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Safitra, Edwin Rizki
Institut Teknologi Sumatera
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MICROWAVE-ASSISTED HYDRODISTILLATION EXTRACTION OF CRUDE OIL FROM ARUMANIS MANGO KERNEL (Mangifera indica L.) Rahmiyati, Lutfia; Saputri, Desi Riana; Alhanif, Misbahudin; Shifa, Naufal Brain; Akbar, Daffa Ahsanul; Auriyani, Wika Atro; Damayanti, Damayanti; Fahni, Yunita; Sanjaya, Andri; Safitra, Edwin Rizki; Adiwibowo, Muhammad Triyogo; Wicaksono, Rihardian Maulana
JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/jip.v14i1.32306

Abstract

Arumanis mango seeds (Mangifera indica L.) are generally underutilized and still considered agricultural waste. Mango seeds offer various benefits, including antioxidant properties, cholesterol-lowering effects, and natural antibiotic activity. This study aims to determine the yield of mango kernel extract, evaluate the influence of solvent type and extraction time on extraction efficiency, and identify the chemical composition of the extract. The extraction process was carried out using the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) at 375 watts, employing three types of solvents: ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane, with extraction times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results showed that the highest yield was obtained using ethanol at an extraction time of 30 minutes, yielding 40.342%. Based on GC-MS analysis, in the n-hexane at a 90-minute extraction time, the most abundant fatty acid detected was butyric acid, with a retention time of 14.06 minutes and a peak area of 9.852%. Meanwhile, the most dominant compound was hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde (HMF), which appeared at a retention time of 22.09 minutes with a peak area of 12.437%.
INFLUENCE OF SOLVENT POLARITY ON ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF RUBBER SEED OIL: YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS Imalia, Calaelma Logys; Saputri, Desi Riana; Damayanti, Damayanti; Auriyani, Wika Atro; Alhanif, Misbahudin; Fahni, Yunita; Sanjaya, Andri; Achmad, Feerzet; Deviany, Deviany; Sufra, Rifqi; Safitra, Edwin Rizki; Sanjaya, Bagus Gelorawan; Sari, Dewi Kurnia
JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/jip.v14i1.31756

Abstract

Rubber seeds contain fatty acids that can be used as industrial mixtures and processed into biodiesel, soap production, and animal feed. So far, the utilization of rubber seeds has not been optimal, so rubber seeds can be processed into oil using an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The study aimed to determine the characteristics of oil from rubber seed extract, such as color, odor, and chemical compound content. In addition, the study seeks to assess the effect of solvent type (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol), extraction time (30, 45, and 60 minutes), and ratio of material :solvent (1:5, 1:6, and 1:7 w/v) on the yield (%) of oil extract from rubber seeds. The results showed that oil from rubber seed extract obtained with n-hexane exhibited a yellow color and had a rubber seed aroma, ethyl acetate solvent produced a cloudy yellow color and had an ethyl acetate aroma, and ethanol solvent produced a brownish yellow color and had a rubber seed aroma. The most significant oil extraction result from rubber seeds is ethanol solvent with a time of 45 and 60 minutes, and a ratio of material to solvent of 1:7 w/v. The rubber seed oil content was tested using GC-MS taken from the three best samples of each type of solvent (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) at an extraction time of 45 minutes and a ratio of material to solvent of 1:7 w/v. The oil compound content in rubber seed extract was 90.64% using hexane, 35.95% using ethyl acetate, and 25.19% using ethanol as solvents. The oil compounds extracted using n-hexane solvent consisted of 9-octadecanoic acid, methyl ester at 63.917%, those using ethyl acetate solvent were acetic acid, butyl ester at 30.67%, and those using ethanol solvent were n-hexadecanoic acid at 9.15%.
EXTRACTION OF DAMMAR RESIN (Agathis dammara) USING MICROWAVE-ASSISTED HYDRO-DISTILLATION (MAHD) A'yuni, Dewi Qurrota; Alhanif, Misbahudin; Hasna, Afifah; Halizah, Nurul; Damayanti, Damayanti; Auriyani, Wika Atro; Fahni, Yunita; Sanjaya, Andri; Mustafa, Mustafa; Kodarif, Abdul Rozak; Rahmiyati, Lutfia; Turnip, Nina Juliana Roberta; Safitra, Edwin Rizki; Saputri, Desi Riana
JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/jip.v14i1.31631

