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All Journal Jurnal RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management JGE (Jurnal Geofisika Eksplorasi) Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Jurnal Mineral, Energi dan Lingkungan Jurnal Mineral, Energi dan Lingkungan APPLIED RESEARCH ON CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENT (ARCEE) Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi Action Research Literate (ARL) Journal of Applied Geology Jurnal Jalan Jembatan

I Gde Budi Indrawan

Departemen Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Senolowo, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, D.I. Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia.

Author-ID : 676691

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Social Sciences Transportation

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Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Analytical Hierarchy Process, Statistical Index, Index of Enthropy, and Logistic Regression Approaches in the TinalahWatershed, Yogyakarta I Gde Budi Indrawan; Tee Xiong; Doni Prakasa Eka Putra
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

A number of approaches have been used inlandslide susceptibility mappingand there seems to be no agreement on which approach provides best prediction of landslide susceptibility. This study was conducted to develop landslide susceptibility mapsof the Tinalah watershed at a 1:25000 scale using analytical hierarchy process (AHP), statistical index (SI), index of entropy (IOE) and logistic regression (LR) approaches and to compare performance of those approaches in predicting landslide susceptibility. Out of 114 landslides identified during site investigation, 86 landslides were selected for landslide susceptibility analyses, while the remaining 28 landslides were used to verify the results. Factors controlling landslides considered in the landslide susceptibility mapping were slope inclination, lithology, distance to fault, land use, distance to river, and rainfall. Analyses of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves showed that the AUC values of the landslide susceptibility maps derived using AHP, SI, IOE and LR approaches were 0.784, 0.688, 0.827 and 0.834, respectively. The LR approach was concluded to perform the best in predicting landslide susceptibility in the study area.

Improvement of Engineering Properties of Residual Soil of Tuff Breccia by Electro-Kinetic Method Doni Prakasa Eka Putra; Hnin Thazin Aung; I Gde Budi Indrawan
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

This paper presents the results of an experimental study that was conductedto improve engineering properties of residual soil of tuff breccia by applying the electrokinetic method. The soil samples were taken from a slope in a high susceptible landslide area in the Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The electro-kinetic experiments were conducted using a clear glass tank of 60 cm 30 cm 30 cm size, a 13 V power pack to supply the voltage, and aluminum electrodes. The results showed that the pH value of anolyte decreased while that of catholyte increased during the treatment. The Atterberg’s limits of all soil samples decreased, while the shear strengths increased. XRD and SEM analyses indicated that there were no mineral changes after electro-kinetic experiments. However, the soil structure changed and became denser. The increased soil strength after electro-kinetic treatment would likely improve stability of natural slopes.

Mineralogical Characteristics of Hydrothermally-altered Andesite in Kalirejo Village and The Surrounding Areas, Indonesia I Gde Budi Indrawan; Diyan Aditya Putra Pratama; I Wayan Warmada
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Type and intensity of hydrothermal alterations affect rock engineering properties and slope stability. Identification of mineralogical characteristics of rocks is essential in determination of rock slope failure mechanism in a hydrothermal alteration zone. This research was conducted to identify mineralogical characteristics of hydrothermallyaltered andesite in Kalirejo Village and surrounding areas, Indonesia. The research was conducted by field observation and laboratory analyses involving petrographic and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) analyses. The results showed that the research area was dominated by argillic alteration type and high alteration intensity implying high susceptibility to slope failures

Rock Mass Characterization for Assessment of Safe Cut Slope and Rock Bearing Capacity at Gondang Dam Site, Karanganyar, Indonesia I Gde Budi Indrawan; Sao Sochan; Dwi Agus Kuncoro
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 4, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

