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The difference of bond strength between multi step and self adhesive resin cements in indirect composite restoration Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah; Fadil, Moch. Richata; Armilia, Milly
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 22, No 1 (2010): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Resin based luting cement application generally requires pre-treatment procedure such as etching and adhesive application prior to cementation. This multi-step application technique might compromise bonding alternative effectiveness and is time consuming. An alternative for multi-step resin cement is the self-adhesive resin cement that combines the use of etch, adhesive and cement in one single application. The objective of this study was to compare the bonding effectiveness of the multi-step resin cement and the self-adhesive resin cement using tensile bond strength method towards indirect composite block dentin surface. This study was a true experimental research conducted by in vitro method on 30 flat dentin surfaces created from extracted lower premolars samples. Samples were divided into two groups, each 15 samples for multi-step and self-adhesive resin cements. An indirect composite block (2x2x10 mm) was then cemented to each dentin surface using multi-step resin cement (Rely X ARC, 3M ESPE) or self-adhesive resin cement (Rely X Unicem, 3M ESPE) according to manufactureâs instruction. Samples were storage for 24 hours in saline water and tensile bond strength of each samples were tested using the LRX Plus Lyod Instrument at 1 mm/minute speed. The result of the study concluded that the tensile bond strength of multi-step resin cement towards indirect composite restoration and dentin surface was significantly higher than the self-adhesive resin cement.

Penentuan diagnosis dalam perawatan saluran akar gigi 36 dengan radix entomolarisDiagnosis determination in the treatment of root canal teeth 36 with radix entomolaris Pratami, Risa; Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 30, No 2 (2018): Agustus
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Pendahuluan: Radix entomolaris (RE) merupakan sebuah variasi anatomi normal gigi molar pertama rahang bawah yang mempunyai akar tambahan pada sisi lingual. Keberadaan RE seringkali tidak terlihat secara klinis, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan perawatan endodontik. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk membahas mengenai penentuan diagnosis dan perawatan saluran akar gigi 36 yang memiliki radix entomolaris. Laporan kasus: Laporan kasus ini membahas mengenai pemeriksaan serta diagnosis RE pada gigi molar pertama kiri rahang bawah melalui teknik modifikasi sudut horizontal radiografi (horizontal tube shifting) dan menerapkan hukum orifis untuk melokalisasi saluran akar gigi dengan RE. Deteksi, diagnosis, dan perawatan yang sesuai pada RE menjadi hal penting untuk mencapai keberhasilan perawatan. Beberapa teknik untuk mengetahui keberadaan RE antara lain dengan modifikasi sudut horizontal dari cone beam pada pemeriksaan radiografi. Pemahaman mengenai outline akses pulpa yang berbentuk kotak atau trapesium, meluas hingga aspek distal-lingual juga merupakan tanda khas untuk melokalisasi orifis dari akar ini. Simpulan: Penentuan diagnosis dengan teknik modifikasi sudut horizontal radiografi (horizontal tube shifting) sebagai diagnosis awal yang akurat akan mencegah komplikasi dan tertinggalnya saluran akar RE saat perawatan saluran akar.Â ABSTRACTIntroduction : Radix entomolaris (RE) is a normal anatomic variation of mandibular first molar with an additional root in lingual aspect. The existence of RE clinically affects endodontic treatment, therefore detection, diagnosis, and proper treatment of RE are important to achieve a successful treatment. Modification in horizontal angle of cone beam during dental radiography can be utilized to confirm this anatomic variation. Rectangular or trapezium outline form of cavity, extends to distal-lingual aspect, can be made to locate this rootâs orifice. Meticulous examination, proper dental radiography technique, and accurate initial diagnosis will prevent the complications and missed canals of RE during root canal treatment which will lead to endodontic failures. Case Report: This case report discussed and reviewed the examination and diagnosis of radix entomolaris in permanent mandibular left first molar diagnosed through modification of radiography technique (horizontal tube shifting) and the application of orifice root map guidance to locate the additional root canal. Detection, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment of RE were essential for achieving a successful treatment. Some techniques to determine the existence of RE included modification of the horizontal angle of the cone beam on radiographic examination. An understanding of the pulp access outline that was square or trapezoidal, extending to the distal-lingual aspect was also a distinctive sign for localising the orifice from this radicular part. Conclusion: Determination of diagnosis by modifying the horizontal radiographic angle technique (horizontal tube shifting) as an accurate initial diagnosis will prevent complications and the loss of the RE root canal during root canal treatment.Â Keywords: Root canal treatment, radix entomolaris, horizontal tube shifting.

