Lim, Henry W
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Lucio’s phenomenon: A report on six patients in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia Marissa, Melani; Rihatmadja, Rahadi; Surya, Denny; Lim, Henry W; Menaldi, Sri Linuwih
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia Vol. 5, No. 1
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Background: Lucio's phenomenon (LP) is a rare variant of leprosy reaction, with the clinical manifestation of “necrotizing erythema.” LP was observed in patients with lepromatous leprosy who have not received or completed the treatment, and it is especially evident in patients with diffuse lepromatous leprosy (DLL), known as Lucio-Latapi’s leprosy. LP occurs due to M. leprae invading the blood vessels, causing endothelial damage that leads to thrombosis, ischemia, infarction, and tissue necrosis. The clinical features of the disease are erythematous lesions that can be accompanied by vesicles or bullae, with ulcers forming scar tissues. Histopathological examination can help establish the diagnosis of LP. Until now, there is still controversy about LP management. Multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy (MDT-MB) is the preferred line of treatment. Lucio-Latapi’s leprosy and LP are commonly found in Mexico and Central America, but rarely reported in Indonesia. Case Illustration: We report here the clinical description and development of six patients with LP observed in the tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia over a five-year period from 2013 to 2017. Discussion: All patients were diagnosed using clinical and histopathological examination, and all of them presented with ulceration and vasculitis. They were treated with MDT-MB WHO regimens and systemic corticosteroids. Five patients were alive, and one died due to extensive cutaneous lesions that lead to sepsis. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and prompt institution of multidrug therapy with systemic corticosteroids may improve the prognosis and outcome of LP.
Correlation between clinical and histopathological findings of five puzzling cases of cutaneous tuberculosis Miranda, Eliza; Widaty, Sandra; Sirait, Sondang Pandjaitan; Rizky, Luddwi Achmad; Menaldi, Sri Linuwih; Lim, Henry W
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia Vol. 5, No. 1
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Background: Cutaneous tuberculosis refers to the clinical manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis affecting the skin. Determining the type of cutaneous tuberculosis from a patient afflicted with is challenging because clinical and histopathological similarities exist between types. Moreover, confirming a diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis is difficult because of its similarity with other diseases. For instance, typical and atypical cutaneous tuberculosis may have similar manifestations, but each disease is managed by completely different approaches. Microbiological examination with polymerase chain reaction and bacterial culture are the gold standard methods used to confirm a diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis. However, results often demonstrate negative findings. Case Illustration: Five cases of cutaneous tuberculosis, which include two cases of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis, two cases of scrofuloderma, and one case of lupus vulgaris were presented in this article. Four of the five cases demonstrated significant improvement after initiation of an antituberculosis drug regimen. Discussion: Diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis in these cases was confirmed through clinical findings and histopathological and microbiological examination. Conclusion: A negative result following microbiological examination does not completely exclude the diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis. Investigating the pathognomonic findings of cutaneous tuberculosis through histopathological examination is important to differentiate among its types correctly. Therefore, correlations between clinical and histopathological results are essential to establish a diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis.
The management of seborrheic dermatitis 2020 Widaty, Sandra; Bramono, Kusmarinah; Listiawan, Muhammad Yulianto; Yosi, Ariyati; Miranda, Eliza; Rahmayunita, Githa; Brahmanti, Herwinda; Lim, Henry W
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia Vol. 5, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic relapsing dermatitis manifesting in the seborrheic area, affecting infants or adults. In Indonesia, the prevalence of SD is 0.99–5.8% of all dermatology cases from 2013 to 2015. SD has been known to be a prominent manifestation among HIV patients, but there is an increasing trend in the general population. Therefore, in 2017, the Indonesian Society for Dermatology and Venereology proposed a consensus for the management of SD in Indonesia based on the discussion from 12 dermatological centers. Concurrent with the development of new drugs, this study aims to evaluate and develop a guideline for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in Indonesia to update the previous guidelines in 2017. Methods: Systematic review was based on evidence-based methods, and scientific evidences were acquired through systematic search. Evidence analysis was in accordance with the level of evidence. The available evidences were evaluated, and conclusion was based on the grade of recommendation. Critical appraisal was conducted by experts in dermatology and venereology. Results: Severity of SD can be determined by using the Seborrheic Dermatitis Area Severity Index. The principle of scalp SD management is controlling the scalp condition in a cost-effective manner to make patients comfortable. The recommendations for treatment of adult SD are topical agents, such as antifungals, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents with antifungal properties, corticosteroids, and calcineurin inhibitors. Conclusion: We have updated and added newer agents for the treatment of SD. The approach is divided into scalp or nonscalp and also adult or infantile SD.