This paper presents results of surface rock mass characterization for assessment of safe cut slopes and allowable bearing capacity of foundation rocks at the construction area of Gondang Dam. The rock mass characterization involved determination of intact rock engineering properties and rock mass quality based on the Geological Strength Index. The rock mass characterization results showed that the research area consisted of moderately to highly weathered and very weak to weak andesite breccia and andesite tuff breccia. The andesite breccia had very poor to fair rock mass quality, while the andesite tuff breccia had poor to fair rock mass quality. The research area was divided into three zones of safe cut slope and allowable bearing capacity. Landslides occurred at natural slopes having poor to very poor rock mass quality and inclinations greater than the determined safe cut slopes.The foundation rock of the embankment dam had fair rock massquality and 135–280 T/m2 allowable bearing capacity

Numerical Evaluation of Earthquake Effect on Cisumdawu Tunnel Stability I Gde Budi Indrawan; Jutika Aditya Nugraha Nugraha; Dwikorita Karnawati
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cisumdawu Tunnel is located approximately 3.95 km southeast of the activeLembang Fault. Earthquakes induced by movement of the the active the strike-slip fault may influence stability of the twin tunnel. This paper presents results of numerical analyses carried out to demonstrate effect of a worst-case scenario of earthquake load potentially induced by the Lembang Fault on the stability of the Cisumdawu Tunnel. Static and pseudo-static tunnel stability analyses were carried out at 11 observation stations of tunnel face mapping using RS2 finite element package (Rocscience, Inc.). In the pseudo-static analyses, a 0.48 horizontal seismic load coefficient, which was obtained from a deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA) based on a 6.8 maximum magnitude of estimated earthquake sourced from the Lembang Fault using Campbell-Bozorgnia (2014) attenuation relationship, was applied to the finite element models. The numerical analysis results showed that strength factors of the rock masses around the twin tunnel were greater than unity, both under the static and earthquake loads. The forepolling zones, however, appeared to be under an overstressed condition. Reduction of rock strength factor around the tunnel roof due to application of the earthquake load occurred at all observation stations. Total displacement contours of rock masses around the twin tunnel indicated an increased rock mass displacement due to the earthquake load, as compared to that due to the static load. Under the static load, the largest displacement occurred at the tunnel inverts. The predicted roof displacements obtained from this study were in a reasonably good agreement with those obtained from the field measurements. Number of yielded elements and extend of shear and tension failure zones in the rock masses around the twin tunnel also appeared to increase due to the earthquake load. Despite slight tunnel displacement as predicted in the numerical analyses, the worst-case scenario of earthquake load potentially induced by the Lembang Fault may only cause failures of the rock masses around the Cisumdawu Tunnel. To prevent the twin tunnel displacement caused by such relatively severe earthquake loads, however, stabilizing surrounding the relatively poor ground condition may be necessary.

Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Mechanical Characteristics of Intrusive Andesite Rock Slope in Sangon 2 Area, Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia Hnin Thandar Phyu; Heru Hendrayana; I Gde Budi Indrawan; Toshitaka Kamai
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

This study was carried out to investigate mineralogical, geochemical, and mechanical characteristics of intrusive igneous rock andesite consisting of Sangon 2 Slope located in Kulon Progo Mountains. Mineralogical characteristics of the rocks consisting of the slope were identified by visual observation of hand specimens in the field and petrographic and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses of the rock samples in the laboratory, which rock genetic classification was determined. Types of rock hydrothermal alterations were determined by the presence of key minerals identified in the petrographic and XRD analyses. Hydrothermal alteration intensity was determined by comparing the number of secondary minerals to the primary minerals observed in the petrographic analyses of thin sections by point counting method. Rock weathering degrees were determined in the field based on the visual characteristics and in the laboratory-based on the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) of the rock samples. The rock uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) was determined by point load and compression tests. The results showed that the rocks typically consisted of 6.37 to 74.3% plagioclase, 1.52 to 6.82% quartz, 7.81 to 17.2% hornblende, and 4.81% pyroxene minerals and, therefore, were classified as andesite. The presence of chlorite and calcite as secondary minerals in the andesite rock samples indicated that the parent andesite rocks had undergone prophylactic hydrothermal alteration. Meanwhile, the percentages of primary minerals to secondary minerals indicated that the andesite rocks had undergone weak to high alteration intensity. Based on the visual characteristics, the research area consisted of fresh, slightly, moderately, highly, and completely weathered andesite rocks, and residual soil. The CIA values of the rock samples increased with the increase in rock weathering degree. Rock weathering degrees identified by the visual characteristics appeared to be in good agreement with those classified based on the CIA. The lower part of the mine slope profile consisted of fresh and slightly and moderately weathered andesite rocks, which had relatively high strength and were classified as very strong rocks. Meanwhile, the upper part of the slope profile consisted of highly and completely weathered andesite rocks, which had low compressive strength.Keywords: andesite, hydrothermal alteration, kulon progo, prophylactic alteration, weathering