Cognitive awareness of online-sold prefabricated myofunctional appliances disadvantages among Bandung residents: cross-sectional study Suryanto, Shenny Shefira; Gayatri, Gita; Suwargiani, Anne Agustina; Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.45132

ABSTRACT Introduction: Prefabricated myofunctional appliances (PMAs), commonly known as teeth trainers, are one of myofunctional appliances. These appliances can be used in treating the teeth as well as the muscles. The individuals’ need for dental aesthetics today have led to the trend of marketing PMAs over-the-counter online. This is mostly caused by budget limitations that leads people to seek for alternative and more affordable orthodontic treatments. However, the use of over-the-counter PMAs may pose adverse effects to consumers. This study aims to assess the currents state of knowledge regarding the disadvantages of prefabricated myofunctional appliances among Bandung residents. Methods: This is a descriptive quantitative study, with a cluster random sampling technique. This study involved 100 Bandung residents from 30 different subdistricts, as determined by Slovin formula. The research instrument consisted of questionnaires which included 27-questions with sub variables of dental appearance, PMAs in general, indications, contraindications, advantages, and adverse effects of using over-the-counter PMAs online. The questionnaire was modified based on Bloom's taxonomy. The obtained results were further analyzed using frequent distribution. Results: A total of 30 respondents (30%) were classified as having low knowledge levels. 62 respondents (62%) were categorized as having moderate level of knowledge. and 8 respondents (8%) were categorized as being highly aware of the disadvantages of over-the-counter PMAs. Conclusions: People’s knowledge of the disadvantages of over-the-counter PMAs in Bandung is classified in a moderate level. KEY WORDS: prefabricated myofunctional appliance, myofunctional appliance, orthodontic myofunctional applianceTingkat pengetahuan masyarakat kota Bandung mengenai dampak buruk prefabricated myofunctional appliances yang dijual secara online: studi cross-sectional ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Prefabricated myofunctional appliances (PMAs) atau yang dikenal oleh masyarakat awam dengan teeth trainer merupakan sebuah alat myofungsional. PMAs tidak hanya bekerja pada gigi tetapi juga bekerja pada otot. Era modern ini kebutuhan individu akan estetika gigi menyebabkan terciptanya pasar penjualan PMAs secara bebas di online. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya keterbatasan biaya yang menyebabkan individu mencari alternatif perawatan ortodonti yang ekonomis. Penggunaan PMAs yang dibeli bebas secara online dapat menimbulkan bahaya bagi penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Bandung mengenai dampak buruk prefabricated myofunctional appliances yang dijual bebas secara online. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 100 masyarakat Kota Bandung dari 30 kecamatan yang telah dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang terdiri dari 27 pertanyaan yang mencakup subvariabel penampilan gigi, PMAs secara umum, indikasi, kontraindikasi, kelebihan, dan dampak buruk penggunaan PMAs yang dijual bebas secara online. Kuesioner ini dimodifikasi berdasarkan taksonomi Bloom. Hasil data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Sebanyak 30 responden (30%) tergolong tingkat pengetahuan rendah, 62 responden (62%) pada kategori sedang, dan 8 responden (8%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi terhadap dampak buruk dari PMAs yang dijual secara online. (4) Simpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Bandung mengenai dampak buruk prefabricated myofunctional appliances yang dijual secara online tergolong sedang. KATA KUNCI: prefabricated myofunctional appliance, alat myofunctional, orthodontic myofunctional appliance, online myofunctional appliance.

THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PARTICLE SIZE ON DENTIN TUBULI HARDNESS Sidiqa, Atia Nurul; Rajasa, Pahargyan Arya; Endrowahyudi, Hartanto; Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 9, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v9i2.20404

Background: Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is an effective root canal treatment, with calcium and hydroxyl ions effectively released on day 7. However, prolonged use can diminish dentinal tubule hardness and dissolve the hydroxyapatite crystals within them. Nanoparticle Ca(OH)2 demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity compared to conventional Ca(OH)2 because of its deeper penetration into the dentinal tubules.. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of particle size on dentinal tubule hardness. Methods: True experiment with fifteen premolars with one root canal, no caries, and apical closure were divided into three treatment groups: conventional Ca(OH)2 (group 1, n=5), Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles (group 2, n=5), and untreated (control group), n=5. All samples were incubated for 7 days, and hardness was measured using a micro-Vickers hardness tester at 1/3 of the root canal. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-whitney post hoc analysis was used to compare the mean microvickers hardness values among different groups. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The results showed that there was significant difference between conventional Ca(OH)2 (73.00 ± 2.71) and Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles (67.40 ± 0.62) p=0.01 and the control group (70.68 ± 1.70; p>0.05) and Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles p=0.03. Conclusions: The use of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles as an intracanal medicament for 7 days reduced dentin microhardness, whereas conventional Ca(OH)2 did not result in any change in microhardness. Particle size affects the hardness of dentinal tubules.

