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All Journal Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal) Britain International for Linguistics, Arts and Education Journal (BIoLAE Journal) Polit Journal LingLit Journal Lakhomi Journal
Belay Sitotaw Goshu
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Scaling Up Early Childhood Education: A Foundation for Long-Term Educational Success in Ethiopia Muhammad Ridwan; Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Februa
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v1i1.8159

Abstract

The quality of early childhood education in Ethiopia faces significant challenges, particularly related to teacher training, resource availability, and parental involvement. This study aims to explore the key challenges in the Ethiopian early childhood education system and assess their impacts on both teacher effectiveness and student learning outcomes. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from surveys with qualitative interviews. Twenty education officials were interviewed to gather in-depth insights, and 200 instructors from various regions participated in the survey. Exploring the requirement for teacher training, determining the availability of resources, comprehending teacher motivation, analyzing the connection between class size and learning quality, and exploring the influence of parental engagement are the study's five main goals. The findings show a severe lack of educational resources and inadequate teacher preparation in rural areas. Additionally, learning outcomes were found to be adversely affected by large class sizes, and student achievement was significantly correlated with parental participation. The results emphasize the necessity of focused measures to close these inequalities, including bettering teacher preparation programs, allocating more funds, lowering class sizes, and encouraging family involvement in education. Tackling these issues will help Ethiopia's early childhood education level rise and promote a more efficient and equitable educational system.
Refining Biological Aging Clocks: Harnessing Multi-Organ, Multi-Omics Data with Machine Learning Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i4.8151

Abstract

The image aging as a deeply personal story, where a gentle mirror reflects not just the years you’ve lived but the vibrant health pulsing through you, guided by cutting-edge aging clocks. This study dives into crafting and testing two aging clocks, basic and refined, using synthetic data from 1,200 unique souls across Groups A, B, and C. With 12 biomarkers as our guide, we shaped these clocks with linear and Ridge regression, achieving a heartwarming near-perfect match to biological age, missing by just 1.81 years on average, with an R² of 0.99 for both. In imagined clinical moments, a 30% dip in Delta Age after intervention and a strong bond between faster aging and lower therapy adherence (r = -0.587, p = 4.558e-112) showed these clocks’ promise. Response to help varied warmly, 68.6% for Group A, 67.4% for Group B, and 62.5% for Group C, hinting at our diverse human hues. The pre- and post-intervention shifts and adherence shaping age, while Table 1 unpacks a logistic model where chronological age (coefficient 0.0941, p < 0.001) steals the spotlight. Though our synthetic world softens life’s rough edges, these clocks offer a tender start for personalized care. They whisper hope for tailoring treatments and watching progress, though real-life validation will bring the full story to light.
Machine Learning-Enhanced Prediction of Lunar Crescent Visibility for Unified Hijri Calendar Determination: A Global and Regional Framework Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 9, No 2 (2026): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute May
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

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Abstract

The lunar Hijri calendar governs religious observances for approximately 1.9 billion Muslims worldwide, yet disunity in crescent sighting criteria leads to inconsistent Ramadan and Eid dates across regions. Traditional visibility criteria (Yallop, Odeh) rely on simplified parametric approximations that inadequately capture complex atmospheric and geographical interactions. This study develops and validates a machine learning-enhanced framework for predicting lunar crescent visibility to support unified Hijri calendar determination through global and regionally-adapted models. A comprehensive dataset of 7,488 observations spanning 13 years (2013–2025) across 24 countries and five geographical regions was compiled. Feature engineering created 15 predictive parameters including interaction terms and composite indices. Eight supervised learning algorithms were evaluated with hyperparameter optimization using randomized search, genetic algorithms, and particle swarm optimization. Ensemble methods including voting, stacking, and hybrid configurations were developed and validated using 5-fold cross-validation. Findings: The hybrid ensemble model achieved superior performance (AUC 0.906, F1-score 0.888), outperforming traditional criteria by 17–19%. Engineered interaction features (elongation × altitude, lag time × altitude) demonstrated highest predictive importance. Regional analysis revealed visibility rate variations from 97.7% (Oceania) to 98.7% (Asia), supporting geographically-calibrated models. Long-term Ramadan predictions (2027–2075) confirmed the 33-year lunar cycle with mean interval of 354.37 days. Conclusion: Machine learning provides robust, evidence-based crescent visibility prediction that exceeds traditional criteria accuracy while capturing complex parameter interactions. The framework supports both global unification and region-specific applications. Recommendation: Religious authorities should adopt probabilistic, multi-model ensemble predictions with confidence scoring for calendar determination, supported by continuous validation against global observational networks.
Red meat consumption and its association with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer in Ethiopian adults: a systematic review Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i3.8247

Abstract

Mass Mapping the Cosmic Web: Insights from Redshift Dispersions in Supercluster Filaments Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8146

