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Optimization of Rotation Speed, Disc Diameter, and Lighting Time in Batik Waste Treatment Using Rotary Algae Biofilm Reactor (RABR) with Ulva sp. Raharjo, Sonya Hakim; Palupi, Bekti; Syaifullah, Rangga Yudha; Yohanes; Sekaringgalih, Ratri; Hidayati, Nurul
Eksergi Vol 22 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/eksergi.v22i3.15084

Abstract

Batik is one of the cultural heritages in Indonesia that must be maintained and preserved. The batik industry process itself produces liquid waste that comes from the coloring processing, washing, wax removing, also rinsing. Batik waste, if not treated properly, can harm the environment. Various studies have shown that effluent treatment using the Rotary Algae Biofilm Reactor (RABR) method is promising. This research focuses on improving the RABR design and optimal conditions for treating batik wastewater, as well as utilizing the synergy between batik production and Ulva sp. The variables used in this research are the rotation speed of 20, 30, and 40 rpm, the lightning time for 0, 6, and 12 hours, and the disk diameter size of 9, 11, and 13 cm. The parameters that analyzed are BOD, COD, and pH levels. Waste treatment optimization in this research uses the RSM with a combination of Design Expert 13 software. Based on the results, the most optimal batik wastewater treatment variable is when the disk diameter is 10.306 mm, the rotation speed is 20 rpm, and the lightning time is 7.805 hours, yielding response values of 55.673 mg/L for BOD, 25.538 mg/L for COD, and 10.406 for pH.
IMPROVED HARDNESS AND CORROSION BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM 6061 ALLOY THROUGH ECAP PROCESSING Sekaringgalih, Ratri; Putrayasa, I. Nyoman Gede; Puspasari, Vinda; Wardono, Joko Tri; Yustisia, Ari; Ari Kurniawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v16i2.1524

Abstract

The study was done to evaluate the effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) processing on the hardness, optical morphology, and corrosion behavior of Al-6061 alloy. The samples were first annealed, and continued with ECAP process using the Bc route at 120° of internal channel angle with variation of passes (one, two, three, and four). The examination of corrosion resistance of Al-6061 alloy was examined using open circuit potential measurement, tafel polarization, and cyclic polarization. Moreover, the morphology of Al-6061’s surface after corrosion test was also studied using an optical microscope. The hardness test increased gradually with the addition of pass number in ECAP processing from 48.60 HB (0-pass) to 110.8 HB (4-passes). ECAP processing affects the microstructure of Al-6061 alloy, where the elongated grains are aligned parallel to the extrusion direction. Furthermore, the grain size of samples with higher pass numbers is more homogeny than samples with lower pass numbers. Meanwhile, the Tafel Polarization curves showed that ECAP processing in all samples decreased the corrosion rate from 0.6263 mmpy (as-annealed sample) to 0.1508 mmpy (4-passes sample). This phenomenon reveals that the corrosion resistance of Al-6061 alloy samples raises by the existence of ECAP processing. According to the morphological observation of Al-6061 samples, grain refinement due to ECAP processing could improve corrosion resistance.
BIOETHANOL FROM CHEESE WASTE (WHEY) USING KLUYVEROMYCES MARXIANUS Alif Nur Laili Rachmah; Ratri Sekaringgalih; Binti Ruliana; Ansori Ansori
Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Sains Vol 4 No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51673/jips.v4i3.1799

Abstract

Alternatives to petroleum scarcity are of much concern to researchers. The development of bioethanol is one of the renewable energies that must be supported by research from various sources of raw materials so that it can be converted into bioethanol. Generally, the raw material of bioethanol used contains sugar and starch. if biomass used sugar cane and cassava then the availability of food will also be threatened. Therefore one of the alternative raw materials that can be used is industrial waste cheese (whey). Whey is the side of the product cheese industry, which contains 4-5%. The aim of the study is to optimate whey fermentation to the production of bioethanol using Kluyveromyces marxianus with the variation of time and starter volume. Bioethanol production with raw material lactose which is contained in whey used Kluyveromyces Marxianus with variabel changed time fermentation and starter volume. For time fermentation variables are 24, 48, 60, 72 dan 84 hours, and for volume starter variabel are 20%, 22%, dan 24% v/v. The highest content of bioethanol production used Kluyveromyces Marxianus on variable starter volume 24% at time 84 hours was obtained 0,32% bioethanol content with pH 3,5