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All Journal Science and Technology Indonesia Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan
Rinta Kusumawati, Rinta
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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PENGARUH PERENDAMAN TULANG IKAN TUNA (Thunnus albacares) DALAM LARUTAN NaOH TERHADAP KUALITAS GELATIN HASIL OLAHANNYA Tazwir, Tazwir; Kusumawati, Rinta
Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 4, No 1 (2009): Juni 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jpbkp.v4i1.434

Abstract

Gelatin tulang ikan tuna (Thunnus albaceres) dengan kualitas baik seringkali sulit diperoleh, karena kebanyakan produk ini mengandung lemak dan protein non kolagen yang cukup tinggi. Dalam memproduksi gelatin tulang tuna, lemak, dan protein non kolagen tersebut harus direduksi hingga batas minimum. Dalam penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh perendaman tulang ikan tuna dalam larutan NaOH sebelum ekstraksi terhadap kualitas gelatin yang dihasilkan. Tahapan yang dilakukan adalah degreasing, pencucian, perendaman dalam NaOH dengan variasi konsentrasi 0; 0,4; dan 0,8%, kemudian perendaman dalam HCl, ekstraksi, filtrasi, evaporasi, dan pengeringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik gelatin yang terbaik diperoleh dari perendaman tulang dalam NaOH 0,4%, yaitu dengan nilai rendemen 8,37%; viskositas 3,27-3,37 cPs; pH 5,03; dan kekuatan gel 157,8 g Bloom gel strength.
Physical Properties of Biodegradable Chitosan-Cassava Starch Based Bioplastic Film Mechanics Kusumawati, Rinta; Syamdidi; Abdullah, Akbar Hanif Dawam; Nissa, Rossy Choerun; Firdiana, Bonita; Handayani, Rini; Munifah, Ifah; Dewi, Fera Roswita; Basmal, Jamal; Wibowo, Singgih
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.1.191-200

Abstract

Petroleum-derived plastics are widely used but pollute the environment significantly. The development of biodegradable plastics is urgently needed to be replaced. The mechanism for making bioplastic films from cassava starch-chitosan/glycerol uses a double-screw extruder process. The film took into account the multi-hydroxyl capacity of starch by combining glycerol (in a ratio of 3:1 w/w) and chitosan (at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% (w/w). The impact of chitosan involvement on the characteristics of the bioplastic material was studied, including physical, thermal, mechanical, and biodegradability properties. The findings showed that using chitosan as a filler in cassava starch bioplastics resulted in bioplastic films with high compressive capacity and water resistance. The resulting biopolymer’s contact angle was increased by including C-O functional groups in the molecule, as evidenced at a wavelength of 1028 cm-1 of the FTIR spectra. The contact angle was increased from theta = 65.3059 ± 2.7936◦ to theta = 68.6047 ± 3.2391◦. An increase in tensile strength was also observed, indicating increased stiffness compared to chitosan-free bioplastics. The best bioplastic blend was the formulation of cassava starch and glycerol containing 0.5% chitosan. Bioplastic has physical properties of density 0.8625 ± 0.0277 g/mL; contact angle 68.6046 ± 3.2391◦; water uptake 11.0660 ± 0.3709%; tensile strength 2.0181 ± 0.0594 MPa; elongation 54.2243 ± 3.2623%; thermal 137.5◦C; moisture content 4.9464 ± 0.1172%; and the fastest biodegradation rate. The bioplastic synthesized in this study is readily biodegradable in the natural environment, making it highly sustainable and more environmentally friendly, and it can be a viable substitute to reduce the use of petroleum-based bioplastic.
Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose Microfibril (MFC) from Gracilaria sp. with Different Quality Grades Nurhayati; Irianto, Hari Eko; Supriyanto, Agus; Kusumawati, Rinta; Basmal, Jamal; Munifah, Ifah; Setiawati, Natalia Prodiana; Kusumaningrum, Wida Banar; Amanda, Putri; Roziafanto, Ahmad Nandang; Riastuti, Rini; Chalid, Muchamad
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.3.712-724

