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All Journal The Indonesian Journal of Public Health Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Bookchapter Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Negeri Semarang
Setyowati, Florensia Indah
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Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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PERJALANAN ASURANSI KESEHATAN DAN SISTEM PEMBAYARAN KAPITASI DI INDONESIA Maharani, Chatila; Zainafree, Intan; Syukria, Nadia; Tsuroyya, Sabrina Luthfi; Putri, Deva Amanda; Nurkhasanah, Maulia Wahyu; Afriyatin, Via; Setyowati, Florensia Indah; Rahmadhani, Alda Adiestya
Bookchapter Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Negeri Semarang No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/km.v1i5.197

Abstract

Indonesia menjamin hak kesehatan penduduknya sesuai dengan amanat UUD 1945, melalui program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional/JKN. Pembangunan kesehatan dilakukan seoptimal mungkin dengan tujuan mampu meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang setinggi-tingginya. Untuk itu, pelaksanaan program JKN dikawal penuh oleh pemerintah melalui badan hukum yang dibentuk yaitu BPJS Kesehatan, sebagai gatekeeper, FKTP mempunyai peran penting sehingga perlu sistem pembiayaan yang sesuai supaya mampu memenuhi kebutuhan yang ada. Sistem pembiayaan kapitasi merupakan sistem pembayaran prospektif praupaya pendanaan yang diberikan oleh BPJS Kesehatan kepada FKTP. Akan tetapi, masih terdapat kelebihan dan kelemahan dari penerapan sistem kapitasi tersebut. Untuk itu perlu dilihat bagaimana pelaksanaan sistem kapitasi di Indonesia. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji kronologis penerapan dan evaluasi sistem pembayaran kapitasi (termasuk penerapan kapitasi berbasis komitmen) untuk memperbaiki kesenjangan pelayanan kesehatan serta mengetahui perjalanan sistem pembayaran dari era ASKES hingga JKN. Metode yang digunakan dalam bab ini adalah literature review. Hasil literature review ini adalah kronologis sejarah asuransi kesehatan di Indonesia yang dimulai dari jaman kemerdekaan, adanya Jaminana Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Masyarakat (JPKM), Jaring Perlindungan Sosial-Bidang Kesehatan (JPS-BK), Program Kompensasi Pengurangan Subsidi Bahan Bakar Minyak Bidang Kesehatan (PKPS BBM Bidkes), Jaminan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan bagi masyarakat miskin (JPK-Gakin), Jaminan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Masyarakat Miskin (JPKMM)/Askeskin, Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat (Jamkesmas) dan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Bab ini juga membahas mengenai jenis-jenis pembayaran pada fasilitas kesehatan secara prospektif dan restrospektif, serta membahas kelebihan dan kekurangan setiap jenis sistem pembayaran. Lebih khususnya, bab ini juga membahas mengenai kelebihan dan kelemahan dari pelaksanaan sistem kapitasi di Indonesia.
Community-based elderly data management system: enhancing data recording and reporting by local stakeholders Rosha, Putri Tiara; Oksidriyani, Safrina; Ni`ma, Neli Syahidah; Ghassanie, Firly Azra; Himmah, Irna Mufidatul; Artanti, Emilia Indri; Setiawan, Aulia Putri; Ainun, Khotami Nurfa; Setyowati, Florensia Indah
Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcoemph.101282

Abstract

Introduction: Senior Integrated Health Care Post (POKSILA) is an elderly health monitoring activity at the community level. Kedungmundu Public Health Center has the largest number of elderly people and POKSILA in Semarang. Participant measurements are recorded manually through cadre notebooks and POKSILA forms owned by participants. Also, reporting is still limited, and the format is not uniform. This POKSILA data can be used to monitor the health condition of the elderly continuously.Methods: To solve the problem, the stages of service activities include an overview of the characteristics of the elderly, need assessment, activity preparation, and handing over monitoring books to community health centers.Results: Most participants in POKSILA were female (88%) and aged 60-74 (52%). Based on FGD, develop a recording book for cadres and a monitoring book for elderly participants. The book will be developed on cadre needs, Mentari Sehat Nusantara apps, and guidelines for elderly health. To develop the book, we consulted and brainstormed with the experts in Kedungmundu PHC about the design and content of the book. Within local data and cross-collaboration, the tools should be appropriate to local conditions and easily understood by the communities. This community-based service initiative has demonstrated the potential for improving health monitoring and service delivery for elderly populations in Kedungmundu, Semarang.Conclusion: By addressing key challenges identified in the FGDs and implementing standardized tools for health data recording, the initiative has made important strides toward enhancing the quality of elderly care in the region.
EARLY DETECTION OF HYPERTENSION RISK: A SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN AGING POPULATIONS IN SEMARANG Rosha, Putri Tiara; Rahadiyanti, Ayu; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Qudsyiah, Novia Fariqothul; Ghassanie, Firly Azra; Artanti, Emilia Indri; Himmah, Irna Mufidatul; Setyowati, Florensia Indah; Prastika, Yuniar Dwi
The Indonesian Journal of Public Health Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): THE INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijph.v21i1.2026.153-167

Abstract

Introduction: It is estimated that two-thirds of hypertension cases occur in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMICs), and 46% of individuals with hypertension are unaware of their condition. Early detection and effective management of hypertension are crucial for reducing its burden. Aims: This study aims to determine the progression time, the status of hypertension, and the factors that influence it. Methods: This study employed a longitudinal design. Secondary data was collected by 5 Poksila at the Kedungmundu Public Health Center in Semarang. This data was taken from January 2022 to August 2023 as 20 periods and analyzed using survival analysis. Results: A total of 332 participants were included in the analysis. Most of the participants were women (88.66%),  aged 45-59 years old (47.29%), obese (40.6%), and at risk due to waist circumference (77.01%). As many as 66.27% of participants experienced an increase in hypertension status from the previous month. The transition from normal blood pressure to pre-hypertension was the most significant, occurring in 61.82% of participants. The survival rate was 50% in the elderly male group (7.31±4.82 months) and in the female group (5.75±4.25 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that sex was associated with the progression of hypertension (HR 95% CI = 1.67 (1.03-2.69), p=0.03). Conclusion: Elderly males had a longer survival rate compared to females. Females are at higher risk of progression of hypertension. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to manage hypertension effectively based on sex and other risk factors. Routine monitoring for the elderly is essential as a primary preventive measure for hypertension.
Co-Authors Afriyatin, Via Ainun, Khotami Nurfa Artanti, Emilia Indri Ayu Rahadiyanti Chatila Maharani Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum Ghassanie, Firly Azra Himmah, Irna Mufidatul Intan Zainafree, Intan Ni`ma, Neli Syahidah Nurkhasanah, Maulia Wahyu Oksidriyani, Safrina Prastika, Yuniar Dwi Putri, Deva Amanda Qudsyiah, Novia Fariqothul Rahmadhani, Alda Adiestya Rosha, Putri Tiara Setiawan, Aulia Putri Syukria, Nadia Tsuroyya, Sabrina Luthfi