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All Journal Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy
Lukman Ade Chandra
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Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Pneumonia Related Deaths in Sleman Based on Verbal Autopsy: an Observational Study Stephanie Audrey Handrianto; Beta Ahlam Gizela; Djayanti Sari; Lukman Ade Chandra
Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Vol 6, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcoemph.83510

Abstract

Pneumonia has long been and remains one of the leading causes of death, especially among children and the elderly. Until this study was released, only the Jakarta province fulfilled the national target of pneumonia case findings. Thus, it is important to determine the characteristics and prevalence of pneumonia-related deaths in Sleman District based on verbal autopsy. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from Sleman HDSS cycles 1 to 7. The subject of this study was a person aged over 28 days who passed away due to pneumonia between 2015 and 2022 and met the criteria for sample inclusion. Fisher’s exact and Pearson’s chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. The number of subjects who died due to pneumonia was 65 subjects (33,3%), and the number of subjects who died due to other causes was 130 (66,7%). The prevalence of those who died due to pneumonia was lower than non-pneumonia death for all of the predetermined risk factors, including elderly age, male sex, low education level, high occupational risk, smoking history, alcohol consumption, asthma history, COPD history, stroke history, tuberculosis history, hospitalization history, and very thin or malnourished body with sex, occupational status & type, and nutritional status being statistically significant. The prevalence of pneumonia-related deaths in the Sleman HDSS VA population is 33,3%, with some risk factors that may affect it.
Safety monitoring of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients in Indonesia on QT prolongation: hospital based monitoring study Jarir At Thobari; Togi Junice Hutadjulu; Tri Asti Isnariani; Umi Sa'adatun Nikmah; Lukman Ade Chandra; Pompini Agustina Sitompul; Anggoro Budi Hartopo; Rizki Amalia Gumilang; Luhur Pribadi; Deva Bachtiar; Anwar Santoso
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 4 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.7148

Abstract

Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are the challenging drugs used for COVID-19. Several studies show its beneficial, however, both medications can prolong the QTc interval and increase the risk of patients for torsades de pointes and death. The Tisdale score is identified to have successfully predicted the at-risk population of side effects of these drugs. This study aim to evaluate the QT prolongation caused by the administration of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients and the association with the treatment outcomes based on their Tisdale score. We conducted an observational study on 213 hospitalized patients with confirmed or suspect COVID-19 in 6 referral hospitals in Indonesia. All baseline demographic such as age and gender, RT-PCR test result, severity of disease, history of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertension), serum kalium level at baseline, and the use of medication associated with risk QTc interval prolongation were collected. The Tisdale risk score was used for predicting high-risk patients for QT corrected (QTc) interval prolongation. Out of 213 patients who were treated with CQ/HCQ, there were 60 (28.2%) patients had QTc interval prolongation, included 43 patients (20.2%) who had normal QTc interval at baseline and at the end of treatment had prolong interval; or 17 patients (8.0%) who had QTc interval more than 470 msec at baseline and QTc interval prolongation was worsen at the end of treatment. Several factors, including age more than 50 years, COVID-19 confirm PCR, and had comorbidity heart failure, were statistically significant associated with QTc interval prolongation. The high-risk score of Tisdale score have increased risk significantly on QTc interval prolongation (RR: 2.15, 95%CI 1.07-4.32) and associated with risk of death (RR: 3.50, 95%CI 1.34-9.13) compared to low-risk score. Our findings showed that the treatment of CQ/HCQ in COVID-19 patients is associated with QTc prolongation. The Tisdale score can be used as a valuable tool to predict the COVID-19 patients’ outcome after treatment of these QTc-prolonging drugs.
Co-Authors Anggoro Budi Hartopo Anwar Santoso Beta Ahlam Gizela Deva Bachtiar Djayanti Sari Jarir At Thobari Luhur Pribadi Pompini Agustina Sitompul Rizki Amalia Gumilang Stephanie Audrey Handrianto Togi Junice Hutadjulu Tri Asti Isnariani Umi Sa'adatun Nikmah