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Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Inti Sawit Fermentasi Dengan Lama Waktu Berbeda Terhadap Konversi Pakan dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleurus) Maria Damanik; Heru Kusdianto; Esti Handayani Hardi; Henny Pagoray; Isriansyah Isriansyah
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v8i2.171

Abstract

Kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleurus) is one of the local fish found in Borneo. Economically, kelabau fish has a reason to be cultivated because it has a fairly high price. One of the aspects that needs to be considered is the availability of raw materials. This study aimed to evaluate the use of fermented palm kernel meal in feed on feed conversion, growth, and survival of kelabau. The experimental design applied was a Completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replicates, namely (P0) no palm kernel meal added; (P2) palm kernel meal fermented for 0 hours, (P3) palm kernel meal fermentaded for 24 hours, and (P4) palm kernel meal fermented for 48 hours. Fish rearing was carried out for 40 days with feeding experimental frequency three times a day with at satiation. The  fish  was  kelabau  seeds measuring 4-5 cm and weighing 1-2 g. Ovserved variades tested in this study included feed conversion rasio , growth, and survival rate. The highest growth was resulted by  palm kernel meal fermented for 48 hours, the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was resulted by falm kernel meal fermented 24 hours, and the survival of all treatment during this rearing werw 100%. However statisticaly no significant differences were observed in either/ grow or feed conversion ratio.  Kata kunci: Kelabau; EM4;  fermentasi; bungkil inti sawit
Respons Pertumbuhan Ikan Kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleurus) Yang Diberi Pakan Menggunakan Bungkil Inti Sawit Dengan Kadar Yang Berbeda Jordan Pratama; Mohamad Maruf; Heru Kusdianto; Adi Susanto; Komsanah Sukarti
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v8i2.173

Abstract

Osteochilus melanopleurus (Kelabau in Indonesia) is a freshwater fish found throughout Southeast Asia, including Malaysia, Burma, and Indochina. This fish has a relatively high economic value in some locations, thus it has compelling economic motives to be cultivated. One of the most important aspects in fish farming or aquaculture activities is feed availability. Feed ingredients should have adequate nutrient content, abundantly available and inexpensive. Palm kernel meal (PKM) is one of the by-products of palm oil iondustry. Palm kernel meal contains adequate nutrients to be utilized in fish feed, in addition to being abundantly available and affordable. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the growth response of Kelabau fed various quantities of palm kernel meal (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The results showed that 10% palm kernel meal inclusion produced the highest growth, daily growth rate, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio. However, statistical analysis showed that the addition of palm kernel meal had no effect on growth or the feed conversion ratio.  
Pengaruh Perbedaan Dosis Minyak Ikan Dan Minyak Jagung Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Pencernaan Dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleurus) Hutasuhut, Abdul Rahman; Susanto, Adi; Kusdianto, Heru
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v9i1.195

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two lipid sources dosages on the digestive enzymes activity and growth of Kelabau (Osteochilus melanopleurus). In this study, there were five treatments and three replicates in a completely randomised design (CRD). In this investigation, the following dosage ratios of fish oil and corn oil were used as treatments: A (100%:0%), B (75%: 25%), C (50%:50%), D (25%:75%), and E (0%:100%). The experimental fish had initial average length of 5–6 cm and weight of 2.8–3.6 g. Fish were reared for 45 days in plastic tanks measuring 34.3 cm x 38 cm x 31.5 cm using a recirculation system. Each tank was filled with 25 liters of water and the fish stocking density was 20 fish/tank. Fish are fed twice daily on an at-satiation basis, in the morning and the evening. Data analysis was carried out using the analysis of variance (Anova) with a confidence level of 95% and continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The findings demonstrated that the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease) was significantly (P<0.05) impacted by the differences in the content of the two lipid sources, with an increase in the percentage of corn oil causing an increase in the activity of all digestive enzymes. Conversely, neither growth nor specific growth rate were significantly affected (P>0.05) by the variation in the percentage of the two lipid sources. But in contrast to the other treatments, treatment A resulted in more growth. The reason for this could be because the ingredients were adequate to meet the fatty acid requirements for Kelabau fish growth, therefore the fatty acid addition was no longer necessary. 
Suplementasi Tepung Ubi Jalar Kuning (Ipomoea batatas L) Sebagai Prebiotik Dalam Pakan Terhadap Kesehatan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) Liana, Liana; Agustina, Agustina; Kusdianto, Heru
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v9i1.204

Abstract

Feeding management is a very important factor in fish farming activities. Adding prebiotics to feed is an effort to increase the availability of nutrients in feed and fish health. This study aimed to determine the effect of sweet potato flour in feed on hematological parameters and nutritional coefficient values of sangkuriang catfish. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments 3 repetitions with the dose of each treatment, namely treatment 1 (0% sweet potato flour in feed), treatment 2 (1% sweet potato flour in feed), treatment 3 (2% sweet potato flour in feed), and treatment 4 (3% sweet potato flour in feed). Maintenance is carried out in a plastic container with a volume of 25 liters of water for 30 days. Feeding according to treatment was carried out three times a day in the morning, afternoon and evening using the at satiation method. The results showed that the provision of sweet potato flour in feed could increase the hematological parameters and nutritional coefficient values and gave the best value at P3 for the hemoglobin level parameter, namely 8.40; hematocrit level with a value of 79.01%; total leukocytes with a value of 75.23 × 103 cells/mm3 and total erythrocytes with a value of 2.89 × 106 cells/mm3 . In the nutritional coefficient value parameter, the best results are found in P3 with a total of 0.82. 
Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Inti Sawit Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Enzim Pencernaan Pada Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) Inez, Sthefanie Gita; Kusdianto, Heru; Reynalta, Ricko; Nikhlani, Andi; Ma’ruf, Mohamad
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v9i2.214

