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Effect of calcination temperature on the performance of hydrothermally grown cerium dioxide (CeO2) nanorods for the removal of Congo red dyes Rianjanu , Aditya; Nuraeni , Resti; Aflaha , Rizky; Khamidy , Nur Istiqomah; Triyana , Kuwat; Taher , Tarmizi
Greensusmater Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Inaugural issue
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/greensusmater.2024.1.1.9-14

Abstract

This study investigates the transformation of CeO2 nanostructures through various calcination temperatures and their subsequent impact on morphological, structural, and photocatalytic properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the presence of cerium oxycarbonate in the uncalcined samples, transitioning to a face centered cubic CeO2 phase post-calcination at 500°C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging delineates a morphological evolution from distinct, rod-like structures in the uncalcined state to sintered, agglomerated forms as calcination temperatures ascend from 500°C to 800°C. The crystallite size, calculated using Scherrer's Equation, displayed a proportional increase with temperature. The photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye under UV light was analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, with the calcined samples exhibiting varying degrees of adsorption and photocatalytic activity. The study found that higher calcination temperatures correlate with increased photocatalytic performance, potentially due to enhanced crystallinity. This assertion is supported by pseudo-first-order kinetic modeling, indicating improved photocatalytic efficiency with higher calcination temperatures, underlined by increasing rate constants. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between calcination-induced morphological and structural changes and the photocatalytic prowess of CeO2 nanostructures.
Emerging trends and future perspectives in adsorption technologies for water and wastewater treatment: A sunrise or sunset horizon? Taher , Tarmizi; Rianjanu , Aditya
Greensusmater Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Inaugural issue
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/greensusmater.2024.1.1.1-8

Abstract

Adsorption technology has been a focal point of water and wastewater treatment engineering research for over a century, yielding numerous scientific publications. These studies have primarily concentrated on developing efficient adsorbent materials, understanding adsorption mechanisms and characteristics, and investigating the removal of conventional or emerging pollutants. A common objective cited in most of these reports is the practical application of the adsorption process in municipal water or wastewater treatment plants, aiming to enhance water quality and safety. However, the majority of these studies overlook issues related to technology transfer, thereby widening the gap between academic recommendations and their practical implementation in industry. In this review, we trace the evolution of adsorption technology in water and wastewater treatment, evaluating its application viability and highlighting the approaches that hold the greatest promise for the future. Furthermore, we propose strategies for scientists and engineers dedicated to advancing research efforts that translate into industrially viable adsorption technologies for water treatment. While the practical effectiveness of adsorption technologies may not fully align with academic enthusiasm, this critical evaluation should not dismiss their potential as future technology since adsorption retains significant and distinct advantages that merit further exploration.
Development and materials characterization of hydrothermally grown niobium-doped BiVO4 for ciprofloxacin and methylene blue degradation Kurnia, Nadiya Rifqah; Amanda, Tia; Nurfitria, Rima; Aflaha, Rizky; Widakdo, Januar; Rianjanu, Aditya
Greensusmater Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/greensusmater.2025.2.2.55-61

Abstract

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of niobium-doped BiVO4 (NbX-BiVO4, X = 0, 2, 4, 6 mol%) photocatalysts via a hydrothermal method, aimed at enhancing the degradation of organic pollutants under UV irradiation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the preservation of the monoclinic BiVO4 structure in all samples, although minor secondary features were detected in doped compositions. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) imaging revealed progressively rougher, nanostructured surfaces with increasing Nb content, while UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy indicated modified band structures and reduced recombination rates. Photocatalytic performance was evaluated using ciprofloxacin (CIP) and methylene blue (MB) as model pollutants. For CIP, the highest activity was achieved by Nb6-BiVO4 (k value of 0.09 min‒1 g–1), attributable to enhanced charge separation and increased surface texture. In contrast, MB degradation favored the undoped BiVO4 (k value of 0.29 min‒1 g–1) due to stronger dye adsorption, despite the optical improvements in doped samples. The findings demonstrate that Nb doping improves BiVO4 photocatalytic activity through synergistic structural and electronic effects, with pollutant-specific responses highlighting the importance of matching catalyst design to target contaminant properties.
Niobium oxide electrode performance boosted by molybdenum doping and calcination for supercapacitor applications Al Mubarok, Muhammad Ramadhan; Nurfitria, Rima; Aflaha, Rizky; Nurfani, Eka; Rianjanu, Aditya
Greensusmater Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/greensusmater.2025.2.2.62-69

Abstract

Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) is a promising pseudocapacitive material for supercapacitor applications due to its high theoretical capacitance and electrochemical stability. However, its practical performance is limited by low electrical conductivity and poor ion transport kinetics. In this work, we report the enhancement of Nb2O5 electrode performance through molybdenum (Mo) doping and thermal calcination. Mo-doped Nb2O5 nanostructures were synthesized via a hydrothermal method followed by calcination at 500 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed a rougher morphology and homogeneous Mo distribution in the doped sample. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a structural transformation from a deformed orthorhombic phase in pristine Nb2O5 to a more crystalline pseudohexagonal phase in Mo-Nb2O5-500. Electrochemical analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in capacitive behavior, with Mo-Nb2O5-500 achieving a specific capacitance of 55.3 F/g at 5 mV/s, which is five times higher than the undoped sample. All electrodes exhibited stable cycling performance. These results highlight the synergistic role of Mo doping and calcination in enhancing the electrochemical properties of Nb2O5, offering a viable approach for developing high-performance pseudocapacitor electrodes.
Cellulose Impact on Bioplastic Performance: A Study on Mechanical Strength, Physical Properties, and Degradation of Water Hyacinth and Kepok Banana Peel-derived Materials Faiza Armalia Putri; Aditya Rianjanu; Wahyu Solafide Sipahutar
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 12 No. 02 (2024): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v12i02.407

