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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities
Adi Nugroho, Dwi
Unknown Affiliation
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in RAW 264.7 Cells on Nitric Oxide Release and Cell Viability Suprapto, Ratih Paramita; Kusumastuty, Inggita; Rizal, Ardian; Adi Nugroho, Dwi
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.02.2

Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of a gram-negative bacterial wall that is widely used and well-established to induce inflammation in vitro. In addition, the in vitro model using RAW 264.7 cells is the most commonly applied in screening the anti-inflammatory and elucidating the pathophysiology of inflammation-based disease, as well.  However, there is still limited data on the efficacy of different doses of LPS in inducing inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and safety of LPS at various doses in RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 cells were exposed to LPS at different dose ranges (10ng/mL-10µg/mL) for 24 hours. The nitric oxide (NO) release as inflammatory responses and viability test were evaluated using Griess assay and CCK-8 assays, respectively. The result showed that NO production was increased at different doses of LPS compared to the control although not significant. Whereas, All LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells tended to increase but not significantly compared to the control groups. This study showed that the LPS treatment effectively induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells as shown by NO production and was considerably safe as the viability was comparable between LPS and control group for RAW cells 264.7 at least up to 10µg/mL for 24 hours.
The Social Condition of England’s Women in 18th Century Reflected in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Bahri A. Bohang, Muthmainnah; Magfirah, Sulmi; Adi Nugroho, Dwi
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/els-jish.v8i1.43533

Abstract

This paper aims to: (1) know what the intrinsic aspects of Pride and Prejudice, (2) describe how the social condition of England’s women is in 18th century reflected in “Pride and Prejudice” and (3) analyze what the economical influence towards England’s women in “Pride and Prejudice”. This study employs a qualitative research method with a literary analysis approach. The analysis of this thesis uses genetic structuralism. It is conducted by analyzing the intrinsic elements which consists of plot, characters, setting, and theme. Besides, the writer also analyzes the extrinsic elements by observing from the sociology, history and other aspects outside the literary work. The genetic structuralism analysis used to find the intrinsic elements in this novel, the social condition of England’s women in 18th century reflected in “Pride and Prejudice” and also the economical influence towards England’s women in “Pride and Prejudice”. This analysis shows that in the 18th century, England’s women get inequality gender in the society. Education, politic, and occupation are not allowed to them.  Economical matter pushed them to marry with a rich and high-status men to lead a secure life.
The Influence of Environment and Family on the Development of English Language Skills in Early Childhood Ayuningtyas, Nirmala; Mardewi, Mardewi; Firdaus, Jey; Adrian, Adrian; Asdar, Asdar; Adi Nugroho, Dwi
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/elsjish.v7i3.36580

Abstract

The study examined the influence of family and school environment on the English language skills of early childhood children at “TK Al-Falah Balombong”. The main objective of this research was to identify the factors hindering English language learning in that place, as well as to determine the extent of children’s interest to know, learn, understand, and master English. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. We found that the family and school environment at “TK Al-Falah Balombong” was not optimal in supporting English language learning. This could be seen from the language they often used at home and in their community, their local language and Indonesian, as well as the gadgets provided by their parents that did not focus on English language learning. The school also lacked competent English language teachers and adequate supporting facilities. Despite these limitations, the children showed high enthusiasm when the researchers introduced English through engaging methods such as songs and animations. To optimize this potential, interactive approaches, competent teachers, and parental support are needed to facilitate their children's English learning.
Subsistence of English Area Program in Enhancing Teenagers’ English Skill in Majene Regency Asdar, Asdar; Adi Nugroho, Dwi; Hustiana, Hustiana
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/elsjish.v7i3.37239

Abstract

This study aspired to represent the concessions of executing English Area for teenagers on their English language skills. In this case, four skills are incorporated into the enactment process. The implementation of this study was conducted at SMA 3 Majene which is a boarding school student. This study used a quantitative descriptive method where there were 28 samples from 58 populations who participated in the data collection process. The instrument used is a test consisting of a pre-test and post-test, and an observation guide. From the results of observation, the prominent skill was speaking skill which was seen from several activities, namely providing material, morning talk, talk show, talent night, and treasure hunt consisting of five activities, namely Spelling bee, Word Guessing, Constructing Sentences, Once Upon A Time, Arrange the picture. This was in line with the test results which showed that this program could improve students' speaking skills with an average score of -0.767. The researchers concluded that this program can improve speaking, but it did not have much effect on other skills. Therefore, researchers recommended that further research can construct more active activities furthermore all skills can be covered. This research can provide benefits for pre-service teachers who can use this research as a reference for carrying out activities in the classroom. It was also useful for future researchers who wanted to develop English area programs in other places or by using different indicators.
Co-Authors Adrian Adrian Asdar Asdar Ayuningtyas, Nirmala Firdaus, Jey Hustiana, Hustiana Inggita Kusumastuty Mardewi, Mardewi Muthmainnah Bahri A. Bohang Rizal, Ardian Sulmi Magfirah Suprapto, Ratih Paramita