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Effect of diazepam on kidney function and histological structure of white rat’s kidney Putu Gede Martha Setiawan; Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung; Luthfi Nurhidayat
JURNAL PENELITIAN BIOLOGI BERKALA PENELITIAN HAYATI Vol 22 No 1 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : The East Java Biological Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (811.646 KB) | DOI: 10.23869/68

Abstract

The use of NAPZA (Narcotics, Alcohol, Psychotropic, and other addictive substances) in Indonesia keeps increasing. One type of frequently used NAPZAs is diazepam. Diazepam is a kind of sedative-hypnotics drug which belongs to benzodiazepine. The objective of this study was to determine kidney function by examining the level of urine ureum and creatinine also histological structure in rat after treated with diazepam. Rats were divided into one control group and three diazepam treatment groups which were solvent control (PEG 1%), treatment I (62.25 mg/kg BW), treatment II (83 mg/kg BW), and treatment III (124.5 mg/kg BW) of diazepam. These doses were based on LD50 in human. Rat urine was taken on the D0, D7, D14, D21, and D28. The ureum level was examined by ureumse-GLDH method and the creatinine level was analyzed by Jaffe method. The histological section was made by paraffin method with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining. Results showed that diazepam given to rat for 28 days led the in-crease of urine ureum and creatinine levels compare to control group. Furthermore, histological damages of the kidney also detected including cellular injuries, both reversible and irreversible injuries, congestion, hemorrhage, and glomerular damage. In conclusion, the use of diazepam for 28 days affected kidney function in rat.
Indeks Gonadosomatik dan Struktur Histologis Gonad Ikan Uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus, Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1846) Luthfi Nurhidayat; Febrina Nanda Arfiani; Bambang Retnoaji
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 34, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2017.34.2.456

Abstract

Uceng fish is wild native fish of Indonesia that live in fresh water river. It is very common that people consume the fish for it high protein contain. High demand of fish availability cause the fish exploitation increasing rapidly in nature. The high intensity of fish exploitation, soon will induce declining population of the fish and leading to extinction. Uceng fish cultivation is one alternative to solve the tread. The purpose of this research is to examine the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and gonad histological structure of male and female uceng fish (Nemacheilus fasciatus) on the period of immature and mature. Fish were dissected , weighed and the gonads were measured for gonadosomatic index. Moreover, gonad were fixed in NBF 5% for histological preparation by paraffin method and which than were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin. The result were analyzed for both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis was conducted for gonad histological structure of male and female fish, while quantitative analysis was for Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of fish respectively. The result showed that there were differences on the gonadosomatic index of males and females fish, the histological structure of ovarian follicle and the composition of the spermatogenic cells of immature gonads and mature gonads of the fish respectively. It was conclude that there are differences on Gonadosomatic Index and gonad histological structure on immature and mature of male and female of Uceng fish (N. fasciatus).
Tipe Echolokasi serta Struktur Larynx pada Miniopterus dan Rhinolophus Abdul Rachman; Johanes Sugiyanto; Luthfi Nurhidayat; Ardaning Nuriliani; Aswi A. Rofiqoh; Agus Hermawan; Roesma Narulita
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 31, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2014.31.3.209

Abstract

A bat is the only mamal with true flight ability and have capability to perform echolocation. Miniopterus  and Rhinolopus  are bat species that have some different morphological characteristics but both of them commonly live in the cave. The research were purposed to study the differences and connection of echolocation call type and larynx’s structure of Miniopterus and Rhinolopus  The two bat species were collected from 20th and 23th cave of Japanese Cave Complex, Kaliurang, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Specimens were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. Echolocation signals of both bat species were recorded using ultrasonic microphone and were analyzed with Batscan 9.0 software. Specimens were subjected for anatomical and histological structure analysis of the larynx. Anatomical structure observations were carried out with specimens dissection and they were fixed in 20% formol solution. Some samples of larynx of each species were processed and stained with Alizarin Red’s-Alcian Blue staining for larynx’s bones observation. Histological preparation of larynx was performed using paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and MAF. The results showed that echolocation signals of Minipterus  have lower frequency (peak frequency between 44.1-51.6kHz) compared to that of Rhinolopus  (peak frequency between 54.4-64.1 kHz). However, Miniopterus  has better ability to modulate the signal frequency than Rhinolopus  Both species are able to produce a long-duration signal but Rhinolopus  can produce longer signal duration. These results can be related to the differences of larynx’s anatomical and histological structure of both species which are equally able to keep the intensity of echolocation signals but have different work mechanisms.