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Model Biaya Produksi Biodiesel Berbasis Minyak Sawit Sembiring, Meilita Tryana; Sukardi, Sukardi; Suryani, Ani; Romli, Muhammad
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 5, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Biodiesel is a renewable energy source in Indonesia of which the use is regulated by the government in the form of mandatory policy of biodiesel and diesel fuel blending. The production of biodiesel in Indonesia is not developed (the need is 3.4 million kiloliters but the total national production is only 1,703 kiloliters). It is because the selling price (referring to Mean of Platts Singapore) is always lower than the production cost. Biodiesel production is influenced by raw materials and process technology, so it needs to be conducted biodiesel production modeling as a basis in determining the supporting policies of biodiesel selling price. The purpose of this study is to identify the raw materials, process technology, and modeling the production cost structure of palm oil-based biodiesel. Identification of raw materials was conducted by literature study and field survey to biodiesel producers. Identification of process technology was conducted by field survey and mass balance calculation using Grand Inizio technology to get the number of yield of each raw material. Then, production cost study was based on the specifications of raw materials and process technology with heuristic approach. Types and specifications of palm oil widely used by Indonesian producers are Crude Palm Oil (CPO) FFA<5%, Refined Palm Oil (RPO) FFA<5%, Refined Oil FFA<1%, Palm Fatty Acid Distillated (PFAD) FFA 90%. The technology process used was transesterification for FFA level <1% and esterification-transesterification for FFA level <5%. The resulting yield for 1000 kg of raw material is 1051.75 kg CPO, 975.94 kg RPO and PFAD, 973.81 kg Refined Oil with Grand Inizio technology approach. The production cost model represents the total production cost influenced by the costs of Inside Battery Limit, Outside Battery Limit, general cost and glycerol value-added.ABSTRAKBiodiesel adalah sumber energi terbarukan di Indonesia yang diatur penggunaannya oleh pemerintah dalam bentuk kebijakan mandatori pencampuran biodiesel dengan solar (biosolar). Produksi biodiesel di Indonesia tidak berkembang (kebutuhan 3.4 juta kiloliter namun total produksi nasional hanya 1.703 kiloliter). Hal tersebut disebabkan harga jual (mengacu Mean of Platts Singapore) yang selalu lebih rendah dibandingkan biaya pokok produksi. Produksi biodiesel dipengaruhi oleh bahan baku dan teknologi proses, sehingga perlu dilakukan pemodelan produksi biodiesel sebagai landasan dalam menentukan kebijakan pendukung harga jual biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bahan baku, teknologi proses, dan memodelkan struktur biaya produksi biodiesel berbasis minyak sawit. Identifikasi bahan baku dilakukan dengan studi literatur dan survei lapangan ke produsen biodiesel. Identifikasi teknologi proses dilakukan dengan survei lapangan dan perhitungan neraca massa dengan teknologi Grand Inizio untuk mendapatkan jumlah rendemen dari masing-masing bahan baku. Selanjutnya kajian biaya produksi dilakukan berdasarkan spesifikasi bahan baku dan teknologi proses dengan pendekatan heuristik. Jenis dan spesifikasi minyak sawit yang banyak digunakan produsen di Indonesia adalah Crude Palm Oil (CPO) ALB<5%, Refined Palm Oil (RPO) ALB<5%, Refined Oil ALB<1%, Palm Fatty Acid Distillated (PFAD) ALB 90%. Teknologi proses yang digunakan adalah transesterifikasi untuk kadar ALB<1% dan esterifikasi-transesterifikasi untuk kadar ALB<5%. Rendemen yang dihasilkan untuk 1000 kg bahan baku adalah CPO 1051.75 kg, RPO dan PFAD 975.94 kg, Refined Oil 973.81 kg dengan pendekatan teknologi Grand Inizio. Model biaya produksi merepresentasikan total biaya produksi yang dipengaruhi oleh biaya Inside Battery Limit, Outside Battery Limit, biaya umum dan nilai tambah gliserol.

