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All Journal JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Kiryoku: Jurnal Studi Kejepangan Majority Science Journal
Muhammad Reza Rustam, Muhammad Reza
Unknown Affiliation
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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The Transformation of Kizukai Habitus on Asian Trainee in Japan: Striving and Competition of Labor Market in ASEAN Prabowo, Roberto Masami; Mahzuni, Dade; Risagarniwa, Yuyu Yohana; Rustam, Muhammad Reza
JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): Journal of ASEAN Studies
Publisher : Centre for Business and Diplomatic Studies (CBDS) Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/jas.v12i1.10315

Abstract

In the 1990s, Japan faced a severe economic downturn known as the "Lost Decade." To address labor shortages and strengthen economic and political ties with developing nations, the Japanese government has initiated a trainee program to provide individuals from developing countries in Asia with the opportunity to gain work experience in Japan for three years. The research aims to explore the impact of Japan's trainee program on participants who left Japan between 2000 and 2010. Specifically, it investigates how these individuals adapt to Japanese society through the concept of ‘kizukai’ (empathy and concern for others) and examines their success in establishing businesses in their home countries. The research employs an ethnographic approach, utilizing direct interviews and a literature review. The ethnographic method, utilizing direct interviews with former trainees, offers qualitative insights into their social adaptation, business success, and engagement with Japanese cultural practices, enriching the understanding of their lived experiences. The literature review complements this by providing a theoretical framework, particularly Bourdieu's theories of habitus, field, and capital, to analyze the changes in trainees' behaviors and their impact on business practices. The research finds that many trainees have successfully integrated into Japanese society by internalizing Hiroyuki Inoue's concept of kizukai. This integration plays a significant role in their entrepreneurial success upon returning to their home countries, where they establish prosperous businesses. The findings suggest that while the trainee program has shortcomings, it contributes to strengthening international economic relations and offers lessons for improving future trainee programs.
Ethnic Violence Against Japanese Migrants In California Syawali, Noorasani; Ong, Susy; Rustam, Muhammad Reza
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): MSJ-May
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v2i2.143

Abstract

This article discussed the persistence of ethnic conflicts around the world, evolving from post-World War II national disputes to internal conflicts driven by ethnic and intergroup tensions. These problems impeded democratization and remained crucial to the development of societies and national identities. Ethnic violence was an example of political violence rooted in ethnic hatred. Countries such as the United States, with its racially and ethnically diverse population, faced significant challenges of ethnic discrimination against Japanese immigrants. Japanese immigration to the United States, especially in California, which began in the mid-1880s, was driven by labor shortages following the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and later by economic difficulties in Japan. United States immigration policies, especially the Acts of 1917 and 1924, imposed restrictions on Asian immigrants, which impacted Japanese immigration. This study, using qualitative research with a descriptive overview through the densho.org portal, aimed to analyze Japanese ethnic violence in California. Racism and economic competition fueled anti-Japanese violence. Anti-Japanese sentiment increased, especially after the attack on Pearl Harbor, which led to the mass internment of Japan-American.
Language Barriers: Language Training Mismatch and Communication Challenges among Indonesian Technical Intern (TITP) in Japan Salombe', Fikarisma Daeng; Iskandar, Kurniawaty; Rustam, Muhammad Reza
KIRYOKU Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Kiryoku: Jurnal Studi Kejepangan (In progress)
Publisher : Vocational College of Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kiryoku.v9i2.455-469

Abstract

This study explores the language barriers faced by Indonesian low-skilled workers under the Technical Intern Training Program (TITP) in Japan. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four informants, each representing one of the following sectors: caregiving, fisheries, construction, and agriculture. The informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique. The findings reveal a linguistic mismatch between Japanese language training at LPKs (Job Training Institutions) in Indonesia and Accepting Organisations (AO) in Japan with the actual communication demands encountered in the workplace. While the training programs focus on grammar and standardized Japanese, they lack adequate preparation for the real-world, context-dependent communication skills needed in the workplace. Barriers such as limited understanding of technical terms and local dialects hinder effective adaptation. This study underscores the need for workplace-oriented, practical language training to enhance communication, productivity, and social integration of Indonesian TITP workers in Japan.
Co-Authors Dade Mahzuni Kurniawaty Iskandar Ong, Susy Roberto Masami Prabowo Salombe', Fikarisma Daeng Syawali, Noorasani Yuyu Yohana Risagarniwa