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MEMAHAMI & MEMAKNAI KONSEP-KONSEP LEX AETERNA SEBAGAI TEOLOGI HUKUM MENURUT AGUSTINUS, ALBERTUS MAGNUS, & THOMAS AQUINAS Siti Nur Azizah; Wagiman; Adrian Bima Putra; Brian Matthew
Ekasakti Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Ekasakti Jurnal Penelitian & Pegabdian (Mei 2024 - Oktober 2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti

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Abstract

The article will explore the concept of ‘Lex Aeterna’ from Augustine, Albertus Magnus, to Thomas Aquinas. Lex Aeterna scholars can refer to Aquinas through the Summa Theologica which is essentially an idea of ??an absolute, eternal, and wise order in the Universe created and established by God Himself. Everything that exists and moves directs everything to its proper purpose in God and through Divine reason has the nature of law. Although Divine reason is not subject to time, but is eternal. The law by which God governs the Universe must also be eternal. Therefore, every Divine concept is true because of its own reason. This law is the final authority that humans must turn to so that they can know without a doubt what they should do and what they should avoid. Some people know about lex aeterna because God has implanted in the human soul the principles of proper action. This is human participation in lex aeterna, a participation called natural law. Based on this, humans have knowledge of general principles and certain teachings about rights and justice. No one can know the lex aeterna as it is and in its entirety. Every rational being knows it in its reflection or effect. All law, partaking of reason, originates or originates from the eternal law. For nothing is just and legitimate except that which has been derived from the lex aeterna. Lex Aeterna itself is ultimately understood as the theology of law, namely the universe itself, namely reality which is composed and regulated by a natural order or cosmic law.
SUPERVISION OF WIRETAPPING AUTHORITY BY THE CORRUPTION ERADICATION COMMISSION (KPK) FROM A HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE Gunawan Widjaja; Adrian Bima Putra
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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Abstract

This study aims to analyse the monitoring mechanism of the Corruption Eradication Commission's (KPK) wiretapping authority from a human rights perspective. The research method used is normative juridical with a literature study approach, which examines various laws and regulations, court decisions, and relevant legal literature. The results showed that the tapping supervision mechanism by the KPK Supervisory Board still has various weaknesses, such as potential conflicts of interest, risk of information leakage, and unclear standard procedures. In addition, administrative supervision has not been able to fully guarantee the protection of privacy and human rights. Therefore, it is necessary to optimise a more proportional supervision model, through regulatory reform, strengthening independent external supervision, and utilising technology to increase transparency and accountability. This effort is expected to create a balance between the effectiveness of corruption eradication and the protection of human rights in Indonesia.
A HUMAN RIGHTS-BASED COMMUNICATION WIRETAPPING POLICY MODEL FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT IN INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja; Adrian Bima Putra
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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Abstract

This research discusses the model of human rights-based communication tapping policy in law enforcement in Indonesia. The fragmentation of wiretapping regulations in various laws such as the Telecommunications Law, ITE Law, and KPK Law has created legal uncertainty and opened opportunities for violations of citizens' privacy rights. This study uses a literature review method to analyse norm conflicts in wiretapping regulations and formulate a policy model that meets accountability and privacy protection standards. The results show that wiretapping should be conducted based on court permission, with independent supervision, restrictions on scope and duration, and an effective complaint mechanism for victims of illegal wiretapping. Regulatory harmonisation is needed through the establishment of a special law on wiretapping that integrates international human rights principles and accountability, so that wiretapping can be an effective law enforcement instrument without compromising the fundamental rights of citizens.
SURVEILLANCE AND IMPLICATIONS OF WIRETAPPING IN INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL LAW: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ARRANGEMENTS AND PRACTICES Gunawan Widjaja; Adrian Bima Putra
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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Abstract