Simulation of Kalirejo Road Side Slope based on Altered Andesite Characters, Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia Hnin Thandar Phyu; Heru Hendrayana; I Gde Budi Indrawan; Toshitaka Kamai
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 5, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

ABSTRACT. This study is performed to investigate the characteristics of intrusive andesite rock consisting of Kalirejo Road Side Slope located in Kulon Progo Mountains. The rocks consisting the slope are identified by visual observation of hand specimens in the field, petrographic and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses of the rock samples in the laboratory, upon which genetic rock classification is determined. The altered rock types are determined by the presence of specific minerals identified in the petrographic and XRD analyses. The alteration intensity is examined by comparing the amount of secondary minerals to the primary minerals observed in the petrographic and XRD analyses. The developments of rock weathering are determined in the field GSI classification based on the visual characteristics and in the laboratory-based on the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and engineering properties of the altered rocks. The results show that the rocks typically consisted of 33.2 to 59.2% plagioclase, 1.4 to 5.1% quartz, therefore, are classified as andesite. The presence of halloysite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite as secondary minerals in the altered andesite indicated that the parent andesite rocks have undergone argillic alteration. Meanwhile, the percentages of primary minerals to secondary minerals indicate that the andesite rocks have undergone moderate to high alteration intensity. Based on the visual characteristics, the research area consisted of fresh, slight weathered andesite rocks and complete weathered residual soil. The CIA values of the samples are increased with the increase in rock weathering. Identification of visual characteristics of rock weathering appeared to be in good agreement with those classified based on the CIA and engineering properties analysis results. The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks and soils is determined by point load tests. Engineering properties of the residual soils are performed by using ASTM standard procedures. In the lower part of the roadside, slope consists of fresh and slightly weathered andesite rocks, which have relatively high strength and are classified as medium strong rocks. Meanwhile, the upper part of the slope profile contained completely weathered residual soil, which had very low compressive strength, are classified as very weak soil.Keywords: andesite, argillic alteration, Geological Strength Index (GSI), hydrothermal alteration, roadside slope, weathering