Abstract

Understanding the large-scale structure of the universe, including galaxy clusters and filaments, is essential for advancing our knowledge of cosmic evolution. Redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations are key observational metrics used to study these structures. The simulations provide a valuable tool for replicating and understanding the dynamics of galaxies across different environments, but discrepancies between observed and simulated data. This work examines and analyzes the redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations of clusters and filaments. The goal is to evaluate the degree to which simulations accurately depict visible large-scale cosmic structures and identify areas that require development. It analyzed observed and simulated data for redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations in galaxy clusters and filaments. Statistical methods were used to compute the main parameters, including means, standard deviations, and correlation coefficients. Moreover, comparisons of log-log slopes between observed and simulated mass-velocity dispersion relations were conducted. While simulations effectively captured mass-velocity dispersion trends, significant differences in redshift distributions were observed, indicating gaps in the simulation's ability to model smaller-scale structures. These discrepancies highlight limitations in the current simulation models, particularly in accounting for non-gravitational forces. The results show that simulations closely match observed mass-velocity dispersion trends. However, the accurately reproduced observed redshift distributions have some limitations. According to the study, improving filament modeling and fine-tuning filament physics may increase simulation accuracy. The intricacy of filament dynamics is indicated by the weak association between velocity dispersions and filament mass.
The Exposome and the Cardiovascular Health of a Rapidly Urbanizing Ethiopian City: A Review of Environmental Risk Factors and Public Health Imperatives in Dire Dawa Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i3.8249

Abstract

Harnessing Solar Energy for Hydrogen Generation: Advances in Artificial Photosynthesis Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Melaku Masresha Woldeamaueal
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8147

Abstract

Artificial photosynthesis offers a sustainable method for hydrogen production, addressing the environmental drawbacks of traditional methods like steam methane reforming (SMR). However, its commercialization faces challenges in efficiency, cost, scalability, and stability. This study aims to evaluate the performance, challenges, and commercialization potential of artificial photosynthesis, providing recommendations to establish it as a mainstream clean energy technology. The analysis includes visualizing STH efficiencies of PEC cells and photocatalysts, assessing scalability and longevity challenges, evaluating alternative catalysts, and analyzing environmental and economic impacts using Python-based visualizations like radar charts, bar plots, and line plots. Data from various systems and materials were compared against ideal benchmarks. BiVO₄ achieved the highest STH efficiency at 4.2%, but efficiencies remain below the 10% target. Scalability and stability issues are significant, with System C (Hybrid) showing a 22% efficiency loss after 12 months. Fe₂O₃ emerged as a cost-effective catalyst with a 30.0 mA/cm² per USD ratio. Artificial photosynthesis reduces CO₂ emissions by 18-fold compared to SMR and becomes cost-competitive by 2045. Commercialization gaps include cost (3 vs. ideal 7) and scalability (3 vs. 8). Artificial photosynthesis holds promise for a hydrogen-based economy but requires improvements in efficiency, cost, and scalability. Developing low-cost catalysts, enhancing stability, scaling production, improving efficiency, and increasing public awareness can bridge these gaps, with potential market readiness improvements of up to 25%.
The Scientific Evolution of Astronomy: From Earth-Centered Universes to an Expanding Cosmos Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8149

Abstract

The development of astronomical models has been central to humanity's understanding of the cosmos, evolving from the ancient geocentric model to the modern-day heliocentric and elliptical models. This progression reflects the advancement of observational techniques and mathematical formulations, each model providing insights that led to a more accurate depiction of planetary motion. The purpose is to explore the historical shift from the geocentric to the heliocentric and Keplerian models, examining their impact on astronomy and the broader implications for scientific progress. The research employs a historical analysis of astronomical theories, supplemented with Python-based simulations, to visualize each model’s key features. The study finds that the transition from the Earth-centered view to a Sun-centered one, followed by the refinement of planetary motion into elliptical orbits, marked a turning point in scientific thought. The results demonstrate how Kepler's elliptical model offers the most realistic depiction of planetary motion and how the heliocentric model is humbler than the geocentric model with epicycles. The significance of these models in providing the groundwork for contemporary physics and astronomy is emphasized in the conclusions. The analysis encourages more multidisciplinary research and technological advancements in space flight to continue building upon these core concepts.
5G Technology Deployment: A Thorough Examination of the Potential and Difficulties for Environmental Sustainability, Human Health, and Sociotechnical Systems Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8130

Abstract

The introduction of 5G technology presents challenges in the areas of human health, environmental sustainability, and socio-technical systems, but it also holds the promise of revolutionary improvements in healthcare, industry, and connectivity. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of 5G, pinpoint areas in need of further research, and suggest ways to minimize its negative effects while optimizing its positive ones. Statistical analysis, qualitative reviews, and quantitative simulations were all incorporated into a mixed-methods approach. Mathematical models simulated the impacts of 5 G on health (e.g., obesity risk), the environment (e.g., carbon emissions), and sociotechnical systems (e.g., the digital divide) from 2020 to 2025, using data from various sources. 5G lowers industrial downtime by 25% and improves healthcare outcomes by 20% through remote surgeries. However, it increases the risk of obesity by 30%, carbon emissions by 35.5%, and the digital divide by 137.9%. These effects are successfully balanced by mitigation techniques like screen time limits, the use of renewable energy, and rural 5G projects. 5G's benefits can be maximized through sustainable and equitable. To guarantee long-term societal benefits, its difficulties must be proactively mitigated. Adopt renewable energy for 5G infrastructure, launch public health campaigns, and form alliances to close the digital divide while continuing research trials on the long-term effects.
Comparative Analysis of Education Quality in Private and Government High Schools in Ethiopia (2010–2026) Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 9, No 3 (2026): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, August
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v9i3.8274

Abstract

Co-Authors Abel Berhanu Sitotaw Arifulhak Aceh Ashenafi Taye Negewo Bikila Merga Deresa Kirubel Molla Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Melaku Masresha Woldeamaueal Melaku Masresha Woldemariam Muhammad Ridwan Muhammad Ridwan Muhammad Ridwan Syarifuddin Yonas Tadesse Alemu