Strategi Penguatan Sistem Inovasi Unit Pengolahan Ikan di Provinsi Banten Shanti Kirana Anggraeni; Muhammad Syamsul Ma arif; Sukardi Sukardi; Sapta Raharja
Journal Industrial Servicess Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Maret 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Teknik Industri Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/62018

Unit Pengolahan Ikan (UPI) di Provinsi Banten dituntut untuk menjadi mapan dan berdaya saing, dan hal tersebut dapat dicapai melalui sistem inovasi. Kekuatan dan kultur lokal yang unik dan berbeda-beda perlu dipertimbangkan dalam membangun sistem inovasi. Untuk itu dibutuhkan strategi inovasi, yaitu suatu kebijakan strategis dalam rangka peningkatan daya saing, yang berfokus pada potensi terbaik setempat dan terbuka pada ide-ide kreatif yang bermanfaat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh model strategi penguatan sistem inovasi pada unit pengolahan ikan di Provinsi Banten, dan metode yang digunakan adalah metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada 10 (sepuluh) orang pakar yang mewakili unsur akademisi, pemerintah, industri, dan masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa strategi prioritas penguatan sistem inovasi unit pengolahan ikan di Provinsi Banten adalah memperkuat kerjasama antar aktor inovasi (0.407), diikuti oleh strategi meningkatkan pemanfaatan teknologi inovasi (0.311), dan strategi meningkatkan kapabilitas inovasi sumber daya manusia pada sistem inovasi UPI (0.282).

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING USAHA KECIL MENENGAH BERBASIS OLAHAN IKAN DI INDONESIA : SUATU TINJAUAN Shanti Kirana Anggraeni; Mohamad Syamsul Maarif; Sukardi Sukardi; Sapta Raharja
Journal Industrial Servicess Vol 3, No 1c (2017): Oktober 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Teknik Industri Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/jiss.v3i1c.2106

Dalam menghadapi persaingan global, dibutuhkan perencanaan yang baik agar Indonesia yang memiliki ukuran pasar yang paling tinggi serta didukung dengan pasar tenaga kerja yang cukup tinggi tidak hanya menjadi target pasar, tapi juga dapat berperan sebagai pelaku. Meskipun dalam pencapaian jumlah produk olahan perikanan Unit Pengolahan Ikan (UPI) mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya ditemui berbagai permasalahan, antara lain ketersediaan bahan baku yang tidak dapat diperkirakan (bahan baku tersebut dipengaruhi oleh cuaca, musim, sumber daya ikan dan impor bahan baku ikan), penerapan jaminan mutu yang masih belum optimal, serta sarana dan prasarana pengolahan masih terbatas, khususnya di UPI skala UKM. Review ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai strategi pengembangan UKM agar menghasilkan UKM UPI yang mempunyai keunggulan kompetitif. Dari hasil review bebrapa penelitian, diketahui berapa strategi, riset dan analisis yang memungkinkan untuk di kaji, yaitu pengembangan dengan mengintegrasikan teori RBV dan MBV, pengembangan berdasarkan pendekatan sistem, pengembangan strategi teknologi dan inovasi, serta pengembangan berdasarkan prospektif bidang usaha tersebut di masa depan.

Kinerja Rantai Pasok Kedelai di Kabupaten Grobogan Bubun Bubun; Sukardi Sukardi; Ono Suparno
Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen (JABM) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2018): JABM Vol. 4 No. 1, Januari 2018
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jabm.4.1.32

The objectives of this study were to illustrate the structure of the soybean supply chain, to identify the performance of the soybean supply chain, and to recommend improvements in the form of managerial implications. This research used descriptive analysis method, and the analyzer used in this research was Supply Chain Operation References (SCOR). This study used primary data and secondary data. The primary data were obtained from direct observations, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), in depth interviews, and questionnaire whereas the secondary data were collected from literature study, farmer group data and agricultural statistical data from the Agriculture Department and Ministry of Agriculture. Based on the analysis of the supply chain structure, it was illustrated that there are two major parts of the supply chain structure, i.e. the short structure in which the breeder group acts as the main distributor, and the long supply chain structure in which the distribution pattern starts from the agent and dealer prior to reaching consumers. In general, the performance of the soybean supply chain in Grobogan Regency is reasonably good as it can be seen from the orders delivered to the customers and the perfect and in time order fulfillment as well as the suitability of the product with the increasing qualification standard. The order fulfillment cycle also can be adjusted with stock availability, and the supply chain flexibility can still be optimized when there is a sudden order, and supply chain costs can be covered from the sales of soybeans.Keywords: soybeans (Anguilla spp.), SCOR, supply chain, Grobogan District