FLOWABILITY OF NANOPARTICLES OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PALIMANAN IN DENTINAL TUBULE Sidiqa, Atia Nurul; Muqdas, Faza Annisa; Artilia, Ira; Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah; Joni, I Made; Maskoen, Ani Melani
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.11.2.282-289

Background: Intracanal medicaments Ca(OH)₂ must have the ability to contact directly with bacteria adhering to the dentinal tubules. However, the narrow and complex shape of the root canal makes it difficult for Ca(OH)2 to penetrate the root canal apically. This research aimed to assess the flowability of nanoparticle Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan by quantifying the penetration of the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canal.Methods: This research comprised two distinct groups: one group included nanoparticles of Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan, while the other consisted of conventional Ca(OH)₂. The paste was then applied to standardized root canals (n=3 per group) with 5 times measurements for each sample. All samples were then incubated at 37oC, 100% humidity. The flowability of the root canals was measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on day 14. The data was analyzed using ANOVA and a post-hoc t-test, with a significance level of p<0.05.Results: The use of Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan has been found to be more effective in reaching deeper into the dentinal tubules of the root canal, particularly in the coronal, middle, and apical areas, compared to traditional Ca(OH)₂. This occurs because the particle size of Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan is smaller with a more rounded shape than conventional Ca(OH)₂ so that it to flow into narrow and complex areas, especially in the apical root canals.Conclusion: Nanoparticle Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan flow deeper than conventional Ca(OH)₂

FLOWABILITY OF NANOPARTICLES OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PALIMANAN IN DENTINAL TUBULE Sidiqa, Atia Nurul; Muqdas, Faza Annisa; Artilia, Ira; Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah; Joni, I Made; Maskoen, Ani Melani
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.11.2.282-289

Background: Intracanal medicaments Ca(OH)₂ must have the ability to contact directly with bacteria adhering to the dentinal tubules. However, the narrow and complex shape of the root canal makes it difficult for Ca(OH)2 to penetrate the root canal apically. This research aimed to assess the flowability of nanoparticle Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan by quantifying the penetration of the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canal.Methods: This research comprised two distinct groups: one group included nanoparticles of Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan, while the other consisted of conventional Ca(OH)₂. The paste was then applied to standardized root canals (n=3 per group) with 5 times measurements for each sample. All samples were then incubated at 37oC, 100% humidity. The flowability of the root canals was measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on day 14. The data was analyzed using ANOVA and a post-hoc t-test, with a significance level of p<0.05.Results: The use of Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan has been found to be more effective in reaching deeper into the dentinal tubules of the root canal, particularly in the coronal, middle, and apical areas, compared to traditional Ca(OH)₂. This occurs because the particle size of Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan is smaller with a more rounded shape than conventional Ca(OH)₂ so that it to flow into narrow and complex areas, especially in the apical root canals.Conclusion: Nanoparticle Ca(OH)₂ Palimanan flow deeper than conventional Ca(OH)₂

Comparison of shear bond strength of etch and rinse, self-etch adhesive system followed by flowable composite resin, and self-adherent composite resin Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah; Suri, Yuyun Andina; Soerachman, Badi; Shariff, Khairul Anuar; Cahyanto, Arief
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 32, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol32no3.27989

Introduction: The adhesive system strongly influences the bond strength of resin composite to the tooth surface. Aside from the commonly used etch and rinse, and self-etch adhesive system and a new approach called self-adherent composite resin to combine the adhesive system to the composite material. This study was aimed to compare the shear bond strength of two adhesive systems, (etch and rinse, self-etch adhesive system) followed by application of a flowable composite resin to a self-adherent resin composite. Methods: This study was experimental consisted of three groups of treatment, G1 (etch and rinse adhesive system+composite resin); G2 (self-etch adhesive system+composite resin), and G3 (self-adherent composite resin). Samples were 27 dentinal surfaces from premolar teeth bonded to composite resin (3 mm diameter and 3 mm in height), according to ISO technical specification No 11405. Shear bond strength test was performed using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) under the load of 50 kgf, and the crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, and the data was analysed by one-way ANOVA afterwards. Results: The highest bond strength to dentin was seen in Group 1 (14.89 MPa) followed by Group 2 (11.65 MPa) and Group 3 (11.22 MPa) with no significant difference between the three groups p value =0.117 (p>0.05). Conclusion: The etch and rinse adhesive system had the highest shear bond strength to dentin, followed by the self-etch and the self-adherent composite resin. However, the shear bond strength of all tested groups was comparable.

Antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide nanoparticle and nisin against Enterococcus faecalis in root canal therapy: an experimental study Sidiqa, Atia Nurul; Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 37, No 2 (2025): Agustus 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v37i2.63132

Introduction: Failure in root canal therapy is often attributed to the incomplete elimination of pathogenic bacteria within infected canals. Enterococcus faecalis is the commonly identified bacteria in persistent cases. Its resistance to high pH environments is primarily mediated by a proton pump mechanism, which reduces the antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Nisin, an antimicrobial peptide, exerts its bactericidal action by disrupting bacterial plasma membranes, leading to cell lysis. The study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial efficacy of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles and their combination with nisin against E. faecalis. Methods: In the first phase, eight concentration of nisin (10-200 mg/mL) and three concentrations of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles (0.425-1.7 mg/mL) were tested using the agar diffusion method against E. faecalis on days 1 and 5. In the second phase, Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles were combined with the most effective nisin concentration identified in phase one (100 and 150mg/mL), and antimicrobial activity was assessed on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. All experiments were conducted in triplicate to ensure reproducibility, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc testing (α=0.05). Results: Nisin at 100 mg/mL and 150 mg/mL produced the largest inhibition zones (14.33 mm and 13.83 mm, respectively). The combination of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles and nisin demonstrated reduced antimicrobial activity compared with Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles alone on days 7 and 14. Conclusions: Both Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles and nisin exhibited antimicrobial effects against E. faecalis. Nisin alone was more effective than Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles; however, their combination resulted in a diminished antimicrobial effect, suggesting a possible interaction or interference between the two agents. Efektivitas antimikroba nanopartikel kalsium hidroksida dan nisin terhadap Enterococcus faecalis pada perawatan saluran akar: studi eksperimenPendahuluan: Kegagalan perawatan saluran akar umumnya disebabkan oleh pembersihan bakteri patogen yang tidak efektif di saluran akar yang terinfeksi. Bakteri E. faecalis adalah bakteri persisten yang menjadi etiologi pada kasus ini. Bakteri E. faecalis memiliki mekanisme pompa proton yang mampu melawan aksi ion OH-, sehingga menghambat efektivitas Ca(OH)2. Antimikroba lain, yaitu Nisin merupakan peptida yang mampu menembus membran plasma bakteri dan menyebabkan lisis sel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efektivitas nanopartikel Ca(OH)2 dan kombinasinya dengan nisin terhadap E. faecalis. Metode: Pada tahap pertama, penelitian terdiri dari 8 kelompok nisin dengan konsentrasi (10-200 mg/mL) dan 3 kelompok nanopartikel Ca(OH)2 konsentrasi (0,425-1,7 mg/mL). Semua kelompok diuji dengan metode difusi terhadap E. faecalis pada hari ke-1 dan ke-5. Bagian kedua, nanopartikel Ca(OH)2 dikombinasikan dengan konsentrasi nisin paling efektif dari penelitian tahap pertama (100 dan 150 mg/mL), kemudian diuji efektivitasnya pada hari ke-1, 3, 7, dan 14. Semua perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali untuk memastikan standarisasi hasil. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji ANOVA dan analisis post hoc (α=0,05). Hasil: Nisin dengan konsentrasi 100 mg/mL dan 150 mg/mL menunjukkan zona hambat terbesar, yaitu 14,33 dan 13,83 mm. Kombinasi nanopartikel Ca(OH)2 dan nisin menghasilkan zona hambat yang lebih kecil di pada pengukuran di hari ke-7 dan 14 dibandingkan dengan nanopartikel Ca(OH)2. Kesimpulan: Nanopartikel Ca(OH)2 dan nisin memiliki efek antimikroba terhadap E. faecalis. Nisin menunjukkan efek antimikroba yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nanopartikel Ca(OH)2, namun kombinasinya dengan nanopartikel Ca(OH)2 menghasilkan penurunan efektivitas antimikroba pada bakteri E. faecalis.

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