Mukhammad Lutfi
Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

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STUDI KOMPARATIF EKSISTENSI MANUSIA DALAM PANDANGAN J.P SARTRE DAN S.H NASHR Mukhammad Lutfi
Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Undiksha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jfi.v6i2.56528

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji eksistensi manusia dalam pandangan Jean Paul Sartre dan Sayyed Hossein Nasr. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutika dan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Metode deskriptif analisis digunakan untuk memaparkan bagaimana eksistensi manusia pandangan Barat dan Islam yang dalam hal ini difokuskan pada pemikiran Sartre dan Nasr. Jenis penelitian ini adalah library research. Hasilnya ditemukan ada titik temu sekaligus titik pisah dalam pemikiran keduanya. Titik temu pandangan Sartre dan Nasr terletak pada manusia sama-sama bereksistensi sebagai subjek dan objek. Titik pisah yang sangat mencolok terutama terilihat bagaimana keduanya melihat faktor lain di luar diri manusia, bisa jadi itu makhluk lain, manusia lain, atau bahkan Tuhan. Dilihat dari sisi manusia sebagai objek, Sartre berpendapat bahwa manusia yang tidak memiliki kesadaran akan nasibnya, maka manusia itu tergolong ’etre-en-soi, sementara Nasr melihatnya sebagai fitrah bagi manusia karena Tuhan telah menentukan nasib manusia sebelumnya. Dari sisi subjek, Nasr berpendapat manusia memang memiliki kekuasaan atas dirinya (khalīfah) sebagai subjek, namun realitas itu merupakan amanat yang diberikan Tuhan kepada manusia, sementara Sartre mengartikan kekuasaan atau kebebasan itu sebagai sesuatu yang mutlak (’etre-pour-soi). Meski faktisitas menjerat dan menghantui manusia, Sartre menganggapnya sebagai materi kosong belaka. Nasr mengatakan manusia aktif sebagai khalīfah dan pasif menjadi hamba.
Satu Abad Nahdlatul Ulama dalam sebuah Qasidah Karya KH. Afifuddin Muhajir (Analisis Semiotika Riffaterre) Mukhammad Lutfi; Abdullah Abdullah; Darsita Suparno
Diwan : Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Vol 9 No 1 (2023): KAJIAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA ARAB
Publisher : Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/diwan.v9i1.36179