This research addresses the surveillance and implications of wiretapping in the perspective of international and national law through a comparative study of regulation and practice, with a focus on the cases of Indonesia and Australia. Wiretapping is an important instrument in law enforcement and state security, but at the same time has the potential to violate human rights, particularly the right to privacy. At the international level, wiretapping is regulated through various human rights instruments such as the UDHR, ICCPR, and the Vienna Convention, which emphasise the protection of privacy and the principle of non-intervention, while leaving room for exceptions for serious crimes. At the national level, Indonesia faces challenges of regulatory fragmentation, weak oversight, and the absence of a specific law that comprehensively regulates wiretapping. The case study of Australia's wiretapping of Indonesia shows that the practice of wiretapping without adequate oversight can damage diplomatic relations and reduce trust between countries. This research recommends harmonising national regulations with international standards, establishing a comprehensive wiretapping law, and strengthening independent oversight institutions to ensure lawful, proportionate and accountable wiretapping practices, while protecting human rights and maintaining stable international relations.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF JUDICIAL OVERSIGHT OF WIRETAPPING IN THE LAW ENFORCEMENT PROCESS Gunawan Widjaja; Adrian Bima Putra
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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Abstract

Judicial oversight of wiretapping in the law enforcement process is an important aspect to maintain the integrity and credibility of the judiciary. This research aims to analyse the effectiveness of the Judicial Commission (KY) in carrying out its supervisory function through wiretapping actions against judges suspected of violating the code of ethics and conduct. The research method used is normative juridical with a qualitative approach, examining legislation, legal doctrine, and the results of previous research. The results showed that the effectiveness of judicial oversight of wiretapping is still not optimal, mainly due to KY's dependence on other law enforcement officials, the resistance of the Supreme Court, and limited regulations and resources. In addition, overlapping authorities and lack of synergy between institutions also hinder the effective implementation of wiretapping. This research recommends the need to strengthen KY's authority, revise regulations, and increase inter-agency collaboration to strengthen judicial oversight and maintain judicial integrity.
WIRETAPPING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: SURVEILLANCE CHALLENGES TO PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja; Adrian Bima Putra
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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Abstract

The development of digital technology has brought convenience in information exchange, but also increased the risk of wiretapping and violation of personal data in Indonesia. This research aims to examine the challenges of monitoring wiretapping practices in the context of personal data protection in Indonesia through a literature study of relevant regulations, cases, and literature. The results of the study show that regulatory fragmentation, the absence of independent oversight institutions, weak oversight mechanisms, and low public digital literacy are the main obstacles in protecting personal data from the threat of wiretapping. In addition, the rapid development of technology and cross-border jurisdictional issues complicate monitoring efforts. Regulatory harmonisation, the establishment of effective supervisory institutions, and multi-sector collaboration are needed to strengthen personal data protection in the digital era. This research recommends surveillance system reform, public education, and technical capacity building as strategic steps to create a safe and trusted digital ecosystem in Indonesia.
Analisis Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Menjatuhkan Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Perjudian Online Delia Bazlina; Adrian Bima Putra
Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Hukum & Politik Vol 3 No 4 (2025): 2025
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/alz.v3i4.2031

Abstract

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi digital telah mendorong munculnya berbagai bentuk kejahatan siber, salah satunya perjudian online yang memberikan dampak serius bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana perjudian online sebagaimana tercermin dalam Putusan Nomor 94/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Jkt Pst. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan dukungan pendekatan empiris, melalui telaah peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, asas hukum, dan analisis kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara ketentuan hukum yang berlaku dengan praktik pemidanaan, di mana hakim lebih menekankan pertimbangan non-yuridis sehingga vonis yang dijatuhkan jauh lebih ringan daripada ancaman pidana maksimal. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan perlunya konsistensi penerapan hukum, pembaruan regulasi, dan penguatan kapasitas aparat penegak hukum agar putusan pengadilan mampu mencerminkan keadilan substantif serta memberikan efek jera terhadap pelaku kejahatan digital
PENYELESAIAN PERSELISIHAN TANAH MELALUI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA: KHUSUS MEDIASI & ARBITRASE Wagiman; Brian Matheuw; Adrian Bima Putra
BESIRU : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 1 No. 9 (2024): BESIRU : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, September 2024
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/5dy2xa25

