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CLASSROOM INTERVENTION: READING TONI MORRISON’S A MERCY WITHIN INDONESIAN CONTEXT Manggong, Lestari
Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 17, No 2 (2017): OKTOBER 2017
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v17i2.9657

Abstract

Since knowledge often suits a situation, knowledge can work as a strategy. Spivak (1993) emphasizes that classroom can be staged as intervention. In the classroom, a case, a theory, or a concept is proposed, and students are encouraged to intervene. In Spivak’s “teaching machine”, it is strategic to always move outside and not be like the mainstream. To do this, one must inhabit, invest, and criticize the knowledge put in hand. With this in mind, this essay attempts to explore how reading literature can help Indonesians negotiate their identities across languages, generations, and cultures, and in the end, would look critically at the politics of identity and culture. This article argues that reading Toni Morrison’s A Mercy provides perspectives on the relevance of teaching American literature within Indonesian context. Tzvetan Todorov’s (1982) theory on the conquest of other helps the analysis on the novel’s colonial issue, while the conquest of America by female characters in the novel is discussed within the frame of feminist studies. Intervention in this case is conducted to question what can be reflected upon such issues for students in Indonesia whose country experienced (post)colonialism and is continuously tackling with the issue of gender equality.Keywords: American literature; feminist studies; Indonesian context; intervention; (post)colonialismKarena pengetahuan sering sesuai dengan situasi, pengetahuan dapat digunakan sebagai strategi. Spivak (1993) menekankan bahwa ruang kelas dapat dikondisikan sebagai medium intervensi. Di ruang kelas, sebuah kasus, teori, atau konsep diajukan, dan siswa didorong untuk melakukan intervensi. Dalam konteks mesin pengajaran yang dikonsepkan oleh Spivak, selalu bergerak keluar (tidak mainstream) merupakan hal yang sangat strategis untuk dilakukan. Untuk dapat melakukan ini, seseorang harus benar-benar memahami, menginvestasikan, dan mengkritik pengetahuan yang ada. Atas dasar pemikiran ini, artikel ini mencoba untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana membaca karya sastra dapat membantu orang Indonesia menegosiasikan identitas mereka melalui bahasa, generasi, dan budaya. Hingga pada akhirnya, akan terlihat kritik terhadap politik identitas dan budaya. Artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa membaca novel A Mercy karya Toni Morrison dapat memberikan perspektif tentang relevansi pengajaran sastra Amerika dalam konteks Indonesia. Teori Tzvetan Todorov (1982) tentang penaklukan yang lain membantu analisis isu kolonial novel tersebut, sementara penaklukan Amerika oleh tokoh perempuan dalam novel tersebut akan dibahas dalam kerangka studi feminis. Intervensi dalam kasus ini dilakukan untuk mempertanyakan apa yang dapat tercermin pada isu-isu tersebut bagi siswa di Indonesia yang negaranya mengalami kolonialisme dan terus-menerus menangani masalah kesetaraan jender.Kata kunci: kesusastraan Amerika; kajian feminis; konteks Indonesia;intervensi; (pos)kolonialisme  
Analysis of Free Indirect Discourse Narratives in the Works of Austen, Joyce, and Kingston Manggong, Lestari
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (210.006 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.580

Abstract

Language, with the complexity of its structure, can be problematic in terms of interpreting works of literature. This essay discusses the problems perceived in the process of interpretation of free indirect discourse narratives in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice and Emma, James Joyce’s A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man and The Dead, and Maxine Hong Kingston’s Tripmaster Monkey. Narratives with free indirect discourse opens up possibility of misinterpretation caused by the misconception of whose point of view the story is told. By looking at the works within the concept of narratology by Chatman (1978) and Prince (2003), such narratives—which apply the viewpoint of omniscient narrators—cause ambiguity to the voice of external and internal focalisers. This is due to the fact that the use of such narratives blends the two types of focalisations. The findings of this research lead to an argument that through external focalisation, the view becomes objective. Yet through internal focalisation, the view tends to become subjective as it is infiltrated by the character’s view. Such an argument then gives way to a conclusion that narratives with free indirect discourse gives effect to irony in the story-telling process of the works discussed. Keywords: free indirect discourse, narratology, focalisation
Workshop Menulis Fiksi Autobiografis Dalam Skema Autobiografi Poskolonial Untuk Guru Sekolah Al-Irsyad Satya Islamic School Bandung Manggong, Lestari; Adipurwawidjana, Ari Jogaiswara; Maulana, Sandya
JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat) Vol 2 No 2 (2018): JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat)
Publisher : Dewan Pimpinan Daerah (DPD) Forum Dosen Indonesia JATIM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (559.507 KB) | DOI: 10.36339/je.v2i2.146

