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All Journal Masalah-Masalah Hukum Arena Hukum AMANNA GAPPA Jurnal HAM Jurist-Diction Jurnal Konstitusi
Ashri, Abdul Munif
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Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Setengah Abad Pasca Deklarasi Stockholm: Dinamika Pengakuan Internasional terhadap Hak atas Lingkungan Ashri, Abdul Munif
Amanna Gappa VOLUME 32 NOMOR 1, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Hasanuddin

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Abstract

Artikel ini mendiskusikan dinamika konseptualisasi hak atas lingkungan sebagai hak asasi manusia (HAM) di tingkat internasional. Dimarkahi dengan pengadopsian Resolusi No. 76/300 oleh Majelis Umum PBB pada tahun 2022, pengakuan internasional terhadap hak atas lingkungan mendapat momentumnya setelah 50 tahun Deklarasi Stockholm (1972). Sementara itu, dinamika di tingkat nasional dan regional menunjukkan perkembangan progresif. Terlepas bahwa Deklarasi Stockholm tidak menyatakan eksistensi hak atas lingkungan secara eksplisit, ditengarai jikalau teks “soft law” itu memberi pengaruh signifikan dalam konstitusionalisasi hak atas lingkungan di tingkat nasional. Dengan mengandalkan teori yang diajukan Besson terkait validasi dan legitimasi timbal balik terhadap HAM, artikel ini mengargumentasikan bahwa rekognisi hak atas lingkungan melibatkan interaksi yang erat antara norma hukum internasional dan nasional, sebagaimana pengakuan itu didorong oleh perkembangan “konstitusionalisme lingkungan” dan rekognisi hak atas lingkungan secara regional.
Pengaruh Aktor Eksternal terhadap Inkorporasi HAM dalam Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Serikat Tahun 1949: Pengaruh Aktor Eksternal terhadap Inkorporasi HAM dalam Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Serikat Tahun 1949 Ashri, Abdul Munif
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol. 20 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31078/jk2045

Abstract

Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang bagaimana inkorporasi jaminan HAM dalam Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Serikat (KRIS 1949) telah dipengaruhi oleh konstelasi politik yang ditandai dengan keterlibatan Belanda dan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) selaku aktor eksternal. Kajian dalam artikel ini terbilang sebagai studi sosio-legal karena karakternya yang interdisipliner, dengan lebih spesifik menjurus pada penelitian sejarah hukum. Kesimpulan umum yang ditarik memperlihatkan, penyelesaian perselisihan menyangkut masalah dekolonisasi melalui Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB) telah mengondisikan inkorporasi HAM ke dalam KRIS 1949. Sudah tertampak bahwa dari klausul yang digariskan Perjanjian Linggarjati maupun Statuta Uni Indonesia-Belanda, KRIS 1949 mutatis mutandis dikondisikan untuk mengadopsi jaminan konstitusional HAM. Keterlibatan PBB pun di samping itu secara tidak langsung membuat inkorporasi HAM semakin dimungkinkan, sebagaimana PBB memang didirikan dengan salah satu tujuan utamanya guna memajukan penghormatan HAM.
Menimbang Prospek Komunikasi Individual HAM: Politik Hukum dan Implikasi Potensial Bagi Indonesia Ashri, Abdul Munif; Triyana, Heribertus Jaka
Jurnal HAM Vol 15, No 3 (2024): December Edition
Publisher : Badan Strategi Kebijakan Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/ham.2024.15.169-186

Abstract

The individual communications procedure is a vital mechanism in international human rights law that enables victims to seek remedies when domestic legal venues have been exhausted or failed to deliver justice. Although Indonesia has acceded to almost all core international human rights treaties, its individual communications procedures have yet to be accepted. This study investigates the Indonesian Government’s human rights legal policy toward individual communications procedures acceptance through the ratification/accession of the ICCPR First Optional Protocol and ICESCR Optional Protocol, as well as analyzes the potential implications of such acceptance. This study utilizes a normative legal methodology coupled with interdisciplinary and conceptual approaches. In addition to analyzing legal materials, interviews were conducted with scholars, NGO activist, victim, and former Commissioner of Indonesia’s National Human Rights Commission to deepen the analysis. The findings reveal the Government’s lack of political will to accept individual communications procedures due to a tendency to avoid adjudicatory human rights accountability mechanisms and the avoidance of possible compliance costs, such as financial, reputational, and political burdens. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that these procedures’ acceptance has potential implications for opening access to justice for victims, providing strategic litigation channels, and facilitating interaction between treaty bodies and the national judiciary regarding the development of interpretations of human rights through judicial dialogue. The Government should consider ratifying/acceding the ICCPR and ICESCR Optional Protocols to strengthen the domestic human rights protection infrastructure and enhance its reputation as a promoter of human rights.
Tantangan Mahkamah Pidana Internasional (ICC) dalam Pengusutan Kejahatan Serius pada Perang Rusia-Ukraina Ashri, Abdul Munif
Jurist-Diction Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Volume 8 No. 1, Januari 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jd.v8i1.59088