Abstract

The cellulose found in Gracilaria sp. has not been utilized optimally. This study investigated the characteristics of cellulose and cellulose microfibril (MFC) isolated from three grades of Gracilaria sp. Descriptive tests were performed to determine the quality of eachgrade, including observations on moisture content, ashcontent, CAW,andimpurities. The extraction process involved separating agar from Gracilaria sp., isolating cellulose using 10% NaOH, and bleaching cellulose with 3% NaOCl. The bleached cellulose was then ultrasonicated to produce MFC. Characterization was performed using FTIR, XRD, PSA, STA, DSC, and py-GC/MS. FTIR analysis indicated similar peaks for both cellulose forms but only differed in transmittance intensity. The crystallinity index from XRD analysis was 22–39% for raw Gracilaria sp., 25–46% for cellulose, and 68–89% for MFC. The particle size distribution of MFC mostly ranged between 200–500 nm, with 63.16% frequency. TG analysis showed cellulose decomposition with a Tonset of 231–260oC and a Tmax of 318–326oC. DSC analysis revealed that sonication enhances the polymer structure’s crystallization compared to pre-sonicated cellulose and raw material. The py-GC/MS analysis showed that D-allose and n-Hexadecanoic acid were the major components.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CHINESE HERRING (Hilsentoli sp.) LEATHER TANNED WITH CHROME AND RETAINED WITH SYNTHETIC AGENT Suryaningrum, Th. Dwi; Nuridha, Ahmad; Sinurat, Ellya; Basmal, Jamal; Ariyani, Farida; Utomo, Bagus Sediadi Bandol; Kusumawati, Rinta; Prodiana, Natalia; Supriyanto, Agus; Mardiyana, Indri; Ikasari, Diah
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.950

Abstract

When the scales of Chinese herring (Hilsentoli sp.), like those of snakes or monitorlizards, are tanned, they exhibit a unique scaly texture with an attractive natural pattern. This study aimed to evaluate the physical properties of Chinese herring skin tanned with chrome and retained with a synthetic agent. The treatments consisted of a combination of chrome and tanning agents at various concentrations, ie. Chrome (C) 6% and tanning agent (S) 0% (C6S0), Chrome 8% and tanning agent 0% (C8S0), Chrome 10% and tanning agent 0% (C10S0), Chrome 6% and tanning agent 4% (C6S4), Chrome 8% and tanning agent 4% (C8S4), Chrome 10% and tanning agent 4% (C10S4), Chrome 6% and S 6% (C6S6), Chrome 8% and S 6% (C8S6), and Chrome 10% and tanning agent 6% (C10S6). Observations were conducted based on descriptive sensory, physical, and chemical tests, identification of functional groups of the leather, and morphology analysis of the skin leather. The results showed that a combination of chrome and synthetic tanning produced leather with a denser and fuller texture than leather tanned with the chrome tanning agent. C10S6 treatment produced the best physical properties of tanned skin of Chinese herring in terms of its high tensile strength, tear strength, stitch strength, and shrinkage temperature, along with the lowest elongation. The values are well within the Indonesian standard of SNI 0253:2009 for leather with fancy motifs on finished leather goods. The analysis of the cross-section of skin at various treatments using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis indicates that retanning with synthetic tanning agents strengthened the collagen matrix, producing denser, more compact structures. This density is caused by the presence of collagen compound bonds and synthetic tanning materials, such as phenol and formaldehyde, which were detected as 2,4-dimethyl phenol in the Raman spectra shift at 208, 35 – 2445.87 cm -1 .
Co-Authors Agus Supriyanto Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah, Akbar Hanif Dawam Amanda, Putri Bagus Sediadi Bandol Utomo, Bagus Sediadi Bandol Chalid, Muchamad Dewi, Fera Roswita Diana Natalia Farida Ariyani Firdiana, Bonita Hari Eko Irianto Ifah Munifah Ikasari, Diah Jamal Basmal, Jamal Kusumaningrum, Wida Banar Mardiyana, Indri Nissa, Rossy Choerun Nurhayati Nuridha, Ahmad Prodiana, Natalia Rini Handayani Rini Riastuti, Rini Roziafanto, Ahmad Nandang Singgih Wibowo, Singgih Sinurat, Ellya Syamdidi Tazwir Tazwir Th. Dwi Suryaningrum