condition of each population, including the treatment strategy, drug selection, duration of administration, and monitoring needed during the therapy. Keywords: management of hepatitis B; special population   Abstrak: Infeksi virus hepatitis B merupakan masalah besar pada kesehatan masyarakat di dunia. Penyakit hepatitis B menjadi penyumbang sebesar 80% pada penyebab terjadinya karsinoma hepatoseluler primer dan juga menjadi penyebab kanker kedua terbanyak setelah rokok. Pada populasi khusus pentalakasanaan yang diberikan berbeda dari penatalaksanaan pada pasien hepatitis B yang tidak termasuk pada populasi khusus. Hal ini disebabkan pada populasi khusus telah terjadi perubahan riwayat alamiah penyakit, risiko komplikasi terkait hati, rekomendasi obat VHB yang akan digunakan, serta durasi terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penatalaksanaan hepatitis B pada populasi khusus. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan pencarian literatur menggunakan tiga data base yaitu ProQuest, Pubmed, dan ClinicalKey. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa kesepuluh literatur menjelaskan penatalaksanaan hepatitis B pada populasi khusus disesuaikan dengan kondisi masing-masing populasi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penatalaksanaan hepatitis B pada populasi khusus memiliki beragam penatalaksanaan yang dibuat menyesuaikan dengan kondisi masing-masing populasi, mulai dari strategi pengobatan yang diberikan, pemilihan obat, durasi pemberian, serta pemantauan yang perlu dilakukan dalam terapi. Kata kunci: penatalaksanaan hepatitis B; populasi khusus
Faktor Risiko Infeksi Hepatitis C pada Penyakit Ginjal Kronis Mario F. Wilson; Bradley J. Waleleng; Octavianus R. H. Umboh
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v4i1.44857

Abstract

Abstract:: Hepatitis C, a type of hepatitis caused by hepatitis C virus, has spread worldwide. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition in which the kidneys lose their function as an organ gradually lasting more than three months. Moreover, the CKD population are susceptible to infection due to their immunity disorder and treatment at health care centers.  This study aimed to determine the risk factors for hepatitis C infection in CKD patients. This was a literature review study. Article searches were carried out in three databases, namely PubMed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The results obtained 10 full-text journals to be reviewed. Hemodialysis was the risk factor that contributed the most to the transmission of HCV to CKD patients. While, kidney transplantation accounted for a portion of HCV infection, but these risk factors could still be prevented and controlled. Blood transfusion was a risk factor for the spread of Hepatitis C virus in CKD which was the rarest since blood screening was carried out. In conclusion, there are three risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in chronic kidney disease patients based on the possibility of infection sequentially including hemodialysis, kidney transplantation, and blood transfusion. Keywords: hepatitis C; chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; infection; risk factor   Abstrak: Hepatitis C disebabkan oleh virus hepatitis C (VHC) dan telah menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) adalah kondisi dimana ginjal kehilangan fungsinya sebagai organ secara bertahap yang berlangsung lebih dari tiga bulan. Populasi dengan PGK menjadi kelompok rentan terkena infeksi akibat gangguan imunitas dan perawatan di pusat pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko infeksi hepatitis C pada pasien PGK. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Pencarian artikel dilakukan pada tiga database yaitu PubMed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 jurnal full-text yang dilakukan review. Hemodialisis merupakan faktor risiko yang paling banyak berkontribusi terhadap transmisi VHC pada PGK. Transplantasi ginjal menyumbang sebagian dari infeksi VHC, namun faktor risiko ini masih dapat dicegah dan dikendalikan. Transfusi darah merupakan faktor risiko penyebaran virus Hepatitis C pada PGK yang paling jarang terjadi sejak dilakukannya skrining darah. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat tiga faktor resiko infeksi virus hepatitis C pada penyakit ginjal kronik berdasarkan kemungkinan terjadinya infeksi secara berurut yaitu hemodialisis, transplantasi ginjal, dan transfusi darah. Kata kunci: hepatitis C; penyakit ginjal kronis; hemodialisis; infeksi; faktor risiko
Komorbid Kardiovaskular dan Gastrointestinal pada Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Emmanuella E. N. A Somalinggi; Frans E. N. Wantania; Bradley J. Waleleng
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v4i2.45013

Abstract

Abstract: COVID-19 patients have various clinical characteristics. Patients who come with co-morbidities are more at risk of experiencing more severe symptoms and higher risk of death.  This study aimed to obtain cardiovascular and gastrointestinal comorbidities of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This was a literature review study. The literature search was performed by using ScienceDirect, PubMed and Clinical key databases with “Comorbid AND Cardiovascular AND COVID-19” and “Comorbid AND Gastrointestinal AND COVID-19” for the keywords. After searching and filtering the literatures based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 10 literatures were determined to be reviewed. The ten literature reviews showed that COVID-19 patients had cardiovascular comorbidities including hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Gastrointestinal comorbidities found include chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel disease, diverticular disease, gastrointestinal tumors and polyps. In conclusion, patients with COVID-19 have varieties of comorbidities, and the most common one is hypertension and GERD. Keywords: cardiovascular comorbidity; gastrointestinal comorbidity; COVID-19   Abstrak: Pasien COVID-19 memiliki karakteristik klinis yang beragam. Pasien dengan penyakit penyerta lebih berisiko mengalami gejala yang lebih berat dan risiko kematian lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komorbid kardiovaskular dan gastrointestinal dari coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode literature review. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada tiga database yaitu PubMed, ScienceDirect dan ClinicalKey dengan kata kunci “Comorbid AND Cardiovascular AND COVID-19” serta “Comorbid AND Gastrointestinal AND COVID-19”. Setelah melalui proses pencarian dan penyaringan literatur berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, akhirnya ditetapkan 10 literatur untuk ditelaah. Hasilnya sebanyak sepuluh tinjauan literatur menunjukkan pasien COVID-19 memiliki komorbid kardiovaskular antara lain hipertensi, penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), gagal jantung, dan fibrilasi atrial. Komorbid gastrointestinal yang ditemukan antara lain gastritis kronik, ulkus peptikum, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel disease, diverticular disease, tumor dan polip saluran cerna. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pasien dengan COVID-19 memiliki berbagai jenis komorbid, dan yang terutama ialah hipertensi dan GERD. Kata kunci: komorbid kardiovaskular; komorbid gastrointestinal; COVID-19
Co-Authors Bisuk P. S. Nainggolan Emmanuella E. N. A Somalinggi Filya A Hunou Frans E. N. Wantania Insyirah N. Fadhilah Karel Pandelaki Linda W. A. Rotty Maria C. Wariki Mario F. Wilson Octavianus R. H. Umboh