Abstract

Dammar resin (Agathis dammara) is a mixture of various organic polymers in a solid or semi-solid form that can be utilised as an essential oil source. This study extracted the essential oil from dammar resin using microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD), considering its ability to extract the product in a short period with only a small amount of solvent. This study investigates the effect of solvent and extraction time on the yield of dammar resin extract. Results showed that the highest yields are 27.500, 22.902, and 15.392% for distilled water, a 1:1 v/v mixture of ethyl acetate and distilled water, and a 1:1 v/v mixture of hexane and distilled water as solvents, respectively. The optimum extraction time was different for different solvents, in the 60–90 minute range. Based on the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the dammar resin extract contains several groups of components, including alcohol and sesquiterpene groups. The alcohol group was higher after extraction using an ethyl acetate and distilled water mixture, especially 2-Butoxyethanol, with a yield of 39.706%. Meanwhile, a mixture of hexane and distilled water increased the sesquiterpene compounds in products such as Germacrene D, yielding 19.975%.
OPTIMIZATION OF PECTIN YIELD FROM KEPOK BANANA PEEL (Musa Balbisiana BBB) USING ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION WITH ACETIC ACID AND SULFURIC ACID SOLVENTS Silvia, Putri Zulva; Saputri, Desi Riana; Damayanti, Damayanti; Auriyani, Wika Atro; Fahni, Yunita; Sanjaya, Andri; Yusupandi, Fauzi; Yuniarti, Reni; Safitra, Edwin Rizki; Tiara, Mega; Pajrin, Alfina; Alhanif, Misbahudin
JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/jip.v14i1.31632

Abstract

In Indonesia, banana fruit production occupies the first position compared to other fruits. The peel constitutes approximately 40% of the total weight of the fruit, thus producing a large amount of waste. The white part of the banana peel (mesocarp) has the potential to serve as a source of pectin, which primarily functions as a thickening and gel-forming agent. Pectin can be extracted from fruit peel using acidic solvents. This research was performed using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method. This study utilized banana peel waste produced by banana chips traders in the city of Bandar Lampung and aims to determine the effect of temperature, time, and type of extraction solvent on the yield of pectin extract from kepok banana peels (Musa balbisiana BBB), and to identify the molecular functional groups of extracted pectin with the highest yield. Based on this research, it is known that the yield increases with increasing temperature and extraction time. The optimum condition for pectin extraction from kepok banana peel (Musa balbisiana BBB) was obtained at a temperature of 70 °C with a time of 90 minutes for both acetic acid and sulfuric acid solvents, yielding 12.63 and 14.09%, respectively. FTIR spectroscopy analysis reveals that the pectin extract exhibits functional groups with characteristic absorption bands in the specific wavelength regions consistent with pectin’s structure. These include O–H stretching vibrations, –CH₃ groups in the methoxyl (COOCH₃) branch, C–H bonds, C=O carbonyl groups, C–O bonds, and ether (C–O–C) linkages.
Co-Authors A'yuni, Dewi Qurrota Achmad, Feerzet Akbar, Daffa Ahsanul Alhanif, Misbahudin Andri Sanjaya Auriyani, Wika Atro Damayanti Damayanti Deviany, Deviany Fahni, Yunita Halizah, Nurul Hasna, Afifah Imalia, Calaelma Logys Kodarif, Abdul Rozak Muhammad Triyogo Adiwibowo Mustafa, Mustafa Pajrin, Alfina Rahmiyati, Lutfia Rifqi Sufra Sanjaya, Bagus Gelorawan Saputri, Desi Riana Sari, Dewi Kurnia Shifa, Naufal Brain Silvia, Putri Zulva Tiara, Mega Turnip, Nina Juliana Roberta Wicaksono, Rihardian Maulana Yuniarti, Reni Yusupandi, Fauzi