Winata, Victor Adi
Master's Degree Program, Faculty Of Fisheries And Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya

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The Genetic Diversity of Bali Sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) Caught at Bali Strait and Its Possible Relation to The Ocean Circulation Sartimbul, Aida; Hendiari, I Gusti Ayu Diah; Arthana, I Wayan; Kartika, Gde Raka Angga; Winata, Victor Adi; Pranowo, Widodo Setiyo; Susanto, Raden Dwi; Rohadi, Erfan; Muslihah, Nurul; Yona, Defri; Iranawati, Feni
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v17i2.56670

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research A low sequence divergence of lemuru between Bali Strait and the northern latitude. S. lemuru migration route through ITF will maintain its nucleotide variation. The high haplotype diversity of lemuru is a testament to its adaptability. S. lemuru's high haplotype diversity supports their stock recovery in the Bali Strait. Two sardine species are morphologically and genetically highly distinct, even though they prefer overlapping water mass conditions from each other. Abstract Sardinella lemuru is known as the native pelagic fish of the Bali Strait. However, its presence has recently become challenging to find. This study aimed to validate S. lemuru using molecular taxonomy and link it to water circulations for sustainable management. It is the first study of relatively complete sequence data on S. lemuru in the Bali Strait. A total of 47 sequences were amplified using the control region gene of mitochondrial DNA. Other S. lemuru (n = 4) and Amblygaster sirm (n = 12) sequences were retrieved from GenBank. Low sequence divergence is observed in clade-1 of S. lemuru across the Bali Strait, Manado-Sulawesi, and Kudat-Malaysia. This is probably due to its migration using the main Indonesian ThroughFlow (ITF). There is an evolutionary divergence between two groups of S. lemurs, measuring 35.3%±4.1. The first signs of these cryptic groups were found at Canggu and Prigi, with 87 base-pair differences between the two groups. This study also presents strong evidence that A. sirm prefers overlapping water mass conditions with S. lemuru in the Bali Strait but is morphologically and genetically distinct. Notably, three samples of A. sirm in Kedonganan-Bali are clustered with other A. sirm locations passed by the primary and secondary South China Sea throughflow. The high genetic diversity of S. lemuru among Bali Strait sites demonstrates its adaptive ability, with scattered single-frequency haplotypes. The adaptive ability traits of S. lemuru support its stock recovery. The stock recovery recommendation is based on finding S. lemuru’s adaptive traits within their populations in suitable habitats and climatic conditions
Kelimpahan Mikroplastik pada Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) dan Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Yang Didaratkan di PPP Mayangan, Probolinggo: Microplastic Abundance on Bali Sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) and Indian Mackarel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Landed at PPP Mayangan, Probolinggo Avisina, Achmadika; Yona, Defri; Winata, Victor Adi; Nor, Hazimah Binte Mohamed; Sartimbul, Aida
Water and Marine Pollution Journal: PoluSea Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Water and Marine Pollution Journal: PoluSea October 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.polusea.2024.002.02.4

Abstract

Ikan kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta) dan ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) merupakan dua spesies ikan yang umum ditangkap di PPP Mayangan Probolinggo dan memiliki peluang yang tinggi untuk terkontaminasi oleh mikroplastik. Sampel ikan diambil secara acak dan diukur morfometrik (panjang dan berat tubuh) sebagai informasi biologis pendukung dan validasi untuk penggunaan uji perbedaan morfometrik dari kedua jenis ikan terhadap data kelimpahan mikroplastiknya. Analisis kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kedua jenis ikan dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi dan membandingkan kelimpahan partikel antara kedua jenis ikan berdasarkan jaringan/organ ikan, tipe partikel, ukuran partikel, serta warna partikel. Bahan organik dihancurkan menggunakan metode destruksi H2O2 30% dengan perbandingan 1:20. Analisis FTIR digunakan untuk mengetahui jenis polimer dari mikroplastik. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat kelimpahan sebanyak 52,20 ± 22,81 partikel/individu pada ikan kembung dan 61,20 ± 10,48 partikel/individu pada ikan lemuru. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan kelimpahan partikel yang signifikan berdasarkan asal organ/jaringan maupun tipe, ukuran, dan warna partikel. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa partikel mikroplastik yang dikonsumsi oleh kedua jenis ikan cenderung memiliki karakteristik yang sama: bertipe fragmen atau fiber, berwarna hitam atau biru, dan berukuran berkisar 50-100 µm. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan partikel dengan tipe cotton fibre. Kontrol kualitas data mikroplastik dari sampel (tingkat kontaminasi udara 1,59 %) didapatkan dari blanko (kontrol negatif) dengan mempertimbangkan kelimpahan dan karakteristik mikroplastiknya.   Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and the Bali Sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) are two common fish species caught in the Mayangan Probolinggo Fishing Port (PPP) and are highly susceptible to microplastic contamination. Fish samples were picked randomly and their morphometric (body length and weight) were measured as supporting biological information and validation for the usage of difference testing of both species’ morphometrics to their microplastics abundance. Analysis of microplastic abundance in both fish species was conducted by identifying and comparing particle abundance between the two species based on fish tissues/organs, particle type, particle size, and particle colour. Organic material was destroyed using a 30% H2O2 destruction method with a ratio of 1:20. FTIR was performed to determine the polymer of microplastics. The results showed an abundance of 52.20 ± 22.81 particles/individual in mackerel and 61.20 ± 10.48 particles/individual in Bali Sardinella. Statistical analysis indicated no significant differences in particle abundance based on organ/tissue origin or particle type, size, and colour. It can be concluded that the microplastic particles consumed by both fish species tend to have similar characteristics: fragmented or fibrous type, black or blue colour, and a size of 50-100 µm. FTIR results indicated cotton fibre type particle. Quality control of the microplastic data from samples (air contamination level of 1,59%) was obtained from blank samples (negative control) with their abundance and characteristics taken into consideration.