Abstract

This study aims to identify the challenges the International Criminal Court (ICC) may face in prosecuting the serious crimes committed during the Russia-Ukraine War. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results show two substantial ICC challenges: the immunity of the alleged person as the Russian Head of State; and the issue of legitimacy regarding impartiality. Since Russia is not a State Party to the Rome Statute, the ICC’s jurisdiction over the Russia-Ukraine War was not invoked through the UN Security Council referral mechanism but rather through Ukraine’s approval or acceptance. Furthermore, the ICC’s legitimacy as an impartial judicial body will be at stake if there is a tendency for one-sided prosecution that only focuses on the Russian forces. When allegations of comparable serious crimes perpetrated by Ukrainian forces are ignored, and the Ukrainian criminal justice system does not work effectively to prosecute the alleged perpetrators, the ICC could be considered practicing ‘group-based selectivity’. Thus, the practice of selectivity can undermine the legitimacy of the ICC.
AGRARIAN REFORM AS A HUMAN RIGHTS IMPERATIVE: BRIDGING INEQUALITY AND JUSTICE IN LAND DISTRIBUTION Arisaputra, Muhammad Ilham; Ashri, Abdul Munif
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 2 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.2.2025.227-239

Abstract

This study investigates the connection between agrarian reform and human rights, exploring how agrarian reform, as a strategy to address structural inequalities in land distribution, is fundamentally linked to human rights principles. Through a normative approach incorporating statutory, theoretical, and philosophical analyses, this research highlights that agrarian reform is not merely a policy choice but an obligation for States, stemming from their duty to uphold the human right to land. International frameworks, including the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP 2007) and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants (UNDROP 2018), recognize the right to land as a central element of human rights. In the context of Indonesia, where land inequality remains a significant issue, agrarian reform is essential for achieving social justice and redressing historical injustices, particularly for marginalized groups such as peasants and Indigenous peoples. The study argues that agrarian reform should not be viewed merely as land redistribution but as a broader effort to promote human dignity, equality, and prosperity, thus aligning with the principles of social justice and the State’s responsibility to ensure equitable land access. This research contributes to the understanding of agrarian reform as a human rights imperative, offering insights into its theoretical underpinnings and practical implications for legal and policy reforms.
PENGHILANGAN PAKSA SEBAGAI KEJAHATAN TERHADAP KEMANUSIAAN (TELAAH PUTUSAN PRA-PERADILAN III ICC ATAS SITUASI BURUNDI) Ashri, Abdul Munif; Giovanny, Hans
Arena Hukum Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01602.9

Abstract

Enforced disappearance could be qualified as a crime against humanity. However, international human rights law (IHRL) and international criminal law (ICL), have different definitions of enforced disappearance. It can be reviewed by the different formulations between the ‘ICPPED’ and the Rome Statute of the ‘ICC’. Rome Statute adds several elements to the enforced disappearance definition, such as ‘specific intent’ by the individual perpetrators, ‘temporal element’, and ‘political organization’ as potential actors. And the Pre-Trial Chamber (PTC) III Decision on ‘Burundi Situation’ (2017) could be a significant reference. By the doctrinal research through statute and conceptual approach, this article concludes that the PTC III Decision reflects the very close relationship between those two different branches of law, as PTC III still refers to IHRL instruments to fill the legal gap in the interpretation of enforced disappearance within the Rome Statute.
Co-Authors Giovanny, Hans Heribertus Jaka Triyana Muhammad Ilham Arisaputra, Muhammad Ilham