Yuni Eka Anggraini, Yuni Eka
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Analisis Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan Terhadap Keluhan Penyakit Kulit Zahtamal, Zahtamal; Restila, Ridha; Restuastuti, Tuti; Anggraini, Yuni Eka; Yusdiana, Yusdiana
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2022): Februari 2022
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.21.1.9-17

Abstract

Latar belakang: Masalah sanitasi lingkungan antara lain ketersediaan air bersih, kondisi fisik rumah, keberadaan vektor dan binatang pembawa penyakit masih menjadi pemicu tingginya penyakit kulit di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan sanitasi lingkungan terhadap keluhan penyakit kulit di masyarakat.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain  cross sectional. Variabel dependen adalah keluhan penyakit kulit, sedangkan variabel independen antara lain sumber air bersih dan air minum, jamban, saluran pembuangan air limbah (SPAL), kondisi rumah (tata ruang, sekat pada dapur, dinding rumah, ventilasi ruang keluarga dan kamar tidur, lubang udara pada dapur, dan kepadatan hunian kamar tidur), tanda keberadaan binatang dan vektor pembawa penyakit (tikus, kecoa, nyamuk, serangga). Pengumpulan data variabel independen dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi, sedangkan variabel dependen dilakukan melalui variabel dependen (keluhan penyakit kulit) dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan klinis dan hasil diagnosis oleh dokter spesialis kulit dan kelamin.  Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh masyarakat di desa Ranah. Jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus estimasi proporsi didapatkan jumlah sampel 245 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling.  Data dianalisis dengan chi-square dan regresi logistik berganda.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 36,73% (95% CI: 30,69% - 42,76%) responden mengalami keluhan penyakit kulit. Analisis bivariat didapatkan hanya ventilasi tidak memenuhi syarat yang berhubungan signifikan terhadap masalah kesehatan kulit (p value 0,001). Sementara sumber air bersih dan air minum, jamban,SPAL), jenis lantai rumah, kondisi rumah lainnya dan keberadaan binatang dan vektor pembawa penyakit tidak berhubungan signifikan terhadap keluhan penyakit kulit (p value>0,05).  Analisis multivariat diperoleh hasil faktor risiko yang paling berhubungan adalah ventilasi ruang keluarga (p value 0,0001, adjusted OR 6,34), kemudian SPAL (pvalue 0,02 adjusted OR 2,51), dan keberadaan vektor pembawa penyakit (serangga) (p value 0,007 adjusted OR 2,44)Simpulan: Penelitian ini membuktikan faktor lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhahap keluhan penyakit kulit  adalah ventilasi, sumber air minum, SPAL,  dan keberadaan serangga. ABSTRACT Title: Relationship of Environmental sanitation with Complaints of Skin DiseaseBackground: Environmental sanitation problems include the availability of clean water, the physical condition of the house, the presence of vectors and disease-carrying animals that still trigger high levels of skin disease in the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental sanitation and complaints of skin diseases in the community.Method: This study used a quantitative approach with a sectional corss study design. Data collection for the independent variables was carried out by interview and observation, while the dependent variable was carried out through clinical interviews. The environmental aspects studied were sources of clean and drinking water, latrines, sewerage (SPAL), house conditions (layout, kitchen partition, walls of permanent houses, house and bedroom ventilation, air holes in the kitchen, and room density), and signs of the presence of animals and disease-carrying vectors (rats, cockroaches, mosquitoes, insects, and flies). The number of samples was 245 people taken by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed by chi-square and multiple logistic regression.Result: The results of this study showed that 36.73% (95% CI: 30.69% - 42.76%) of respondents had complaints of skin disease. Bivariate analysis found that only ventilation had a significant effect on skin health problems (Pvalue 0.001). Meanwhile, clean and drinking water sources, latrines, sewerage), types of house floors, other house conditions and the presence of animals and disease-carrying vectors did not have a significant relationship with skin problems (p value> 0.05). Multivatiate analysis showed that the most influential risk factors were house ventilation (p value 0.0001, adjusted OR 6.34), then SPAL (p value 0.02 adjusted OR 2.51), and the presence of disease-carrying vectors (insects) (p. value 0.007 adjusted OR 2.44)Conclusion: Environmental factors that affect symptoms of skin disease in the community are air ventilation, SPAL, and the presence of insects. The sanitation factor was not significantly related.
INFEKSI KUSTA PASCA INFEKSI COVID-19 : ANCAMAN PENYAKIT TROPIS TERABAIKAN PASCA PANDEMI BAGI INDONESIA Simanjuntak, Arya Marganda; Marbun, Patricia Dean Ully; Anggraini, Yuni Eka
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 10 No 1 (2023): JIMKI (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia) Volume 10 Nomor 1 Periode M
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v10i1.513

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is still a health problem in Indonesia and as the third world largest contributor the number of cases ranging from 8% world’s cases. Leprosy has various challenges in Indonesia, such as negative stigma, public reluctance to seek medical treatment and comply with medication and the pandemic. Pandemic COVID-19 seems to cover up leprosy cases in Indonesia. A Population-based study in Brazil showed that the impact of pandemic as increasing the diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy. Correlation studies COVID-19 and Leprosy is still unknown. No article identified about leprosy and COVID-19 related in Indonesia. Researchers are trying to explore more about leprosy infection and COVID-19 mechanisms that may occur and also probable condition that would happen in Indonesia. Methods: This literature review sourced from Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar according to the inclusion criteria and evaluated and studied. Discussion: Patient would had Lymphopenia after COVID-19. This supports growth of leprosy in the patient’s body as the patient contact with other leprosy patient. The growth will be progressive due to decreased immunity in COVID-19 patients that would persist for a certain period of time. Increasing severity of COVID-19, the greater the susceptibility of the patient to be infected with leprosy. This allows for a sudden spike in leprosy cases after the pandemic. Solution that can be carried out by the government, such as education to eradicate stigma, to serological examination of IgM PGL-1 are needed to find leprosy case as early as possible, especially in patients with sublclinical phase. Finding cases of leprosy as early as possible is needed so that it can be treated before the occurrence of disability in the patient. Conclusion: Infection of COVID-19 would make patient more susceptible for leprosy infection to growth progressively hence increasing case of leprosy after the pandemic if the case is not found as early as possible especially in subclinical phase of Leprosy infection.