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Tiga Lapis Makna Puisi ‘Aku Berkaca’ Karya Chairil Anwar Bhanu Viktorahadi
FOCUS Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Interpretation is the art of seeking meaning just as the author originally intend- ed. In the process, the author’s intent becomes the key of which among many towards an interpretation. Each interpretation requires the interpreter to enter the author’s mind and identify with the author, achieve total experience or repeat the global experience of the author and enter the realm of his emotions. Chairil Anwar’s ‘aku Berkaca’ is an interesting text offering a rich depth of meaning to be drawn from. There are at least three layers of meaning contained within the poem, namely the context layer, the sound layer, and the meaning layer. These three layers of meaning usher the reader towards the climax indeed the climax as the author intends is a message and meaning in of itself.

Etika Al-Ghazālian dan Titik Temunya dengan Etika Kantian R.F. Bhanu Viktorahadi
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

With his immense intellectual stature and his encyclopaedic knowledge, al-Ghazâli has influenced Islamic thought and defined its practice for nearly nine centuries. Like many legal experts and philosophers, al-Ghazâli divides the universe into the transient world and the eternal hereafter. This world, or temporary existence, is subject to the will of God. It is not governed by a set of scientific laws, but is maintained, governed and driven by the direct and continual intervention of God (rejection of causality). God is not only the creator of the universe and of its attributes and laws (or the cause of existence). He is also the cause of every event in the world, great and small, past, present and future. As a Sufi, al-Ghazâli does have a theory of ethic as a part of his tasawuf discipline. Some experts come to consider al-Ghazâli as a Sufi figure, some other also goes to classify him as a prominent figure of philosophy. This is understandable actually, because from the books he wrote all indicates his interest on both tasawuf as well as philosophy. By considering his books Maqâshid al-Falâsifah or Tahâfut al-Falâsifah, or through his Mi’yâr al’Ilm, one would consider him as a true philosopher. But one might also comes to conclude him as a real Sufi or a true mystic simply by looking at his master piece works such as Ihyâ al-Ulûm al-Dîn, or Kitab al-Arbâ’in dan al-Munqidz min al-Dhalâl.

Persaudaraan Orang Muda Katolik: Perbandingan Dokumen Abu Dhabi dan Sinode Keuskupan Bandung 2015 Leonardus Dewantara, Moses; Viktorahadi, R.F. Bhanu
FOCUS Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v4i2.7376

This research explores the role of Catholic Youth (Orang Muda Katolik or OMK) in responding to the challenges of intolerance in Indonesia, particularly in the province of West Java. By examining Catholic Church documents such as the "Abu Dhabi Document" and "Christus Vivit," as well as the Pastoral Focus of the Bandung Diocese for the year 2023, this study aims to understand how OMK comprehends and implements the values of brotherhood advocated by the Church. In the context of intolerance, especially in West Java, known as a region with high levels of intolerance, the research also explores concrete steps that OMK can take to build a more tolerant society. The study involves an analysis of OMK identity, with a focus on the characteristics of the millennial generation, and considers the impact of the document "Human Fraternity for World Peace and Living Together" and the results of the 2015 Synod of the Bandung Diocese. The results indicate that OMK plays a crucial role in fostering interfaith brotherhood, emphasizing dialogue, acceptance of differences, and participation in social action. With implications from Church documents, this research provides a strong foundation for OMK to develop a spirit of brotherhood, respect for differences, and engagement in social action as part of their social responsibility. In the context of pastoral guidance, the study highlights the importance of conscience as a moral guide and suggests pastoral strategies that can be applied to help OMK internalize faith values. Thus, this research provides profound insights into the role of the Catholic Church in promoting peace and brotherhood in the midst of religious intolerance. The results can serve as a basis for further development of strategies to address tolerance challenges at the local and national levels.

Seminari Tinggi Fermentum : Kebersatuan Calon Imam Ragam Budaya, Satu Silih Asih Felix, Fransiskus; Viktorahadi, R.F. Bhanu
FOCUS Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v5i2.8154

This research discusses the cultural differences of each candidates of priest at Fermentum Major Seminary. Cultural differences are a challenge for efforts to unify the vision with the Fermentum Major Seminary formation program. By using the unifying elements offered by the RFIS document, the candidates of priest create unity among community members with an attitude of ‘Silih Asih’. ‘Silih Asih’ is a Sundanese philosophy that continues to be lived by the people of West Java. This research uses empirical research methods, observations, a logical thinking framework which is manifested in a sequence of narratives, descriptions and analysis. This method is complemented by literature study. Empirical research was carried out using short interviews to find out valid data from each members regarding their place of origin and ethnicity, pastoral care together with the congregation. As a result, good and correct processing is needed in dealing with these differences. The element of unity offered by the Church’s document Ratio Fundamentalis Institutionis Sacerdotalis (RFIS) and the Guidelines for the Formation of Candidates for Priests in the Bandung Diocese help the candidates of priest to find unity of vision with the seminary institution and the pastoral vision of the Bishop of Bandung. The development of an attitude of compassion must be carried out and lived by members at the Fermentum Major Seminary of the Bandung Diocese.

