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DEMOKRASI KONSTITUSIONAL DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN NEGARA (Studi Analisis Pemikiran KH. Wahab Chasbullah) Tabrozi, Dhika; B. Syafuri; Faisal Zulfikar; David Nugraha Saputra
Al Qisthas Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Vol. 14 No. 2 (2023): Juli-Desember 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Tata Negara Fakultas Syariah UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37035/alqisthas.v14i2.9573

Abstract

Democracy is very fundamental in the administration of the state based on the principles of popular sovereigbty, deliberation and consensus, not on personal, group or class interests. Constitutional democracy is the answer in limiting arbitrary government actions which is a fundamental principle based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as the state constitution. This research uses a qualitative approach (literature review). The result of research on constitutional democracy based on the author’s analysis of Wahab Chasbullah’s thoughts are divided in two principles. First. The implementation of constitutional democracy is based on the principles of Islamic law which consists of asy-syuro, al-‘adalah, al-hurriyah an al-musawa and by maintaining human rights guarantees. Second. The implementation of democracy based on the objectives of Islamic law (maqashid asy-syariah) is the vision of Islamic law towards (hifdz ad-din), (hifdz an-nafs), (hifdz al-‘aql), (hifdz an-nasl), (hifdz mal). By paying attention to the protection of human honor (hifdz al-‘irdh), and the protection of the environment (hifdz al-bi’ah)
Ijtihad Maqashid Sharia in the Thought of Asy-Syatibi and Muhammad At-Tahir Ibn Ashur Tabrozi, Dhika
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v13i1.4068

Abstract

The study of ijtihad in maqashid shariah within the thoughts of asy-Syatibi and Ibn Ashur contains a rational intellectual substance. However, previous studies have not fully explored asy-Syatibi and Ibn Ashur’s perspectives in elaborating the methodological foundations of maqashid shariah. This study employs a qualitative approach through a literature review on the thoughts of asy-Syatibi and Ibn Ashur regarding maqashid shariah, utilizing content analysis as its research method. The primary data is sourced from al-Muwafaqat and Maqashid al-Shariah al-Islamiyyah. Meanwhile, secondary data is derived from texts that correlate with the maqashid perspectives of both scholars. The data is then analyzed to understand the epistemological framework of asy-Syatibi and Ibn Ashur’s ijtihad. The findings of this study reveal that Asy-Syatibi argues that the implementation of shariah for mukallaf aims to achieve maslahah in relation to religious well-being and sustenance in worldly life. Asy-Syatibi mapped the core principles of the maslahah framework onto the five primary necessities (ad-dharuriyyat al-khams). Flexibility in worship is positioned as a secondary need, while the cultivation of akhlaq al-karimah serves as a complementary element in achieving the objectives of maqashid shariah. Meanwhile, Ibn Ashur’s concept of maqashid shariah distinguishes between maslahah that is general and maslahah that is specific. Maslahah ‘ammah presents a framework that categorizes needs into primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Meanwhile, maslahah khassah focuses on specific benefits for individuals, encompassing worship (ibadah), transactions (mu‘amalat), family law, and criminal law. The concept of ibadah aims to purify both the soul and body, while mu‘amalat seeks to establish justice in individual rights within social contracts. Family law serves to protect the rights of the husband, wife, and children, whereas criminal law is designed to uphold justice. The concept of maqashid shariah proposed by asy-Syatibi and Ibn Ashur serves as a bridge and provides solutions to contemporary challenges related to modern issues and Islamic law. Kajian ijtihad maqashid syariah dalam pemikiran asy-Syatibi dan Ibnu Asyur memuat substansi pemikiran yang rasional. Namun, penelitian terdahulu belum sepenuhnya membahas pemikiran asy-Syatibi dan Ibnu Asyur dalam mengelaborasi landasan metodologis maqashid syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berupa studi pustaka terkait pemikiran maqashid syariah asy-Syatibi dan Ibnu Asyur dan metode analisis konten. Data primer bersumber dari kitab al-Muwafaqat dan Maqashid Syariah al-Islamiyyah. Sedangkan data sekunder lainnya bersumber dari teks yang memiliki korelasi dalam maqashid kedua tokoh tersebut. Data kemudian dianalisis untuk memahami kerangka epistemologis dari pemikiran asy-Syatibi dan Ibnu Asyur dalam berijtihad. Hasil kajian ini menemukan bahwa asy-Syatibi berpendapat pemberian syariat kepada mukalaf bertujuan untuk mewujudkan maslahah dirinya pada kemaslahatan agama dan keberlangsungan hidupnya di dunia. Asy-Syatibi memetakan pokok pemikiran maslahahnya pada lima kebutuhan primer (ad-dharuriyyat al-khams). Keringanan dalam beribadah diposisikan sebagai kebutuhan sekunder dan tercipatnya akhlaqul-karimah sebagai penyempurna maqashid syariah. Sedangkan gagasan maqashid syariah oleh Ibnu Asyur  menunjukkan adanya maslahah yang bersifat umum dan bersifat khusus. Maslahah ‘ammah menawarkan konsep kebutuhan primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Maslahah khassah menawarkan konsep kemaslahatan secara khusus bagi individu yang terdiri atas ibadah, muamalat, hukum keluarga, dan hukum pidana. Konsepsi ibadah bertujuan untuk membersihkan jiwa dan raga manusia, muamalat bertujuan untuk menciptakan keadilan pada hak-hak individu dalam kontrak sosial, hukum keluarga melindungi hak suami, istri serta anak, dan hukum pidana bertujuan untuk menegakkan keadilan. Gagasan maqashid syariah yang diutarakan oleh asy-Syatibi dan Ibnu Asyur mampu menjembatani dan menjawab tantangan zaman yang berkaitan dengan problem modern dan hukum Islam.
Constitutional Framework for Mining Regulation: Regional Autonomy and State Authority Sumirat, Iin Ratna; Rahman, Arif; Tabrozi, Dhika; Wazin, Wazin
Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi Vol. 8 Issue 2 (2025) Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Konstitusi
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/volksgeist.v8i2.12616

Abstract

The licensing of minerals and coal in Indonesia faces significant challenges, particularly concerning legal certainty and fair intergovernmental relationships. This research delves into the legal uncertainties emerging from the central-regional framework defined by Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution and Law No. 23/2014 on Regional Government. It also examines sectoral regulations as laid out in Law No. 4/2009, amended by Law No. 3/2020 and Law No. 2/2025, and Government Regulation No. 25/2024. Through a normative legal methodology that includes legislative, conceptual, and comparative analyses, the study highlights issues such as: overlapping mandates between laws, unclear operational boundaries between Law No. 23/2014 and post-2020 mining regulations, and inconsistencies in enforcement practices. A significant conclusion of the research emphasizes the constitutional authority given to Regional Governments to regulate and oversee mining operations within their areas. However, the implementation Law No. 2 may unintentionally undermine regional autonomy and modify the crucial role of Regional Governments as primary regulators in the mining sector. Additionally, the assignment of authority to mass organizations and universities in mining management in mining raises serious questions regarding legal hierarchy and compliance with constitutional mandates, potentially conflicting with their official roles and purposes.