Abstract

The goal of this research is to uncover the true meaning of a Qasidah that employs symbols and indirect expression. The material object studied is Qasidah Nahdliyah Satu Abad Nahdlatul Ulama by KH. Afifuddin Muhajir, also known as Qasidah NSANU, which is a qasidah written to commemorate the centennial of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) on 16 Rajab 1444 H (7 February 2023 AD) according to the Hijri calendar. The descriptive qualitative method with Riffaterre's semiotic approach was used in this study. Riffaterre provides stages for understanding a poem's full meaning, including heuristic reading, hermeneutic reading, determining models, variants, and matrices, and determining hyprograms. The study's findings indicate that the Qasidah NSANU as a whole contains content about the history of NU's founding, its role in maintaining Indonesian unity, and the figures who played a role in NU's founding. This matrix was discovered after obtaining models in the form of words, phrases, and sentences. It is titled "a century of NU: the figure behind its founding and its attitude in maintaining Indonesian unity." The potential hypogram of the Qasidah's creation is a response from the Qasidah's creator's gratitude for the hundred years of NU, which is then poured into the Qasidah's text. Meanwhile, the actual hypogram was inspired by Hadlratus Shaykh Hasyim Asy'ari's jargon "Hubbul Wathan minal iman," as well as the song "Subbanul Wathan," or more colloquially "ya lal Wathan," composed by KH. Abdul Wahab Chasbullah. مستلخص الهدف من هذا البحث هو الكشف عن المعنى الشامل للقصيدة التي تستخدم الرموز وعدم مباشرة التعبير. الموضوع المادي الذي تمت دراسته هو قصيدة نهضية في قرن واحد بنهضة العلماء (Qasidah Nahdliyah Satu Abad Nahdlatul Ulama) بقلم كياهي الهاج عفيف الدين مهاجر⸻المشار إليه فيما بعد باسم Qasidah NSANU، هي قصيدة تم تكوينها خصيصًا للترحيب بالذكرى المئوية لنهضة العلماء (NU) في 16 رجب 1444 هـ (7 فبراير 2023 م) والتي يتم حسابها على أساس التقويم الهجري. الطريقة المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي الطريقة الوصفية النوعية مع منهج ريفاتير السيميائي. يقدم ريفاتير مراحل لفهم المعنى الشامل للقصيدة أوالشعر، أي من خلال القراءة الاستكشافية، والقراءة التأويلية، وتحديد النماذج (model)، والنوع (varian) والمصفوف (matriks) ، وتحديد الهيبوجرام. تظهر نتائج الدراسة أن Qasidah NSANU أساسا لها معنى عن تاريخ تأسيس NU، ودورها في الحفاظ على الوحدة الإندونيسية ، وكذلك الشخصيات التي لها دور في تأسيس NU. والمصفوفة التي تم الحصول عليها هي " في قرن واحد بنهضة العلماء: الشخصيات وراء تأسيسها وموقفها في الحفاظ على الوحدة الإندونيسية"، تم العثور على هذه المصفوفة بعد الحصول على نماذج في شكل كلمات وعبارات وجمل. الهيبوجرام المحتمل لإنشاء هذه القصيدة هو استجابة من امتنان مؤلف القصيدة لمئات السنين من NU ، والتي يتم سكبها بعد ذلك في نص القصيدة. في هذه الأثناء، تم استلهام الهيبوجرام الفعلي من المصطلح "hubbul wathan minal iman" لحضرة الشيخ هاشم أشعاري، وكذلك أغنية "syubbanul wathan" أو الأكثر شهرة “ya lal wathan”من ألحان كياهي الحاج عبد الوهاب حسب الله. الكلمات المفتاحية: قصيدة؛ عفيف الدين مهاجر؛ نهضة العلماء؛ السيميائي
The Dynamics of Communication in Ruqyah Sharia on Youtube: A Pragmatics Analysis of Interactions between Ustadz and the Patients Darsita Suparno; Akhmad Saehudin; Zam Zam Nurhuda; Mukhamamd Lutfi; Sabrina Maharani; Vina Ulva Mahfudhoh
Muslim English Literature Vol 2, No 1 (2023): Muslim English Literature
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/mel.v2i1.28519

Abstract

This study aims to identify linguistic expressions on utterances used in communication during ruqyah sharia happening. It is conducted using a pragmatic perspective and the descriptive qualitative method in analyzing data. Data from this research got from Youtube during the treatment of ruqyah sharia. This study used maxim theory to test the use of the cooperative principles among them during ruqyah sharia so we can get a system of the cooperative principle which is violated or obeyed by them. Based on findings and discussion, it can be seen the following. There are some conversations which violated by Ustadz and the patient conversation. There are about 2% violated the maxim of manner, 8% violated the maxim of relation, 5% violated the maxim of quality, and 3% violated the maxim of quantity. Some conversations are obeyed, namely 40 % obeyed the maxim of manner, 16 % obeyed the maxim of relation, 34% obeyed the maxim of quality, and 10 % obeyed the maxim of quantity. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that in ruqyah sharia, the theory of Grice (1975) about the cooperative principle can be tested in the use of the cooperative principle between ustadz and patients in the Indonesian context. Although the patient did not aware of his conversation, he can make good cooperative principles with Ustadz so the conversation can go smoothly and both speakers understand their conversation. 
Abū al-Qāsim al-Zajjājī dan Proses Selection-Choice dalam Membangun Argumen Naḥwu: Kajian Uṣūl al-Naḥwi Lutfi, Mukhammad
Al-Ma‘rifah Vol 20 No 1 (2023): Al-Ma'rifah: Jurnal Budaya, Bahasa, dan Sastra Arab
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/almakrifah.20.01.02