Persaudaraan Orang Muda Katolik: Perbandingan Dokumen Abu Dhabi dan Sinode Keuskupan Bandung 2015 Leonardus Dewantara, Moses; Viktorahadi, R.F. Bhanu
FOCUS Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v4i2.7376

This research explores the role of Catholic Youth (Orang Muda Katolik or OMK) in responding to the challenges of intolerance in Indonesia, particularly in the province of West Java. By examining Catholic Church documents such as the "Abu Dhabi Document" and "Christus Vivit," as well as the Pastoral Focus of the Bandung Diocese for the year 2023, this study aims to understand how OMK comprehends and implements the values of brotherhood advocated by the Church. In the context of intolerance, especially in West Java, known as a region with high levels of intolerance, the research also explores concrete steps that OMK can take to build a more tolerant society. The study involves an analysis of OMK identity, with a focus on the characteristics of the millennial generation, and considers the impact of the document "Human Fraternity for World Peace and Living Together" and the results of the 2015 Synod of the Bandung Diocese. The results indicate that OMK plays a crucial role in fostering interfaith brotherhood, emphasizing dialogue, acceptance of differences, and participation in social action. With implications from Church documents, this research provides a strong foundation for OMK to develop a spirit of brotherhood, respect for differences, and engagement in social action as part of their social responsibility. In the context of pastoral guidance, the study highlights the importance of conscience as a moral guide and suggests pastoral strategies that can be applied to help OMK internalize faith values. Thus, this research provides profound insights into the role of the Catholic Church in promoting peace and brotherhood in the midst of religious intolerance. The results can serve as a basis for further development of strategies to address tolerance challenges at the local and national levels.

Seminari Tinggi Fermentum : Kebersatuan Calon Imam Ragam Budaya, Satu Silih Asih Felix, Fransiskus; Viktorahadi, R.F. Bhanu
FOCUS Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v5i2.8154

This research discusses the cultural differences of each candidates of priest at Fermentum Major Seminary. Cultural differences are a challenge for efforts to unify the vision with the Fermentum Major Seminary formation program. By using the unifying elements offered by the RFIS document, the candidates of priest create unity among community members with an attitude of ‘Silih Asih’. ‘Silih Asih’ is a Sundanese philosophy that continues to be lived by the people of West Java. This research uses empirical research methods, observations, a logical thinking framework which is manifested in a sequence of narratives, descriptions and analysis. This method is complemented by literature study. Empirical research was carried out using short interviews to find out valid data from each members regarding their place of origin and ethnicity, pastoral care together with the congregation. As a result, good and correct processing is needed in dealing with these differences. The element of unity offered by the Church’s document Ratio Fundamentalis Institutionis Sacerdotalis (RFIS) and the Guidelines for the Formation of Candidates for Priests in the Bandung Diocese help the candidates of priest to find unity of vision with the seminary institution and the pastoral vision of the Bishop of Bandung. The development of an attitude of compassion must be carried out and lived by members at the Fermentum Major Seminary of the Bandung Diocese.

Religieuses du Sacré-Coeur de Jésus (RSCJ) as a Religious Social Movement R.F. Bhanu Viktorahadi; Martha Gabriela Hernández
FOCUS Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mgzbs235

This study aims to analyze whether Religieuses du Sacré-Coeur de Jésus (RSCJ) can be categorized as a religious social movement and to explain the characteristics of this movement based on the principal missions it has developed. The study employs a qualitative approach using the library research method and utilizes social movement theories developed by Sydney Tarrow, Max Weber, Talcott Parsons, and Neil J. Smelser as its analytical framework. The findings reveal that the emergence of RSCJ cannot be separated from the context of the French Revolution and the development of modernism, both of which encouraged various forms of social and religious reform. The study also demonstrates that RSCJ can be understood as a value-oriented religious social movement that translates the spirituality of the Sacred Heart of Jesus into collective action through education, interreligious dialogue, and the promotion of spirituality and a culture of peace. The implications of this study indicate that spirituality-based religious social movements play a strategic role in strengthening education, fostering interfaith dialogue, and developing a culture of peace within increasingly pluralistic and complex societies. The originality of this study lies in its effort to position RSCJ within the perspective of religious social movements, thereby expanding the fields of sociology of religion and social movement studies, which have traditionally focused on mainstream religious organizations and civil society–based social movements.

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