Abstract

Plastics, primarily made of synthetic polymers, are difficult to degrade by microbes, resulting in waste management challenges. Bioplastics are a viable alternative to conventional plastics' environmental problems. They are crucial for circular economy transformation and sustainability goals. To address this issue, researchers investigated the formation of bioplastics from kepok banana peels (Musa acuminata) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). This study will investigate the mechanical properties, degradation rate, water absorption, and functional groups of these bioplastics. Various cellulose concentrations (0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16%) are used throughout the manufacture. The results show that cellulose content has a substantial influence on the mechanical characteristics, degradation rate, and water absorption of bioplastics. Bioplastics having 12% cellulose had the best mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 2.551 MPa. Bioplastics containing 4% cellulose, on the other hand, degrade the fastest, losing 63.181% of their mass. This high degradation rate corresponds to the maximum amount of water absorption, which reaches 54.93%. Furthermore, the FTIR study shows that no novel functional groups were discovered in the bioplastics. In conclusion, using kepok banana peel starch and water hyacinth to generate bioplastics shows potential as a solution to the problems that traditional plastics face. This research shows that changing the cellulose content in bioplastics can cause changes in mechanical qualities, breakdown rate, and water absorption. More studies in this area might pave the way for more ecologically friendly and sustainable alternatives to existing plastics. Keywords: Bioplastic, Banana peel starch, Water hyacinth, Cellulose, FTIR  
Electrospun PAN/PVP/ZnO Nanofiber Membrane as a Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation under UV Irradiation Rut Rabekka Gultom; Istiara Rizqillah Hanifah; Rizky Aflaha; Hannah Faye M. Austria; T.M. Subrahmanya; Januar Widakdo; Aditya Rianjanu
Greensusmater Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/gsm.2026.02

Abstract

Textile dye pollution remains a critical environmental concern, necessitating the development of efficient and recoverable photocatalysts for wastewater remediation. In this study, polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylpyrrolidone/zinc oxide (PAN/PVP/ZnO) nanofiber membranes were fabricated via electrospinning with varying ZnO loadings (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mmol) and evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed continuous, bead-free nanofibers with mean diameters of 355–552 nm, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed systematic Zn incorporation up to 34.52 wt%. A comparative study demonstrated that heat treatment at 450 °C was essential for converting the Zn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> precursor into the photocatalytically active ZnO phase. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the retention of the polymer matrix integrity. Among the tested formulations, PAN/PVP/ZnO-1 (1 mmol) exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance, achieving approximately 95% MB degradation within 180 min, with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of k = 0.0251 min<sup>−1</sup> (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9926), approximately 9 times faster than the neat PAN/PVP membrane. Higher ZnO loading (2 mmol) resulted in reduced photocatalytic performance. These findings indicate that 1 mmol ZnO is the optimal loading for PAN/PVP nanofiber photocatalysts, offering a promising recoverable membrane system for photocatalytic dye removal from wastewater.
Electrospun ZnO Nanofiber Membranes for Photocatalytic Water Treatment: A Comparative Review of Fabrication Strategies Aditya Rianjanu; Eka Nurfani; Tarmizi Taher
Greensusmater Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Green and Sustainable Materials Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62755/gsm.2026.03

Abstract

Electrospun ZnO nanofiber membranes are promising candidates for photocatalytic water treatment, offering directional charge transport, high surface-to-volume ratio, and self-standing membrane architectures that enable straightforward catalyst retrieval and reuse, a critical advantage over dispersed semiconductor nanoparticle systems where post-treatment recovery remains a major bottleneck. However, the fabrication route fundamentally determines membrane morphology, mechanical integrity, retrievability, and photocatalytic performance. This review classifies electrospinning-based fabrication into three routes: the Ceramic Membrane Route (precursor/polymer blending followed by calcination), the Hierarchical Membrane Route (secondary ZnO growth on electrospun polymer scaffolds), and the Composite Membrane Route (direct electrospinning of pre-synthesized ZnO/polymer dispersions). The Ceramic Membrane Route yields high-crystallinity membranes with up to 100% pollutant degradation but poor mechanical integrity that hinders membrane retrieval. The Composite Membrane Route provides single-step fabrication with the best demonstrated reusability (10 cycles at 97–99% retention), 200-fold lower zinc leaching, and excellent mechanical robustness for repeated retrieval and deployment, positioning it as one of the more operationally mature options for near-term deployment. The Hierarchical Membrane Route delivers the highest surface area, the fastest degradation kinetics, and uniquely combines photocatalysis with membrane filtration in a single device, making it a particularly promising long-term direction once its multi-step processing is streamlined and continuous-flow scale-up is realized. This comparative framework guides the selection of fabrication strategy based on membrane retrievability, performance, and development-stage requirements.