Abstract

As an international school which is an affiliation of Al-Irsyad Singapore, the curriculum applied at Al-IrsyadSatya Islamic School, Kotabaru Parahyangan, Bandung is Cambridge and national curriculae. Thus, the language usedin the classroom and in school area is English. The combination of the two curriculae causes two cultures (English andIndonesian) to meet.The teaching-learning activities conducted by teachers who were participants of the workshop isbasically the area where the two cultures meet. It is within this frame that postcolonial context becomes necessary as anapproach lens of the writing activity conducted in the workshop within the scheme of Community Engagement. Thisarticle describes the workshop on writing autogiobraphical fiction in the scheme of postcolonial autobiography forteachers of the English Department, Al-Irsyad Satya Islamic School, Kotabaru Parahyangan, Bandung. The participantswere teachers whose daily responsibilities are related to teaching-learning activities in English. This workshop is projectedto assist teachers in having consciousness both within themselves and their surroundings, and also the ability to identifytheir positions in the global world. The main activity of this workshop is writing fiction whose materials related topersonal experiences
POSTCOLONIAL ECOCRITICISM IN HUNGER BY ELISE BLACKWELL Manggong, Lestari
International Journal of Humanity Studies (IJHS) Vol 3, No 2 (2020): March 2020
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (418.608 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/ijhs.v3i2.2184

Abstract

Hunger, a novella by a contemporary American novelist, Elise Blackwell, centres in the story of a Russian botanist, Nikolai Vavilov, during the Leningrad siege in 1941. Vavilov protects his collection of seeds at the Research Institute of Plant Industry in Leningrad against all odds, to be preserved for research for future use. In the recounting moments during the siege, the narrative provides parallelism between Leningrad and the ancient city of Babylon. In postcolonial writing, this can be perceived as a form of nostalgic projection of the past (Walder, 2011). Such a parallelism triggers a postcolonial narrative analysis on the pairing of the two as affinity, focusing on the significance of the comparison between the two cities (between the apocalyptic present and the glorious past). The contribution of this parallelism will be discussed to understand the novella as a narrative mode of ecocriticism, with regards to the idea of prioritizing seeds over human lives, which also acts as the steering issue stirring the plot. By mainly referring to Garrard (2004) and Huggan and Tiffin (2010) on ecocriticism and postcolonial ecocriticism, this essay in general aims to investigate how the novella contributes new perspectives on the intertwining between postcolonial studies and ecocriticism.
FEMALE CHARACTERS IN THREE FANTASY NOVELS BY LEIGH BARDUGO Azalia, Humaira Diaz; Sachmadi, Ida Farida; Manggong, Lestari
Serat: Journal of Literary & Cultural Studies Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Serat, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/serat.v2i2.61213

Abstract

Three fantasy books Shadow and Bone (2012), Six of Crows (2015), and Ninth House (2019)by Leigh Bardugo, feature three female characters in an ambiguous position by giving them conflicting characteristics. This study aims to show that these young adult novels present the female characters in an ambiguous position and how they have the characteristics of Women’s Writing. This study is done by analysing the female characters through the narrative of the story and through the characters themselves. The analysis found that the novel's narratives for the three female characters use contradictory actions by using the characteristics of witches and heroes thus making way for the ambiguous stance and by incorporating modern struggles that women go through showing the characteristics of Women’s Writing. It can be concluded that by using contradictory actions through the characteristics of witches and heroes in the three female characters, an ambiguous position could be portrayed and how through them, the characteristics of Women’s Writing can be seen.
Creating a Home Elsewhere: Diasporic Imagination in Lee Isaac Chung’s Minari Fauziyah, Alifya Aini; Manggong, Lestari; Maulana, Sandya
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 24, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v24i1.6373

Abstract

Minari, a film screened in 2020 directed by Lee Isaac Chung, presents a Korean immigrant family having moved to Arkansas in fulfilling their American dream at the cost of being displaced and out of place. By focusing on the attempt made by Jacob, the father, to recreate the imagined home which refers to South Korea, this study aims to show how the displacement and unhomeliness in the construction of diasporic imagination are displayed in the film. David, the son, not only feels out of place but is also obligated to feel a kind of belonging to both cultures. Jacob’s mother-in-law, Soon-Ja, having newly arrived in the US brings recent memories of home into the family that represent the Korean immigrant perspective of living in the US for the first time. This approach will show how the American film attempts to incorporate the new forms of portraying the ‘elsewhere’ which is an important characteristic of American dream narratives. The analysis is conducted by referring to Bhabha’s unhomeliness and Walder’s displacement in comprehending the contrast between the stereotypical characteristics of Korean immigrants and the American dream through the dialogues and scenes. We would like to argue that Minari follows the convention of the American dream narratives. However, due to displacement and unhomeliness, the film shows how Korean immigrants experience being awkwardly immersed within the mainstream American cultural discourse.