Abstract

The production of aquaculture in East Kalimantan Province in 2023 was recorded at 162,124 tons. This data indicates that the need for fish feed (pellets) is also very large. Meanwhile, it is known that the price of feed continues to climb. This study aims to observe the effect of the use of palm kernel meal, as an alternative feed ingredient, which is fermented using EM4 with different doses on the activity of digestive enzymes and the growth of gourami fish weight. The doses of EM4 used were 0 mL/kg (P1), 4 mL/kg (P2), and 8 mL/kg (P3). Based on the results of the analysis of variance, it was known that the inclusion of fermented palm kernel meal significantly (P<0.05) affected activities of amylase, protease, and lipase enzymes. The highest value of digestive enzyme activity was observed in P2 which produced amylase enzyme activity of 6.31 U/mL, protease 0.46 U/mL, and lipase 0.38 U/mL, and then followed by P3 which produced amylase enzyme activity of 4.76 U/mL, protease 0.39 U/mL, and lipase 0.35 U/mL. The lowest value of activity was observed in gourami treated with P1 which produced amylase enzyme activity of 4.048 U/mL, protease 0.36 U/mL, and lipase 0.31 U/mL. Analysis of variance also showed that fermented palm kernel meal had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the weight growth of giant gourami. The highest weight gain was produced by P3 (2.16 g), then followed by P2 (1.79 g), and P1 (1.21 g). The best feed conversion was produced by P2 (2.32), followed by P3 (2.94), and P1 (3.28).
Pengaruh Konsentrasi EM4 Yang Berbeda Pada Fermentasi Bungkil Inti Sawit Penyusun Pakan Terhadap Konversi Pakan dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Simarmata, Daniel Pandapotan; Kusdianto, Heru; Rizal, Samsul
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v9i2.213

Abstract

Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) has advantages for cultivation compared to several other freshwater fish However, the high price of fish feed causes the costs incurred by fish farmers to increase, therefore it is necessary to look for alternative feed ingredients. One of the ingredients for alternative feed that is abundant, high quality and easy to obtain is Palm Kernel Meal (PKM). The purpose of this research was to analyze the nutritional value of artificial feed made from palm kernel cake as the main ingredient fermented using EM4 with different concentrations and to analyze its effect on feed conversion, absolute weight growth and daily growth rate of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replicates each. The treatments applied were unfermented palm kernel meal (P1), fermented palm kernel meal with a concentration of 4 ml/kg (P2), and fermented palm kernel meal with a concentration of 8 ml/kg (P3). The results of the proximate analysis of the feed showed that the protein content of the feed was 30.37 %, 30.17 % and 30.87 % for P1, P2 and P3 respectively. Meanwhile, the lipid content of feed P1, P2, and P3 is 3.00%, 9.04%, and 8.54% respectively. Another finding in this research was that the highest growth was produced by treatment P3 (46.33 g) and this was followed by treatments P2 (41.25 g) and P1 (36.68 g). Meanwhile, the calculation results showed that the best feed conversion ratio was produced by treatment P3 (2.13) and then followed by P2 (2.34) and P1 (2.78). An increase in feed lipid content which causes an increase in feed energy content is thought to increase the efficiency of protein use to support growth and reduce the feed conversion ratio value.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Bungkil Inti Sawit Yang Difermentasi Menggunakan EM4 Sebagai Pakan Terhadap Rasio Konversi Pakan dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Gurami (Opshronemus gouramy) Zakariyah, Akhmad; Kusdianto, Heru; Nikhlani, Andi; Ma’ruf, Mohamad; Wulandari, Retno
Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau Vol 10, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Universitas Batangahari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/akuakultur.v10i1.246

Abstract

A by-product of the palm oil business, palm kernel meal can be utilised as an alternate feed ingredient for cultured fish because of its really decent nutritional value. This research aimed to analyze the nutritional value of artificial feed with different EM4 concentrations in palm kernel cake fermentation and to analyze its effects on absolute weight growth, daily growth rate, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications each was applied in this research. The treatments applied were unfermented palm kernel cake flour (P1), palm kernel cake fermented with 4 ml/kg concentration (P2), and palm kernel cake fermented with 8 ml/kg concentration (P3). The results of feed nutritional assesment showed that protein content of P1 (26.96%); P2 (38.51%); and P3 (38.71%); fat content in feed, P1 (6.62%); P2 (6.48%); and P3 (6.63%); Absolute weight growth P1 (0.78 g); P2 (1.18 g); and P3 (1.54 g); Daily growth rate, P1 (0.71%); P2 (1.10%); and P3 (1.31%); Total length growth, P1 (0.66 cm); P2 (0.74 cm); and P3 (0.99 cm); and Feed conversion ratio, P1 (3.28); P2 (2.34); and P3 (1.73). The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level showed that different EM4 concentration treatments in palm kernel meal fermentation had a significant effect on growth, feed conversion ratio, and SGR (Specific Growth Rate) in Gourami Fish (Osphronemus gouramy).
Co-Authors Adi Susanto Adi Susanto Agustina Andi Nikhlani Esti Handayani Hardi Henny Pagoray Hutasuhut, Abdul Rahman Inez, Sthefanie Gita Isriansyah Isriansyah Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Jordan Pratama Komsanah Sukarti Liana Liana Maria Damanik Ma’ruf, Mohamad Mohamad Maruf Retno Wulandari Reynalta, Ricko Simarmata, Daniel Pandapotan Zakariyah, Akhmad