Oktaviano, Nandito
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BEHIND RUSSIA’S INVASION OF UKRAINE: THE CLASH OF DIFFERENT MODE OF CAPITALISM Oktaviano, Nandito; Burhanuddin, Agussalim
Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Vol. 25, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This research aims to analyse Russian foreign policy toward Ukraine from 2014 to 2022. It uses a dual logical plural approach from Marxist IR Theory. This approach greatly emphasises the importance of two systemic logics, namely capitalism and geopolitics. Since this approach is used in the realm of foreign policy analysis, contextualisation of the level analysis is needed. In this case, the dual logical plural approach proposes a distinctive description of these levels of analysis. International condition refers to the imperialism of the present world order, domestic factor refers to the development of state capitalism, and actors refer to the alliance of political elite and capitalist class of state. Based on those distinctive features, this research concludes several crucial points. First, the expansionist economic manoeuvre of the European Union and the imperialist manoeuvre of the US played crucial roles in affecting Russia's foreign policy toward Ukraine from 2014-2022. Second, the specific history of Russian capitalism development, which gave birth to the emergence of regressive Caesarism, also plays a significant role. Third, the development of Ukraine's capitalism and its class dynamics play a central role in navigating Russia's or Western states' manoeuvres. The dominance of Western Ukraine, which particularly articulates the interests of Ukraine's middle class and Western states' geopolitical or economic interests, significantly forces Russia to change the nature of its policy from annexation to invasion Keywords: American imperialism, European Union expansion, Russian capitalism, regressive caesarism
Going Beyond (Cultural) Soft Power: The Political Economy of Hollywood in Cold War Oktaviano, Nandito; Ayudia, Putu Dinda
Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/hjsis.v3i2.44620

Abstract

The notion of cultural soft power has always been addressed as the use of one film industry for the sake of a state’s soft power in international politics. However, the idea of a state–film industry combination omits and treats the two entities with identical and similar interests or powers. Confronting this conceptualization, this research uses an inductive methodology in its conceptual paper, which criticizes the existing concept and provides a new framework for analysis. This research offers a new conceptual framework to understand the seemingly combined nature of the film industry and state in world politics and to treat them as two distinct entities with different logics and interests. To do so, this paper proposes the use of the political economy approach to the film industry and Foucault’s governmentality for state rationality. Taking the case of Hollywood during the Cold War, this research argues that the combination of the state and film industry could only be realized in terms of industry profitability and the enhancement of the state’s images toward the international population. In other words, while the film industry will only want to propagate the state’s images in its international market because it is profitable, the state is equipped with various tools to create such conditions.
The Rise of Indonesia Islamic Populism in The History of Uneven and Combined Development Oktaviano, Nandito
Indonesian Perspective Vol 10, No 1 (2025): (Januari-Juni 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v10i1.73345

Abstract

This paper examines the rise of Islamic populism in Indonesia (2014–2019) as a far-right political movement shaped by both domestic and international forces. Existing literature—rooted in essentialist, institutionalist, or political economy frameworks—often overlooks the global dimensions of this phenomenon, remaining confined within methodological nationalism. To address this, the study employs the Uneven and Combined Development (U&CD) framework, which emphasizes the role of international structures—such as the 1998 Asian Financial Crisis, the U.S.-led War on Terror, the 2008 global financial crisis, and the rise of China—in conditioning domestic political dynamics. The paper argues that Islamic populism in Indonesia emerges from the structural effects of global capitalism and geopolitical instability, which have intensified domestic crises of representation and inequality. In this context, segments of the urban precariat have turned to exclusionary, religiously framed narratives, producing a mass movement that reflects global far-right trends: anti-elite resentment, anti-pluralism, and moral revivalism. Islamic populism in Indonesia, therefore, is not merely cultural or religious—it is a locally embedded but globally conditioned political response.
The Rise of Indonesia Islamic Populism in The History of Uneven and Combined Development Oktaviano, Nandito
Indonesian Perspective Vol 10, No 1 (2025): (Januari-Juni 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v10i1.73345

Abstract

This paper examines the rise of Islamic populism in Indonesia (2014–2019) as a far-right political movement shaped by both domestic and international forces. Existing literature—rooted in essentialist, institutionalist, or political economy frameworks—often overlooks the global dimensions of this phenomenon, remaining confined within methodological nationalism. To address this, the study employs the Uneven and Combined Development (U&CD) framework, which emphasizes the role of international structures—such as the 1998 Asian Financial Crisis, the U.S.-led War on Terror, the 2008 global financial crisis, and the rise of China—in conditioning domestic political dynamics. The paper argues that Islamic populism in Indonesia emerges from the structural effects of global capitalism and geopolitical instability, which have intensified domestic crises of representation and inequality. In this context, segments of the urban precariat have turned to exclusionary, religiously framed narratives, producing a mass movement that reflects global far-right trends: anti-elite resentment, anti-pluralism, and moral revivalism. Islamic populism in Indonesia, therefore, is not merely cultural or religious—it is a locally embedded but globally conditioned political response.