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All Journal Journal of Arts and Education (JAE) Proceedings of English Linguistics and Literature Paradigma: Jurnal Filsafat, Sains, Teknologi, dan Sosial Budaya
Tamtama, Rafael Aglis Ariya
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Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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The Comparative Analysis of Social Inequality and Alienation in A Short Happy Life of Conat and The Garden Party Using Marxism Odelia, Risca Jovita; Bunadi, Stefanie Bunadi; Tamtama, Rafael Aglis Ariya; Kriswanto, Dian Widya; Sriastuti, Anna
Journal of Arts and Education Vol 4, No 1 (2024): Volume 4, Nomor 1, Juli 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Arts and Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33365/jae.v4i1.444

Abstract

The analysis combines two stories, The Short Happy Life of Conat by Mochtar Lubis and The Garden Party by Katherine Mansfield. The aim of this analysis is to examine inequality or class distinction and exploitation, and to explore the theme of alienation between the main characters of both stories. Using Marxist theory, this analysis highlights social and economic philosophy and relates it to the main characters, showing how they navigate their economic conditions, whether upper class or lower class. Through a Marxist lens, the study examines how Conat and Laura experience different forms of alienation as a result of their socio-economic conditions. Conat, a trishaw driver, faces alienation from both the product of his labor and the labor process itself, reflecting Karl Marx's theories of alienation in a capitalist society. Laura, on the other hand, experiences a form of alienation from herself, where her family's capitalistic priorities overshadow empathy and human connection. Despite their different contexts and backgrounds, both characters illustrate the pervasive impact of alienation within their respective societies. Keywords: alienation, exploitation, Karx Marx, Marxist theory, social inequality
Freudian Analysis of Freedom: Comparing 'Aku Perempuan' by Indah Pratama and 'The Sky is the Limit' by Rohini Vij Tamtama, Rafael Aglis Ariya; Odelia, Risca Jovita; Bunadi, Stefanie Keren; Sriastuti, Anna
Proceedings of English Linguistics and Literature Vol. 4 (2024): Reconnecting with Nature through Literature, Language, & Culture
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

This comparative research analyzes the freedom of the main characters in two short stories "Aku Perempuan" by Indah Pratama and "The Sky is the Limit" by Rohini Vij using Sigmund Freud's Tripartite Personality, which consists of the Id, Ego, and Superego. The main issue in this research is how the conflict between personal desires, reality, and social norms affects the freedom of the main characters in these two stories. The aim of this research is to understand the psychological dynamics experienced by the main characters as they struggle to achieve freedom that is limited through self-realization. The researcher wants to see freedom from Id, Ego, Superego of each of the main characters of desires and what they actually want. The method used is qualitative analysis with Freud's theoretical approach, where data is obtained from the narrative texts of the two short stories. The finding of this research shows that they navigate the conflicts between the Tripartite of how the characters can get freedom through self-realization. This analysis highlights the importance of perseverance, social support, and self-determination. By understanding this, readers, especially women can achieve personal freedom within restrictive social contexts.
Analisis Materialisme Budaya Marvin Harris terhadap Maskulinitas dalam Masyarakat Jawa Tamtama, Rafael Aglis Ariya; Paonganan, Semar; Marianta, Yohanes I Wayan
Paradigma: Jurnal Filsafat, Sains, Teknologi, dan Sosial Budaya Vol. 32 No. 2 (2026): Paradigma: Jurnal Filsafat, Sains, Teknologi, dan Sosial Budaya
Publisher : Universitas Insan Budi Utomo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33503/paradigma.v32i2.3791

Abstract

Penelitian ini berfokus pada konsep maskulinitas dalam masyarakat Jawa yang sering dianggap murni dan alamiah, padahal sejatinya dibentuk oleh kondisi sosial, sejarah, dan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana kondisi material dan sistem ekonomi-ekologi masyarakat Jawa menstrukturkan peran gender yang melahirkan ideologi maskulinitas, sekaligus mengisi kekosongan pada penelitian sebelumnya yang hanya berfokus pada bentuk maskulinitas. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi pustaka dengan menerapkan teori Materialisme Budaya dari Marvin Harris (infrastruktur, struktur, suprastruktur). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa maskulinitas Jawa dipengaruhi oleh kehidupan agraris dan birokrasi feodal-kolonial. Pada tingkat infrastruktur, kelas bawah (wong cilik) membentuk maskulinitas yang keras akibat tuntutan kerja fisik, sedangkan kelas elite (priyayi) mengadopsi sikap halus karena stabilitas ekonomi. Pada tingkat struktur, birokrasi menuntut ketenangan administratif dari laki-laki priyayi, sekaligus mendomestikasi perempuan. Pada tingkat suprastruktur, nilai "alus" (halus, sabar, sopan) digunakan untuk melanggengkan dominasi kelas atas. Kesimpulannya, maskulinitas Jawa bukanlah kodrat alamiah, melainkan hasil bentukan kondisi material dan relasi kekuasaan untuk mempertahankan hierarki sosial. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkaya perspektif baru kajian maskulinitas Jawa melalui pendekatan materialisme budaya.
Co-Authors Anna Sriastuti Bunadi, Stefanie Bunadi Bunadi, Stefanie Keren Kriswanto, Dian Widya Marianta, Yohanes I Wayan Odelia, Risca Jovita Paonganan, Semar