Numerical Evaluation of Tunnel Portal Slope Stability at Bagong Dam Site, East Java, Indonesia Irien Akinina Fatkhiandari; I Gde Budi Indrawan; Dwikorita Karnawati
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Geometries of excavated tunnel portal slopes at Bagong Dam site was initially designed without taking into account earthquake load. The excavated slope designs also assumed the rocks consisting the slopes were homogenous. The purpose of this research was to evaluate stability of the excavated tunnel inlet and outlet slopes at the Bagong Dam site under static and earthquake loads using finite element method. Stability of the natural slopes was also analyzed for comparison. The numerical static and pseudostatic analyses of slope stability were carried out using RS2 software (Rocscience, Inc.). Input data used in the numerical analyses were obtained from engineering geological mapping, rock core analyses, and laboratory tests. Seismic coefficient applied in the pseudostatic slope stability analyses was determined following guideline described in Indonesian National Standard. The engineering geological mapping and evaluation of rock cores indicated that the inlet tunnel slope consisted of four types of materials, namely residual soil, poor quality of volcanic breccia, very poor quality of volcanic breccia, and good quality of volcanic breccia. The outlet portal slope consisted of six types of materials, namely residual soil, very poor quality of limestone, poor quality of limestone, very poor quality of volcanic breccia, poor quality breccia, and good quality breccia. Based on the secondary elastic wave velocity (Vs) values, the rock masses in the research area were classified as hard rock (SA). Seismic analyses based on the earthquake hazard source map with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years provided by the National Earthquake Center (2017) indicated that the PGA and the corresponding amplification factor FPGA in the research area were 0.3 and 0.8, respectively. The calculated seismic coefficient for the pseudostatic slope stability analyses was 0.12. The numerical analysis results showed that, in general, earthquake load reduced critical Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) values of the slopes. However, the natural and excavated tunnel portal slopes were relatively stable under static and earthquake loads. The natural slope at the tunnel inlet with a 40° inclination had critical SRF value of 4.0, while that of at the tunnel outlet with a 51° inclination had critical SRF value of 2.6. Under static load, the excavated slopes at the tunnel inlet and outlet having a 45° inclination had critical SRF values of 2.4 and 5.0, respectively. Under earthquake load, the excavated slopes at the tunnel inlet and outlet had critical SRF values of 2.3 and 3.5, respectively.

Dominant Weathering Profile Assessment of Kebo-Butak Volcanic Rocks in Gedangsari and Ngawen area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Fathan Hanifi Mada Mahendra; I Gde Budi Indrawan; sugeng sapto surjono
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

The Gedangsari and Ngawen area is predominantly composed of volcanic and volcaniclastic sequencesdistributed east – west direction of the northern parts of Southern Mountain. The massive tectonism as well as tropical climatein this region have been producing weathering profiles in varying thickness which inevitably affects thegeotechnical properties. This study aims to assess the dominant weathering profileof the lower part of Kebo-Butak Formation as well as evaluating the distribution of the discontinuity. In order to know the dominant weathering profile and discontinuity evaluation, this study utilizes a total of 26 panels from five stations investigated through a geotechnical data acquisition including the geological condition, weathering zones, joint distribution, and discontinuity characteristics. The result shows four types of dominant weathering profiles in lower part of Kebo-Butak Formation called as dominant weathering profile A, B, C, and D. Profile A, B, C consisted of a relatively identical weathering degree pattern of fresh, slightly, moderately, completely weathered zone with the variation of thicknesses. However, the weathering degree in profile D reached the residual soil degree controlled by more intensive joints. The fine-grained sedimentary rocks also tends to have smaller spacing, shorter persistence, and higher weathering degree of discontinuities as compared to coarse-grained sedimentary rocks.