Formulasi Strategi Pengembangan Bisnis Salon XYZ Nawangwulan Ratri Dewi; Sukardi Sukardi; Setiadi Djohar
Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen (JABM) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2018): JABM Vol. 4 No. 3, September 2018
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jabm.4.3.365

Salah satu jenis usaha jasa yang mengalami peningkatan dengan pesat adalah usaha salon kecantikan. Kota besar menjadi pendukung tumbuhnya usaha salon, seperti kota Bogor. Salah satu salon di kota Bogor yang cukup berkembang adalah Salon XYZ. Menyusul keberhasilannya, Salon XYZ ingin mengembangkan bisnis salon ke luar kota Bogor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) mendeskripsikan proses bisnis Salon XYZ; 2) mengidentifikasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman bagi Salon XYZ; 3) memformulasikan alternatif strategi pengembangan bisnis di luar kota Bogor; 4) memilih prioritas strategi yang dapat digunakan dalam pengembangan bisnis Salon XYZ. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah: 1) identifikasi proses bisnis Salon XYZ dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif; 2) identifikasi faktor internal Salon XYZ menggunakan metode Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) dan identifikasi faktor eksternal Salon XYZ menggunakan metode External Factor Evaluation (EFE), penentuan posisi bisnis Salon XYZ dengan menggunakan matriks Internal External (IE); 3) formulasi alternatif strategi menggunakan metode matriks SWOT; 4) perumusan strategi prioritas dengan metode Quantitative Stratategy Planning Matrix (QSPM). Hasil analisis internal dan eksternal didapatkan posisi Salon XYZ berada pada kuadran II yaitu pada posisi bertumbuh dan membangun, strategi yang harus dilakukan adalah perluasan pasar, perluasan produk dan penetrasi produk. Hasil dari alternatif strategi matriks SWOT, didapatkan prioritas strategi dari QSPM adalah memperluas pangsa pasar dengan membuka outlet di luar kota Bogor yaitu ke Jakarta, Depok, Bandung dan Bekasi.Kata kunci: EFE, bisnis salon, IFE, QSPM, SWOT

Model Konseptual Customer Order Decoupling Point pada Agroindustri Udang Lely Herlina; M. Machfud; Elisa Anggraeni; S. Sukardi
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri Vol. 17, No. 2, Desember 2018
Publisher : Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jiti.v17i2.6663

Shrimp agro-industry is one of the food processing industries, which converts raw shrimp into high-value shrimp processed products. The production system used in shrimp agroindustry to respond market demand is a hybrid make to stock (MTS) and make to order (MTO). The decision to determine which products will be stored as supply sources and which products are made to fulfill orders is a critical decision that must be made on the MTS-MTO hybrid system. The concept of customer order decoupling point (CODP) is used to identify material flow points that connect a product with different consumers. This study aims to present a conceptual model in the MTS-MTO hibrid system based on customer order decoupling point (CODP) which is adjusted to product characteristics, production characteristics and market characteristics in the shrimp agroindustry. The results of the study are presented in a business process model template that describes the order of decisions for storing products or making products to fulfill orders and conceptual models in the form of diagrams named the CODP conceptual model on shrimp agroindustry.

