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STUDI PREVALENSI PENGGUNAAN ALAT DAN OBAT KONTRASEPSI DI MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN BANDUNG Avanti, Christina
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol 7, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

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Upaya pemerintah dalam mengendalikan jumlah penduduk adalah dengan program Keluarga Berencana (KB) menggunakan kontrasepsi. Kontrasepsi adalah alat atau obat yang digunakan untuk mencegah konsepsi (kehamilan). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi penggunaan alat dan obat kontrasepsi (Alokon) di masyarakat. Tempat penelitian ini dilakukan di kabupaten Bandung pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda observasi krosseksional dengan kuisioner yang berisi pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku dari 300 responden mengenai penggunaan Alokon. Hasil studi dianalisis secara statistik dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa 87% responden mengetahui program pemerintah dalam hal jumlah anak yang dianjurkan (dua anak lebih baik). Responden memahami Alakon sebagai sarana menjarangkan kehamilan (78%) dan dapat digunakan sebagai kebutuhan (42%). Jenis kontrasepsi yang paling dikenal dan digunakan oleh responden adalah : Implant (5%), IUD (19%), Pil KB (20%) dan Injeksi (23%). Selain itu, responden menyakini bahwa tidak efektif untuk menunda kehamilan (82%). Adanya kekhawatiran responden terhadap efek samping Alokon (56%), antara lain kegemukan (42%65). Alokon lebih banyak digunakan oleh wanita (75%) dibandingkan laki-laki (4%). Alokon lebih banyak dipilih (43%) dibandingkan dengan alat (19%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa responden telah memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dalam hal Alokon dan penggunaannya. Mengingat Alokon jenis obat (Pil KB) banyak dipilih oleh responden, diperlukan peran apoteker di pelayanan farmasi dalam memberikan informasi yang benar mengenai cara penggunaannya untuk mencapai efektivitasnya sebagai kontrasepsi (pencegah kehamilan).

Karakter Fisik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Nanopartikel Perak Hasil Green Synthesis Menggunakan Ekstrak Air Daun Sendok (Plantago major L.) Dewi, Komang Tri Aksari; Kartini,; Sukweenadhi, Johan; Avanti, Christina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Silver nanoparticles have been studied for its application in wound healing therapy, while aqueous extract of Plantago major L has been studied also for its antibacterial and wound healing activity. This study aimed to obtain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through a green synthesis pathway using aqueous extract of Plantago major L. The initial study was performed to optimize the three concentration points of Plantago major L. aqueous extract, namely 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% and three synthetic temperature points (60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C). The formation of AgNPs were confirmed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer which shows a peak at a wavelength of 445 nm. The obtained silver nanoparticles were then characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS Nano), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The study showed that the extract concentration of 0.25% with an optimum temperature of 70 °C was the optimal combination to produce the best AgNPs, based on the organoleptic parameters (as the color of silver was produced), the highest yield with weight of 9.13 mg and particle size of 129.20 nm with Polydispersity Index (PDI) of 0.25. The morphology of AgNPs showed the spherical shape and the crystallization of AgNPs showed a diffractogram pattern similar to the silver standard using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Antibacterial activity of AgNPs was tested against three bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and was measured with diffusion method using paper disc. The antibacterial activity testing showed that AgNPS has better antibacterial activity than silver nitrate and is equivalent to its comparative antibiotics, gentamicin sulfate for gram-negative bacteria and Chloramphenicol for gram-positive bacteria.

Karakterisasi dan Stabilitas Fisik Mikroemulsi Tipe A/M dengan Berbagai Fase Minyak Fitriani, Endang Wahyu; Imelda, Erlina; Kornelis, Christina; Avanti, Christina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 3, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This research consists of formulation, characterization and physical stability of the microemulsion of water-in-oil type. On the microemulsion, VCO, palm oil, olive oil and soybean oil were used as oil phase, aqua demineralisata used as the aqueous phase, a combination of Span® 80 and Tween® 80 as a surfactant and propanol as cosurfactant. Each formula was three times replication done and determined the physical characteristics including organoleptic observations, measurements of density, droplet, viscosity, flow properties, and pH. Determination of physical characteristics was done at the beginning of the microemulsion formed and after 5 weeks storage at room temperature. The physical stability test including the centrifugation test at 10,000 rpm for 30 minutes, the freeze-thaw test for 6 cycles, and heating stability with the oven temperature of 60ºC, 70ºC, 80ºC, 90ºC and 100ºC for 5 hours were done. The data obtained were analyzed using t-Test and one-way ANOVA. Based on the characteristic and physical stability tests, it was showed that microemulsion with VCO, palm oil and soybean oil had better physical characteristics and stability compared to the microemulsion with olive oil.