Abstract

Pelaksanaan penyelesaian sengketa tanah secara mediasi relatif sudah berjalan melalui Mediasi. Namun untuk forum arbitrase, sampai saat ini masih sebatas wacana dan konsep yang masih memerlukan penelitian terhadap kaidah hukum dan norma-norma yang mengatur terhadap penyelenggaraannya, sehingga apa yang disampaiakan hanya sebatas kajian normatif semata. Secara teori arbitrase, sepanjang materi sengketa itu dikuasai sepenuhnya dan terbuka kesempatan untuk melakukan perdamaian maka hal itu dapat menjadi obyek penyelesaian secara arbitrase tanpa harus membeda-bedakan substansi sengketanya sepanjang masih dalam substansi perjanjian yang mengikat para pihak. Penerapkan Arbitrase dalam sengketa perdata pertanahan akan menghadapi beberapa kendala baik kendala teknis, administrasi, dan yuridis. Untuk Mediasi masih menjadi pilihan hingga saat ini.
MENGENAL MEDIASI SEBAGAI SALAH SATU CARA PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA Siti Nur Azizah; Wagiman; Adrian Bima Putra
Ekasakti Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Ekasakti Jurnal Penelitian & Pegabdian (Mei 2024 - Oktober 2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti

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Abstract

Mediation is increasingly popular. As a result, slowly but surely, people are starting to look at Alternative Dispute Resolution, which basically allows the parties to choose the forums they agree on. The phenomenon of using Alternative mechanisms is strengthening. Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS) is seen as an integral part of the business itself and is considered suitable for the business world because the resolution is fast and cheap. Dispute resolution as mediation has been known since the beginning in Indonesia because the customary system in resolving cases always upholds deliberation and consensus through traditional forums in each region in Indonesia. As time goes by, this is enforced in court (Mediation-Linked Court) as a form of legal justice. However, the mediation process in court must be enforced through the settlement of civil settlements. If mediation as regulated in Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016, if mediation is not carried out, the judgment will be abolished for legal purposes.
HAKIM PERDAMAIAN YANG DIPERANKAN KEPALA DESA DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH DI INDONESIA Marwan Suliandi; Wagiman; Adrian Bima Putra
Ekasakti Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Ekasakti Jurnal Penelitian & Pegabdian (Mei 2024 - Oktober 2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti

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Abstract

Undang-Undang Nomor 6 tahun 2016 tentang Desa telah memfungsikan Kepala Desa (Kades) sebagai Hakim Perdamaian Desa. Ini penting guna menciptakan masyarakat yang aman dan tentram diantara warga desa sesuai dengan apa yang dikehendaki oleh Pemerintah. Sehingga tidak setiap perselisihan yang terjadi diantara warga desa selalu ada dilimpahkan ke Pengadilan, oleh karena perkara atau persengketaan cukup diselesaikan oleh Hakim Perdamaian Desa, terutama terhadap perkara-perkara yang sederhana yang terjadi di masyarakat. Pertanyaan penelitian: (1) Bagaimana tugas, kewenangan, serta hak dan kewajiban Kades sebagai Hakim perdamaian?; (2) Bagaimana jika para pihak yang berselisih tidak menjalankan apa yang telah disepakati atau diputus oleh Kades dalam kapasitas sebagai Hakim perdamaian? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Bahan hukum yang digunakan mengacu pada bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Guna memperkuat digunakan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menujukkan: (a) Salah satu tugas Kades yaitu melakukan pembinaan kemasyarakatan. Dalam melaksanakan tugasnya Kades berwenang untuk membina ketenteraman dan ketertiban masyarakat. Kades berhak mendapatkan pelindungan hukum atas kebijakan yang dilaksanakan. Kades berkewajiban memelihara ketenteraman dan ketertiban masyarakat; dan menyelesaikan perselisihan masyarakat di Desanya; (b) Kades berkewajiban menyelesaikan semua hambatan di Desa. Tidak dilaksanakannya hasil kesepakatn penyelesaian oleh para pihak, konsekuensinya adalah eksekusi oleh pengadilan (perdata) atau penyelesaian kasus di pengadilan formal (pidana). Atas tindakan dan putusannya sebagai Hakim perdamaian, Kades berhak mendapatkan pelindungan hukum. Saran penelitian ini, guna menjamin difungsikannya Hakim Perdamaian Desa dalam sistem Peradilan Desa, dan berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya, maka eksistensi Peradilan Desa dalam praktek agar tidak sering berbenturan dengan sistem peradilan formal negara, maka harus dilakukan pembenahan hukum nasional secara menyeluruh, termasuk peraturan teknis yang menjadi acuan pelaksanaannya.