Model Biaya Produksi Biodiesel Berbasis Minyak Sawit Meilita Tryana Sembiring; Sukardi Sukardi; Ani Suryani; Muhammad Romli
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 5, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Biodiesel is a renewable energy source in Indonesia of which the use is regulated by the government in the form of mandatory policy of biodiesel and diesel fuel blending. The production of biodiesel in Indonesia is not developed (the need is 3.4 million kiloliters but the total national production is only 1,703 kiloliters). It is because the selling price (referring to Mean of Platts Singapore) is always lower than the production cost. Biodiesel production is influenced by raw materials and process technology, so it needs to be conducted biodiesel production modeling as a basis in determining the supporting policies of biodiesel selling price. The purpose of this study is to identify the raw materials, process technology, and modeling the production cost structure of palm oil-based biodiesel. Identification of raw materials was conducted by literature study and field survey to biodiesel producers. Identification of process technology was conducted by field survey and mass balance calculation using Grand Inizio technology to get the number of yield of each raw material. Then, production cost study was based on the specifications of raw materials and process technology with heuristic approach. Types and specifications of palm oil widely used by Indonesian producers are Crude Palm Oil (CPO) FFA<5%, Refined Palm Oil (RPO) FFA<5%, Refined Oil FFA<1%, Palm Fatty Acid Distillated (PFAD) FFA 90%. The technology process used was transesterification for FFA level <1% and esterification-transesterification for FFA level <5%. The resulting yield for 1000 kg of raw material is 1051.75 kg CPO, 975.94 kg RPO and PFAD, 973.81 kg Refined Oil with Grand Inizio technology approach. The production cost model represents the total production cost influenced by the costs of Inside Battery Limit, Outside Battery Limit, general cost and glycerol value-added.ABSTRAKBiodiesel adalah sumber energi terbarukan di Indonesia yang diatur penggunaannya oleh pemerintah dalam bentuk kebijakan mandatori pencampuran biodiesel dengan solar (biosolar). Produksi biodiesel di Indonesia tidak berkembang (kebutuhan 3.4 juta kiloliter namun total produksi nasional hanya 1.703 kiloliter). Hal tersebut disebabkan harga jual (mengacu Mean of Platts Singapore) yang selalu lebih rendah dibandingkan biaya pokok produksi. Produksi biodiesel dipengaruhi oleh bahan baku dan teknologi proses, sehingga perlu dilakukan pemodelan produksi biodiesel sebagai landasan dalam menentukan kebijakan pendukung harga jual biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bahan baku, teknologi proses, dan memodelkan struktur biaya produksi biodiesel berbasis minyak sawit. Identifikasi bahan baku dilakukan dengan studi literatur dan survei lapangan ke produsen biodiesel. Identifikasi teknologi proses dilakukan dengan survei lapangan dan perhitungan neraca massa dengan teknologi Grand Inizio untuk mendapatkan jumlah rendemen dari masing-masing bahan baku. Selanjutnya kajian biaya produksi dilakukan berdasarkan spesifikasi bahan baku dan teknologi proses dengan pendekatan heuristik. Jenis dan spesifikasi minyak sawit yang banyak digunakan produsen di Indonesia adalah Crude Palm Oil (CPO) ALB<5%, Refined Palm Oil (RPO) ALB<5%, Refined Oil ALB<1%, Palm Fatty Acid Distillated (PFAD) ALB 90%. Teknologi proses yang digunakan adalah transesterifikasi untuk kadar ALB<1% dan esterifikasi-transesterifikasi untuk kadar ALB<5%. Rendemen yang dihasilkan untuk 1000 kg bahan baku adalah CPO 1051.75 kg, RPO dan PFAD 975.94 kg, Refined Oil 973.81 kg dengan pendekatan teknologi Grand Inizio. Model biaya produksi merepresentasikan total biaya produksi yang dipengaruhi oleh biaya Inside Battery Limit, Outside Battery Limit, biaya umum dan nilai tambah gliserol.

