Wati, Annisa Mahdia
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Pemanfaatan Pati Sagu Pregelatinasi Taut Silang Fosfat sebagai Matriks Tablet Lepas Lambat Natrium Diklofenak Nawatila, Roisah; Wati, Annisa Mahdia; Varasvasti, Jyestha; Aulia, Frea Widia; Avanti, Christina
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol 16 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35617/jfionline.v16i1.182

Abstract

Sustained release tablets include any drug delivery system that achieves slow release of drug over an extended period. Diclofenac sodium has a relatively short biological half-life (1-2 hours), it can be formulated into a sustained release tablet. Sago starch has the potential to be developed as a matrix for sustained release tablets. The aim of this study was to utilize sago starch which has been modified using pregelatinizing and phosphate cross linked techniques (PSTF), to be developed into a diclofenac sodium sustained release matrix. In this study, PSTF was prepared at concentration of 20% (F2); 22,5% (F3); 25% (F4); 27,5% (F5); 30% (F6); 32,5% (F7). In addition, HPMC as a synthetic hydrophilic matrix was used as reference formula (F1) at 20%. The method used in this study was wet granulation. Tablets that were produced were then tested for physical quality and drug release (at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 hours). The results of the physical quality tablet showed that all formulas met specifications, although F1 had the lowest hardness (4,15 Kp+0,63). The results of drug release profile of F1 showed that 3,05% of drug was released during first 1 hours, while 54,07% drug was released within initial 5 hours, and the remaining 45% of the drug was released in remaining 5 hours. In addition, the drug release of F2-F7 at the 1 hours was 89,69%; 56,01%; 85,96%; 65,67%; 68,71%; 85,73%, respectively. It can be concluded that PSTF has not provided a sustained release pattern of drug.
Business Strategy Analysis of PT Kalbe Farma Tbk Using Strategic Management Approach Wati, Annisa Mahdia; R. Murhadi, Werner
Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (September - O
Publisher : Dinasti Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/dijefa.v6i4.5068

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the business strategy of PT Kalbe Farma Tbk, the largest integrated pharmaceutical company in Indonesia, in responding to the dynamics of the competitive and evolving pharmaceutical industry. This study applies a qualitative approach with a case study method based on secondary data, including company annual reports and strategic management literature. The analytical tools used include PESTEL, Porter’s Five Forces, Product Life Cycle, SWOT, Value Chain, and strategic matrices such as SWOT, SPACE, IE, BCG, and the Grand Strategy Matrix. The results show that Kalbe’s strengths lie in brand reputation, product diversification, and an extensive distribution network, with opportunities arising from digitalization trends and increased public health awareness. The recommended strategies are product development, market development, and forward integration. These strategies are deemed most appropriate based on the QSPM results and are expected to help Kalbe maintain its market leadership while achieving sustainable international expansion.