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All Journal DE JURE SAMARAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Sakina: Journal of Family Studies
Aprilyanti, Melinda
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Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Childfree, the Digital Era, and Islamic Law: Views of Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and Gender Activists in Malang, Indonesia Zuhriah, Erfaniah; Rahmawati, Erik Sabti; Aprilyanti, Melinda; Chaidaroh, Umi; Ch, Mufidah
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 3 (2023): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.17753

Abstract

Childfree is a life choice not to have children after or before marriage, whether biological children, stepchildren, or adopted children. This article discusses how childfree is influenced by the digital era and what the perspective of Islamic law is according to the views of ulama and gender activists in Malang, East Java. This empirical legal study used legal sociology and maqāṣid al-sharī’ah approaches. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews and a literature review. Findings showed that child-free development in Indonesia has been influenced by the digital era through online media, which quickly spread and made it easier for people from various countries to interact and share information. One of the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharī'ah) is to maintain offspring (hifz al-nasl) through marriage. According to the ulama, being childfree is contrary to Islamic law and the nature of humanity. According to the Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and gender activists, the laws on childfree can be summed up in two ways: haram and mubah. Childfree is haram (unlawful) because it is contrary to maqāṣid al-sharī’ah, i.e., preserving offspring, as it is also the goal of marriage. Childfree is mubah (allowed) if there are reasons that are condoned by the sharia, e.g., health problems, physical limitations, and psychological conditions that prevent the wife from having children. Sociologically, the government and all related parties need to provide education to the public so that the meaning of childfree can be understood properly and correctly.
The Strategy of the Islamic Welfare Organization Malaysia (PERKIM) in Managing Mualaf Family Conflicts in Malaysia Jamilah, Jamilah; Mohd Yusof, Sellyianasari Binti; Rahmawati, Erik Sabti; Aprilyanti, Melinda
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 15, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Shariah Faculty UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v15i1.17383

Abstract

The problems faced by the families of mualaf in Malaysia require serious handling and management by looking at the increasing number of mualaf every year. The National Board that has the responsibility to deal with this problem is the Council or State Department of Islamic Religion. Other non-governmental institutions are also involved in handling the problems of mualaf families such as The Islamic Welfare Organization Malaysia/ Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM) and Urusetia Saudara Kita (USK). This research will analyze the strategy of a governmental or non-governmental organization—the Islamic Welfare Organization Malaysia (PERKIM) in dealing with and managing the problems of converted families. This research is qualitative–empirical with a juridical-sociological approach. Primary data were collected from interviews with respondents located in Selampit Village, Malaysia. The results show that the PERKIM organization helps mualaf families in managing the conflicts they experience through cognitive empowerment strategies in handling and managing problems. Islamic preachers from PERKIM changed the speculations of mualaf parents who considered Islam immoral and troublesome religion by conveying da'wah bil-hikmah and da'wah fardiah through house-to-house visits and providing food, protection, education, financial and moral support. It can be concluded that the role of PERKIM in overcoming this conflict is good but not optimal, as can be seen from the activities, programs and policies in resolving the conflict.
Childfree in The Perspective of Al-Ghazali and Nur Rofiah Aprilyanti, Melinda; Rahmawati, Erik Sabti
Sakina: Journal of Family Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2022): Sakina: Journal of Family Studies
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Study Program, Sharia Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/jfs.v6i2.1646

Abstract

Abstrak: Childfree adalah sebuah pilihan hidup untuk tidak memiliki anak, setelah atau sebelum menikah, baik itu anak kandung, anak tiri, ataupun anak angkat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pandangan Abu Hamid al-Ghazali dan Nur Rofiah terhadap childfree, mengkaji persamaan dan perbedaan serta menganalisis dasar pemikiran keduanya. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode komparasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa menurut al-Ghazali keputusan childfree adalah meninggalkan keutamaan (tarku al-afdhal), apabila untuk bersenang-senang hukumnya makruh. Menurut Nur Rofiah childfree diperbolehkan (mubah) tetapi harus berdasarkan alasan bijak dan persetujuan pasangan. Nur Rofiah menekankan bahwa menjadi childfree tidak menghilangkan tanggung jawab sosial seseorang kepada anak terlantar. Kedua tokoh ini menjelaskan childfree bukanlah pilihan yang haram. Perbedaannya, al-Ghazali menyatakan tujuan pernikahan adalah memiliki keturunan, sedangkan menurut Nur Rofiah tujuan pernikahan adalah untuk menemukan ketenangan, kasih sayang dan rahmat. Al-Ghazali menjadikan hadits Rasulullah yang menyeru sahabat untuk menikah dan berketurunan serta memilih wanita yang pengasih dan subur sebagai dasar pentingnya keberadaan anak, berbeda dengan Nur Rofiah yang menyatakan bahwa tujuan pernikahan telah disampaikan dalam Q.S. Ar-Rum ayat 21. Selain untuk menciptakan ketenangan jiwa sebagai pasangan, pernikahan juga untuk berusaha bersama menciptakan dunia yang lebih baik sebagai khalifah fi al-ardh. Abstract: Childfree is a life decision of a person or couple for not having children, before or after marriage, be it biological children, stepchildren, or adopted children. This article aims to describe the perspective of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali and Nur Rofiah on childfree, examine the similarities and differences and analyze the basis of their thoughts. This article is normative legal research with a comparative approach. The results show that according to al-Ghazali, the decision to be childfree is leaving virtues (tarku al-afdhal), if it was chosen because of selfishness or for having fun, childfree is makruh. According to Nur Rofiah, being childfree is permissible (mubah), but it must be based on wise reason and be approved by both parties. She emphasizes that being childfree does not eliminate the social responsibilities of neglected children. Both al-Ghazali and Nur Rofiah agree childfree is not forbidden (haram). The difference is that al-Ghazali discusses the main purpose of marriage is to have children. In contrast, According to Nur Rofiah, the main purpose of marriage is to find tranquillity, affection and mercy. The basis of al-Ghazali’s perspective is the hadith of Rasulullah, which calls on his friends to get married and have children, and his recommendation to marry a loving and fertile woman. Unlike Nur Rofiah, she discusses that the main purpose of marriage is written in Q.S. Ar-Rum verse 21. Besides creating peace of mind as a couple, marriage is for making a better world together as Khalifah fi al-ardh.
Co-Authors Erfaniah Zuhriah Erik Sabti Rahmawati Jamilah Jamilah Mohd Yusof, Sellyianasari Binti Mufidah Ch Umi Chaidaroh