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Master-Slave Synchronization in Off-Grid Solar Microgrids: Genset and Inverter Configurations IGNATIUS RIYADI MARDIYANTO; MUSRINAH MUSRINAH; SRI PARYANTO MURSYID; SRI UTAMI; WILDAN ARASSID; RIDWAN NURDIN; AGOENG HARJATMO RAHARDJO; TJATUR UDJIANTO; APIP PUDIN
ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Vol 14, No 3: Published July 2026
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/elkomika.v14i3.274

Abstract

The research analyzes the synchronization performance of off-grid solar AC microgrids by comparing genset-based and inverter-based master-slave configurations. Stability and power quality evaluations were conducted through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental validation. Test results show that the genset-master configuration produces stable synchronization (220V/50Hz), while the inverter-master configuration experiences initial voltage instability. However, by optimizing the power capacity ratio between the master and slave units to 10:1 and implementing a properly designed PWM modulation, the system successfully achieves stable operation. An IoT-based monitoring system using ESP32 and PZEM-004T sensors provides real-time data to validate these findings, confirming that while the inverter-based master configuration is feasible, precise design parameters are required to ensure reliable synchronization
Development of IoT-Based Dual-Channel Battery Charger with Real-Time Monitoring Agoeng Harjatmo Rahardjo; Erwin Yusuf; Wildan Arasid
Journal of Electrical, Electronic, Information, and Communication Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2026): JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC, INFORMATION, AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jeeict.8.1.110360

Abstract

The development of efficient and controlled battery charging systems has become increasingly important with the growing use of electronic devices and energy storage systems. This research aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based charger monitoring and control system for optimizing the 12 V battery charging process. The developed system employs a dual-channel architecture capable of serving two batteries with automatic and manual operation capabilities. The main system components include a voltage divider-based voltage sensor, ACS712-5A current sensor, ESP32 microcontroller, dual-channel relay, and a Nextion 2.7-inch LCD touchscreen as the user interface. The IoT platform utilizes the Blynk application, enabling remote monitoring and control via smartphone. Test results demonstrate that the system is capable of monitoring charging parameters with high accuracy and providing responsive control both locally and remotely. The system successfully implements adaptive automatic charging logic based on battery conditions and provides safety features to prevent overcharging. This research contributes to the development of smart charger technology that can improve charging efficiency and extend battery lifespan.