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All Journal Jambura Agribusiness Journal Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal
Dwi Rachmina
IPB University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Optimizing the Integrated Farming System of Coffee and Goat to Maximize Farmers' Income in North Sumatra, Indonesia Dinda Aslam Nurul Hida; Dwi Rachmina; Amzul Rifin
Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Panji Sakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (547.861 KB) | DOI: 10.37637/ab.v6i1.1147

Abstract

Most coffee farmers in North Sumatra still need to implement an integrated coffee and goat cultivation system. Only 0.2% of farmers have implemented the program. An integrated farming system cannot be implemented due to limited resources, and optimal conditions for an integrated farming system for coffee plants and goat livestock in North Sumatra have yet to be found. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimal conditions for an integrated farming system for coffee plants and goat livestock to maximize farmers' income. The sample size is six farming units spread across three districts: Simalungun, North Tapanuli, and Karo districts in North Sumatra Province. Quantitative analysis using a linear programming model was carried out computationally with the help of LINDO 6.1 software. The study results show that the revenue for the optimal solution from the integration model generates IDR 169,358,700.00, 1.04% higher than the actual income. This was due to an increase in coffee bean productivity to 1.68 tons.ha-1 per year with a simple shading coffee pattern, namely coffee planting with a cover crop of 300 trees per ha, as well as an increase in the number of goats kept. , from the actual condition of 59.33 goats to 117 goats. Farmers are advised to utilize all products between coffee and goat farms as their respective production inputs and not sell intermediate products.
Do Public Debt and Debt Service Support or Constrain Indonesia’s Agricultural Sector? Muhammad Azizan; Dwi Rachmina; Novindra Novindra
Jambura Agribusiness Journal VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, 2026: JANUARY-JUNE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37046/jaj.v7i2.37279

Abstract

Numerous studies have been conducted that concentrate on enhancing the efficacy of the agricultural sector, highlighting the significance of technical factors as well as the implications of climate change. To this point, there exists a deficiency of research exploring the impact of fiscal policy on the agricultural sector in Indonesia. This study provides novel empirical evidence on how debt and its associated risks influence the agricultural sector. Annual macroeconomic data from 1990 to 2023 were used to examine the relationship between debt, debt service, foreign direct investment, fertilizer consumption, and land area to the GDP of the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The examination was conducted employing the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) methodology to discern both short-term and long-term associations among the variables. The results show that in the long run, public debt is positively related to the share of GDP in the agricultural sector, while the cost of debt service is negatively related. In the short term, only a few specific variables show a significant influence on the GDP of the agricultural sector. These results affirm that indebtedness contributes positively to the agricultural sector, whereas the expenses associated with servicing that debt may hinder the sector's contribution. This study provides empirical evidence that fiscal policy plays a crucial role in the agricultural sector and needs to be considered. Therefore, debt management must be directed at an efficient and effective allocation, taking into account the benefits of loans and the risks posed by interest payment obligations and debt installments. The study builds on the fiscal policy literature that affects key sectors of developing countries. The use of annual data with 34 observations, as well as indicators of GDP in the agricultural sector, implies that the results of the study reflect more structural changes and sectoral proportions in the economy.
Co-Authors Amzul Rifin Dinda Aslam Nurul Hida Muhammad Azizan novindra .