Numerical Analysis of Slope Stability Due to Excavation of Diversion Tunnel at Pamukkulu Dam Site, Indonesia Wakhid Khoiron Nugroho; I Gde Budi Indrawan, Dr.; Nugroho Imam Setiawan
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Located in the Takalar Regency of South Sulawesi Province, the Pamukkulu Dam is planned to use a tunnel type as its diversion structure. One of the critical parts in the tunnel construction is the stability of portal slopes. This research aimed to estimate the effect of tunnel excavation on the stability of the portal inlet and outlet slopes under static and earthquake loads by using the finite element method. The slope stability analyses were carried out under conditions of prior to and after tunnel excavation. The input parameters used were laboratory test results in the forms of index properties and mechanical properties taken from rock core drilling samples, completed with the rock mass quality parameters based on the Geological Strength Index (GSI) classification. The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion was used to model strength of the soil, while the Generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion was used to model strength of the rocks. The results of rock cores analysis using the GSI method showed that the inlet tunnel slope consisted of four types of materials, namely residual soil, fair quality of basalt lava, good quality of basalt lava, and very good quality of basalt lava. Meanwhile, the outlet portal slope consisted of three types of materials, namely residual soil, good quality basalt lava, and very good quality basalt lava. The calculated horizontal seismic coefficient for the pseudo-static slope stability analysis was 0.0375. The analysis results of slope stability in the Y1 inlet section had a critical Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) value of 2.35 in a condition prior to the tunnel excavation and a critical SRF value of 2.34 after the tunnel excavation. The Y2 outlet section had a critical SRF value of 13.27 in a condition before tunnel excavation and a critical SRF value of 5.55 after the tunnel excavation. The earthquake load addition at the Y1 inlet section showed a critical SRF value of 2.05, both before and after the tunnel excavation. The Y2 outlet section showed a critical SRF value of 11.49 before the tunnel excavation and a critical SRF value of 5.54 after the tunnel excavation. The numerical analysis results showed that earthquake load reduced critical SRF values of the slopes. At the Y1 inlet section, the tunnel excavation did not have a significant effect on slope stability. It was demonstrated by an extremely small decrease in a critical SRF value of 0.43% for a condition without an earthquake load and an unchanged critical SRF in a condition with an earthquake load. At the Y2 outlet section, the tunnel excavation had a more significant effect on the slope stability. It was exhibited by the decrease in the critical SRF value of 58.18% in a condition without an earthquake load and a decrease in the critical SRF value of 51.78% in a condition with an addition of an earthquake load. However, the analysis of slope stability for both sections showed that all design slopes were above the required allowable safety factor value.

Co-Authors Abd Karim, Amirul Aiman Abrar, Mifthahul Adriansyah, Yan Afandi, Valentino Ilham Aisyah Shahirah Juhari Alfrianto, Rifki Alvian Rizky Yanuardian Amirul Aiman Abd Karim Anastasia Dewi Titisari Aprilia, Faridha Ardian Baroto Murti Aung, Hnin Thazin Baniarga Prabowo Daniel Happy Putra Daru Jaka Sasangka Dian Insani Dian Rusmanawati Didit Hadi Barianto Diyan Aditya Putra Pratama Diyaning Ratri Doni Prakasa Eka Putra Dwi Agus Kuncoro Dwikorita Karnawati Fahmi Aldiamar Fahmi Aldiamar, Fahmi Faridha Aprilia Fathan Hanifi Mada Mahendra Fatkhiandari, Irien Akinina Febrie Maulana Fajrin Gevor, Even Gusti Imam Warman Hendy Setiawan Heru Hendrayana Hitznaiti Zaidini' Khul Husna Hnin Thandar Phyu Hnin Thazin Aung Husein, Salahuddin I Wayan Warmada Ikfi Maasyi Hanif Ilham Dharmawan Putra Irien Akinina Fatkhiandari Jutika Aditya Nugraha Nugraha Kamai, Toshitaka Kuncoro, Dwi Agus Mahendra, Fathan Hanifi Mada Maulana, Deviana Shinta Murti, Ardian Baroto Nugraha, Jutika Aditya Nugraha Nugroho Imam Setiawan Nurul Huda Phyu, Hnin Thandar Putra Pratama, Diyan Aditya Rama Tri Saksono Ratri, Diyaning Ridwan Umbara Salam Via Febriyanti Sao Sochan Shinta Dwi Novianti Shinta Maulana, Deviana Sia Pamela Dita Sochan, Sao Subagyo Pramumijoyo Sugeng Sapto Surjono Sunardi Sunardi Sunardi Sunarko Sunarko Sunarko Sunarko Tamado, Daniel Taufiq Muhammad Wijayanto Tee Xiong Thandar Phyu, Hnin Toshitaka Kamai Tri Puji Astuti Tri Puji Astuti Umbara, Ridwan Wahyu Wilopo Wakhid Khoiron Nugroho Warman, Gusti Imam Wawan Budianta Wijayanto, Taufiq Muhammad Wisnu Aji Dwi Kristanto Xiong, Tee Yan Adriansyah Yayi Ismanda Yunie Wiyasri

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