Pemanfaatan Pati Sagu Pregelatinasi Taut Silang Fosfat sebagai Matriks Tablet Lepas Lambat Natrium Diklofenak Nawatila, Roisah; Wati, Annisa Mahdia; Varasvasti, Jyestha; Aulia, Frea Widia; Avanti, Christina
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35617/jfionline.v16i1.182

Sediaan lepas lambat merupakan sediaan yang dirancang agar bahan aktif dapat mencapai pelepasan obat secara perlahan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Natrium diklofenak memiliki waktu paruh biologis yang relatif singkat (1- 2 jam) sehingga dapat diformulasikan ke dalam bentuk sediaan tablet lepas lambat. Pati sagu memiliki potensi untuk dapat dikembangkan menjadi matriks tablet lepas lambat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memanfaatkan pati sagu yang sebelumnya telah dimodifikasi dengan teknik pregelatinasi dan ditaut silang fosfat (PSTF) agar dapat dikembangkan menjadi matriks tablet lepas lambat natrium diklofenak. Pada penelitian ini dibuat PSTF pada konsentrasi 20% (F2), 22,5% (F3), 25% (F4), 27,5% (F5), 30% (F6), dan 32,5% (F7). Selain itu, matriks hidrofilik sintetik yang dapat digunakan dalam sediaan lepas lambat lainnya adalah Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) dengan konsentrasi 20% sebagai pembanding (F1). Proses pembuatan tablet menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Sediaan tablet yang sudah dibuat selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian mutu fisik dan pengujian pelepasan obat pada jam ke-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, dan 10. Hasil pengujian mutu fisik tablet menunjukkan bahwa semua formula telah memenuhi spesifikasi, walaupun F1 memiliki kekerasan tablet yang paling rendah (4,15 Kp+0,63). Hasil uji disolusi F1 menunjukkan bahwa 3,05% obat dilepaskan selama 1 jam, sedangkan 54,70% obat dilepaskan selama 5 jam, dan sisanya 45% obat dilepaskan dalam sisa 6 jam berikutnya. Hasil uji disolusi F2-F7 pada jam ke-1 berturut-turut melepaskan obat sebesar 89,69%; 56,01%; 85,96%; 65,67%; 68,71%; 85,73%. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa matriks PSTF belum bisa memberikan pola pelepasan obat yang lambat.

ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA PERSONIL SORTIR PADA PROSES PRODUKSI SEDIAAN KAPSUL LUNAK DI PT X Suryandari, Mercyska; Hatidja, Siti Annurijati; Avanti, Christina
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020): JRT Volume 6 No 1 Jun 2020
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Productivity is one of the important aspects that must be owned by a company to achieve the goals. Therefore, to improve productivity, it is necessary to analyze the workload of employees and improve the work procedures. Workload analysis carried out in this study aimed to determine the optimal workforce requirements of the sorting process in the soft capsule production unit at Pharmaceutical Company PT X. The observational method has been applied to this study. The data of this study were obtained by observing the process directly and conducting face-to-face interviews with the employees at the location of soft capsule production. Based on the workload analysis using a Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) method, it was found that a total value of 2.07 was obtained from the eleven activities in the sorting section. If the FTE was assessed for each person in the sorting section, then the FTE value for each personnel was 0.52. This value is in the underload category. Therefore, the number of personnel and the work procedures need to be adjusted.

Kajian Sistematis tentang Peptida Parenteral: Instabilitas, Mekanisme Degradasi, dan Strategi Formulasinya Nugrahadi, Primawan Putra; Avanti, Christina
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol. 15 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia

Abstract: The trend of using peptides, short chains of amino acids, as therapeutic agents has been increasing in recent decades. Therapeutic peptides usually use the parenteral route as systemic delivery system, requiring an aqueous formulation. However, in aqueous formulation, peptides are often unstable. The most stable form of therapeutic peptide is a lyophilized powder. Unfortunately, for tropical and developing countries such as Indonesia, as well as from pharmaco-economic point of view, if stable, peptide formulations in aqueous solution are preferred. This systematic literature review provides the various degradation pathways potentially experienced by therapeutic peptides available in Indonesia in aqueous solution. Then present various known strategies to prevent peptide degradation based on recent research. Article were searched on the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar databases. Search results with keywords: therapeutic peptide OR peptide drug AND stability OR stabilization AND degradation OR degradation pathway found 20 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results showed that aggregation is the most common degradation pathway, followed by deamidation, hydrolysis, β-elimination, and disulphide exchange. The main strategies to improve peptide stability in solution are buffer selection and/or pH adjustment, addition of antioxidants/preservatives, combination of buffer with divalent metal ions, avoiding light exposure, and storage in cold temperature.

ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA PERSONIL SORTIR PADA PROSES PRODUKSI SEDIAAN KAPSUL LUNAK DI PT X Suryandari, Mercyska; Hatidja, Siti Annurijati; Avanti, Christina
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020): JRT Volume 6 No 1 Jun 2020
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55732/jrt.v6i1.151

Productivity is one of the important aspects that must be owned by a company to achieve the goals. Therefore, to improve productivity, it is necessary to analyze the workload of employees and improve the work procedures. Workload analysis carried out in this study aimed to determine the optimal workforce requirements of the sorting process in the soft capsule production unit at Pharmaceutical Company PT X. The observational method has been applied to this study. The data of this study were obtained by observing the process directly and conducting face-to-face interviews with the employees at the location of soft capsule production. Based on the workload analysis using a Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) method, it was found that a total value of 2.07 was obtained from the eleven activities in the sorting section. If the FTE was assessed for each person in the sorting section, then the FTE value for each personnel was 0.52. This value is in the underload category. Therefore, the number of personnel and the work procedures need to be adjusted.

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