Abstract

This research focuses on the thought of Abū al-Qāsim al-Zajjājī and his contributions in naḥwu. By using descriptive qualitative approach, it was found that al-Zajjājī, who lived in the third and fourth centuries of the Hijriyah in Baghdad, with the style “khalaṭa al-madhabayn” tradition, compromised the Basrah and Kufah schools, in other terms, selection (ikhtiyār) and choice (intikhāb) opinions his predecessors. Such traditions have a strong contribution in influencing how al-Zajjājī studied and argued. Through selection and choice, al-Zajjājī proves that it is okay to take opinions from any circles, even through selection and choice it can help explain language phenomena as an introduction to classifying them into special discussions and things similar to them with the aim of expressing the language system with not fanatical to any one sect. The history above also plays a role in having a positive impact towards the maturity of naḥwu studies in subsequent generations, namely the Andalusian naḥwu network with all its past opinions then formulates or applies principles to naḥwu which are more mature and established.
Makna Lughah dan Syaraʿ pada Istilah-istilah di dalam Fath al-Muʿin: Analisis Semantik Toshihiko Izutsu Lutfi, Mukhammad; Hidayatullah, Moch. Syarif; Buana, Cahya
Kalimatuna: Journal of Arabic Research Vol 2, No 2 (2023): Kalimatuna: Journal of Arabic Research
Publisher : Department of Arabic Education - Faculty of Educational Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kjar.v2i2.36004

Abstract

The most important aspect in understanding fiqh is the study of Arabic language (linguistics). Linguistics includes principles relating to the way words convey their meaning, clarity, ambiguity and interpretation. The existence of terms that have lughah and syaraʻ meaning in Fath al-Muʻin attracts researcher to examine them further through semantic studies. This research focuses its discussion on terms that are defined with the lughah and syaraʻ meaning in Fath al-Muʻin, Toshihiko Izutsu's semantic analysis is used to identify the basic meaning, relational meaning and weltanschauung that apply therein. The results show that the lughah meaning is in line with what Izutsu calls basic meaning, and the syaraʻ meaning is in line with what is called relational meaning. Of course, syaraʻ (fiqh) is a relational context, because syaraʻ is smaller than the relational meaning which is more flexible depending on the context being discussed. The weltanschauung that operates is the weltanschauung fiqh, which means that the terms with the definitions of lughah and syaraʻ must be understood in the context of the fiqh worldview.
VARIASI PERLOKUSI DALAM CERPEN SANDALKARYA NURYANA ASMAUDI: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK PERSPEKTIF LEECH Lutfi, Mukhammad
INDONESIA: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Volume 2 Number 1 February 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59562/indonesia.v2i1.19291

Abstract

Variasi Perlokusi dalam Cerpen Sandal Karya Nuryana Asmaudi: Sebuah Tinjauan Pragmatik Perspektif Leech. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis variasi tindak tutur perlokusi yang ada di dalam cerpen "Sandal". Menurut Geofrey Leech terdapat 16 klasifikasi tindak tutur perlokusi. Pembagian tersebut, digunakan untuk menganalisis ujaran dalam cerpen "Sandal". Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Sumber data berasal dari dialog antar tokoh dalam cerpen tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membaca dan mencatat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis Miles dan Huberman. Adapun hasil penelitian ini ditemukan variasi tuturan perlokusi sebanyak 42 tuturan dengan perincian sebagai berikut:  9 tuturan get hearer think about, 6 tuturan bring hearer to do, 5 tuturan bring hearer to learn that, 4 tuturan distract, 3 tuturan impress, 3 tuturan relieve tension, 2 tuturan deceive, 2 tuturan embarras, 2 tuturan encourage, 2 tuturan persuade, 2 tuturan attrack attention, 1 tuturan frighten, 1 tuturan amuse.