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Yora Faramitha
Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Stability of B50 biodiesel added with glycerol ester additive based on palm oil oleic acid: Firda Dimawarnita; Yora Faramitha; Erliza Hambali
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 91 No. 1 (2023): 91 (1), 2023
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v91i1.526

Abstract

Biodiesel in Indonesia is a mixture of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) and diesel oil. Mixing FAME and diesel oil is challenging since FAME is separated from diesel oil at low temperatures. Changes in the physico-chemical properties of biodiesel during storage decrease biodiesel quality due to dissolved oxygen, potentially damaging the engine. Using glycerol ester (GE) as an additive can be an alternative solution to tackle that problem. This research examined the stability of GE-added biodiesel. As a comparison, commercial diethyl ether (DEE) additive was used. The concentration of additive added to biodiesel varied at 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm while the storage temperature varied at 12, 25, and 42℃. The stability of biodiesel was evaluated for three months by measuring the acid value, viscosity, corrosion rate, and water content. The acid values ​​​​of the various types and concentrations of additives still meet the SNI 7182-2015 standard (0.5 mg KOH g-1 sample) with a value range of 0.148-  0.392 mg KOH g-1 sample. Kinematic viscosity had a value range of 3.12-3.58 cst, which also meets the SNI 7182-2015 standard (2.3-6 cst). The highest corrosion rate for GE and DEE was in the first week, with values of 0.447 and 0.261 mpy, respectively. Both B50 biodiesel control and the addition of 1000 ppm GE had the same water content value on the 18th day, which was 0.046%, and this value was considered the highest water content. This means adding an additive can maintain the water content in B50 biodiesel. Overall, GE additives in B50 biodiesel with various concentrations comply with SNI 7182-2015 standard.
Synthesis of bio-hydrocarbons pentadecane from crude palm oil (CPO) using recombinant E.coli produced fatty acid photodecarboxylase From Chlorella variabilis Irma kresnawaty; Farhan Palgunadi; Yora Faramitha; Kenny Lischer; Ayu Rahayu Saraswanti; Fauziatul Fitriyah; Djoko Santoso
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 92 No. 2 (2024): 92(2), 2024
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v92i2.592

Abstract

Exploration of natural resources, particularly fossil fuels, is necessary given the sharp rise in energy demand across a wide range of industries. The risk of unpredictable fuel costs, rising pollution, and climate change is elevated as a result of that specific event. In order to address the problem of danger originating from present conventional fuel, it is crucial to use renewable energy that is regarded as sustainable and safe. In the future, bio-hydrocarbons are one energy source that is expected to be used as fuel. In both biological and non-biological processes, biohydrocarbons—hydrocarbons originating from biomass—can be created. Employing the Chlorella variabilis Fatty Acid Photodecarboxylase (CvFAP) enzyme from E. coli recombinant is a remarkable recent technique for producing bio-hydrocarbons. This enzyme has the ability to change free fatty acids, according to extensive studies when induced by blue light and accompanied by the addition of substrates. This study has confirmed the success of producing bio-hydrocarbons in the form of pentadecane with a selectivity of 16.44%. This experiment also indicated that several substantial components are needed in the bio-hydrocarbon synthesis process to obtain an optimal result. The components are the use of TB growth media, the selection of a protein concentration of 1777.5 l ppm, activation time for 3 hours, and the preference for substrate type in the form of 50% CPO.
Extraction and characterization of fulvic acid from oil palm empty fruit bunches Firda Dimawarnita; Khairy Yunda Maharani; Sutanto Sutanto; Yora Faramitha; Donny Nugraha Kalbuadi; Didiek Hadjar Goenadi
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol. 93 No. 2 (2025): 93(2), 2025
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v93i2.669

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) contain 27.78% lignin, which can serve as an alternative source of renewable fulvic acid, alongside soil and coal. This study aims to conduct the fulvic acid extraction process using a microwave extractor. The extraction process was carried out using H2O2 solvents with concentrations of 18, 21, and 24% and various sample types (OPEFB, shilajit, and commercial fulvic acid fertilizer), with three repetitions. The resulting liquid fulvic acid extract was then made into powder using freeze-drying. Quantitative testing was conducted using the spectrophotometric method, while qualitative testing employed Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR), spectrofluorometry, a CHN analyzer, and Thermogravimetric Analysis - Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA-DSC). The results showed that the best solvent concentration for the fulvic acid extraction process was H2O2, 21% of the total in the OPEFB sample. The highest fulvic acid content was found in the OPEFB sample at 23.59%; in the shilajit sample, it was 9.62%, and in the commercial fulvic acid fertilizer sample, it was 6.97%. The characterization results from spectrophotometric analysis, elemental analysis, and TGA-DSC analysis showed the potential of fulvic acid in the OPEFB sample, as it exhibited similarities with the analysis results of commercial fulvic acid (shilajit & commercial fulvic acid fertilizer).
Co-Authors Ayu Rahayu Saraswanti Didiek Hadjar Goenadi Djoko Santoso Donny Nugraha Kalbuadi Erliza Hambali Farhan Palgunadi Fauziatul Fitriyah Firda Dimawarnita Irma Kresnawaty Kenny Lischer Khairy Yunda Maharani Sutanto Sutanto