Model Biaya Produksi Biodiesel Berbasis Minyak Sawit Meilita Tryana Sembiring; Sukardi Sukardi; Ani Suryani; Muhammad Romli
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 5, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Biodiesel is a renewable energy source in Indonesia of which the use is regulated by the government in the form of mandatory policy of biodiesel and diesel fuel blending. The production of biodiesel in Indonesia is not developed (the need is 3.4 million kiloliters but the total national production is only 1,703 kiloliters). It is because the selling price (referring to Mean of Platts Singapore) is always lower than the production cost. Biodiesel production is influenced by raw materials and process technology, so it needs to be conducted biodiesel production modeling as a basis in determining the supporting policies of biodiesel selling price. The purpose of this study is to identify the raw materials, process technology, and modeling the production cost structure of palm oil-based biodiesel. Identification of raw materials was conducted by literature study and field survey to biodiesel producers. Identification of process technology was conducted by field survey and mass balance calculation using Grand Inizio technology to get the number of yield of each raw material. Then, production cost study was based on the specifications of raw materials and process technology with heuristic approach. Types and specifications of palm oil widely used by Indonesian producers are Crude Palm Oil (CPO) FFA<5%, Refined Palm Oil (RPO) FFA<5%, Refined Oil FFA<1%, Palm Fatty Acid Distillated (PFAD) FFA 90%. The technology process used was transesterification for FFA level <1% and esterification-transesterification for FFA level <5%. The resulting yield for 1000 kg of raw material is 1051.75 kg CPO, 975.94 kg RPO and PFAD, 973.81 kg Refined Oil with Grand Inizio technology approach. The production cost model represents the total production cost influenced by the costs of Inside Battery Limit, Outside Battery Limit, general cost and glycerol value-added.ABSTRAKBiodiesel adalah sumber energi terbarukan di Indonesia yang diatur penggunaannya oleh pemerintah dalam bentuk kebijakan mandatori pencampuran biodiesel dengan solar (biosolar). Produksi biodiesel di Indonesia tidak berkembang (kebutuhan 3.4 juta kiloliter namun total produksi nasional hanya 1.703 kiloliter). Hal tersebut disebabkan harga jual (mengacu Mean of Platts Singapore) yang selalu lebih rendah dibandingkan biaya pokok produksi. Produksi biodiesel dipengaruhi oleh bahan baku dan teknologi proses, sehingga perlu dilakukan pemodelan produksi biodiesel sebagai landasan dalam menentukan kebijakan pendukung harga jual biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bahan baku, teknologi proses, dan memodelkan struktur biaya produksi biodiesel berbasis minyak sawit. Identifikasi bahan baku dilakukan dengan studi literatur dan survei lapangan ke produsen biodiesel. Identifikasi teknologi proses dilakukan dengan survei lapangan dan perhitungan neraca massa dengan teknologi Grand Inizio untuk mendapatkan jumlah rendemen dari masing-masing bahan baku. Selanjutnya kajian biaya produksi dilakukan berdasarkan spesifikasi bahan baku dan teknologi proses dengan pendekatan heuristik. Jenis dan spesifikasi minyak sawit yang banyak digunakan produsen di Indonesia adalah Crude Palm Oil (CPO) ALB<5%, Refined Palm Oil (RPO) ALB<5%, Refined Oil ALB<1%, Palm Fatty Acid Distillated (PFAD) ALB 90%. Teknologi proses yang digunakan adalah transesterifikasi untuk kadar ALB<1% dan esterifikasi-transesterifikasi untuk kadar ALB<5%. Rendemen yang dihasilkan untuk 1000 kg bahan baku adalah CPO 1051.75 kg, RPO dan PFAD 975.94 kg, Refined Oil 973.81 kg dengan pendekatan teknologi Grand Inizio. Model biaya produksi merepresentasikan total biaya produksi yang dipengaruhi oleh biaya Inside Battery Limit, Outside Battery Limit, biaya umum dan nilai tambah gliserol.

Exploratory Data Analysis for Building Energy Meters Using Machine Learning Rudy Yulianto; Sukardi Sukardi; Faqihudin Faqihudin; Meika Syahbana Rusli; Adhitio Satyo Bayangkari Karno; Widi Hastomo; Nia Yuningsih; Nada Kamilia
Journal of Telecommunication Electronics and Control Engineering (JTECE) Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Journal of Telecommunication, Electronics, and Control Engineering (JTECE)
Publisher : LPPM INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI TELKOM PURWOKERTO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20895/jtece.v5i2.934

The purpose of this research was to apply exploratory data analysis techniques to building energy meters, such as electricity, cold, heat, and steam meters. A thorough understanding of energy usage patterns becomes increasingly vital in an era of growing awareness of energy management and sustainability. Trends, patterns, and anomalies can be identified in building energy meter data using meticulous data exploration approaches, which can give significant insights for increasing energy efficiency. Exploratory data analysis combined with machine learning approaches may be was used to reveal hidden patterns of energy usage and examine the links between relevant factors. The findings of this exploratory data analysis gave vital insights into building energy use trends. Some significant and hidden information that was crucial for understanding energy usage within a certain time frame in each building was discovered via the investigation of the data used in this study. Steam had the highest use, whereas electricity had the lowest. Utilities were more popular before 5 a.m., followed by healthcare, with daytime use hours beginning around 10 a.m., depending on the area. During the working day, the industry needs more energy. Places of worships use more energy on weekends. There was a significant relation between the number of floors and spaces per level of a building and the height meter reading between May and October. There is a significant association between the kind of buildings used for schools, workplaces and high energy use. This study significantly contributed to the management of the energy and sustainability domains. Using exploratory data analysis and machine learning approaches to building energy meters could optimize energy usage, minimize running costs, and enhance overall energy efficiency. This research is still very open to be continued using other methods, to obtain other hidden information.

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