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All Journal Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Mohammad Arfin
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Beyond Fever: Atypical Presentations of COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population of West Sumatra, Indonesia Mohammad Arfin
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v1i1.13

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected the adult population, often presenting with classic symptoms such as fever, cough, and shortness of breath. However, atypical presentations, especially in the pediatric population, have posed a significant challenge in timely diagnosis and management. This study aimed to investigate the atypical presentations of COVID-19 in children from West Sumatra, Indonesia, to improve recognition and guide tailored interventions. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed medical records of children (≤ 18 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 at major hospitals in West Sumatra between January 2020 and December 2023. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and outcomes were collected. Atypical presentations were defined as the absence of fever or respiratory symptoms at presentation. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were employed to analyze the data. Results: A total of 452 pediatric COVID-19 cases were identified. 187 (41.4%) presented with atypical symptoms. The most common atypical presentations were gastrointestinal (32.6%), neurological (21.4%), and dermatological (15.5%). Compared to those with typical presentations, children with atypical symptoms were more likely to be younger (p < 0.001), have comorbidities (p = 0.023), and experience delayed diagnosis (p < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that younger age (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) and comorbidities (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05-2.83) were significant predictors of atypical presentations. Conclusion: Atypical presentations of COVID-19 are common in children from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for COVID-19 in children presenting with non-specific symptoms, especially in younger children and those with comorbidities. Early recognition and testing are crucial for prompt management and preventing further transmission.
The Influence of Traditional Indonesian Practices (Jamu) on the Prevention and Management of Common Otorhinolaryngology Complaints: A Mixed-Methods Study Fifia Ardinanti; Brian Edgar Wicaksana; Rizki Ayu; Mohammad Arfin; Abd El Nasser
Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjorl.v3i1.189

Abstract

Introduction: In Indonesia, jamu (traditional herbal medicine) is culturally significant for health maintenance, including managing common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) complaints. This study explored the influence of jamu on the prevention and management of these complaints by examining patient beliefs, usage patterns, perceived outcomes, and associations with conventional healthcare-seeking. Methods: A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was used. A cross-sectional survey of 1200 Indonesian adults assessed demographics, ENT complaint prevalence, jamu use (type, frequency, perceived effectiveness), and healthcare seeking. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 survey participants who regularly used jamu for ENT issues to explore their beliefs and experiences. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results: Survey data showed 68.5% experienced ENT complaints in the past year, with sore throat (42.3%), cough (38.7%), and nasal congestion (31.2%) most common. Among them, 53.2% used jamu, primarily turmeric-based for sore throat and ginger-based for cough and congestion. Regular jamu use was associated with perceived symptom relief (p < 0.001) but also with a higher likelihood of delaying conventional care for persistent symptoms (OR = 1.85). Interviews revealed strong cultural beliefs in jamu's efficacy and safety for mild ENT issues, often used as a first-line treatment due to its natural origin, fewer perceived side effects, and affordability. However, some acknowledged its limitations for severe conditions. Conclusion: Jamu plays a significant role in managing common ENT complaints in Indonesia, driven by strong cultural beliefs and perceived benefits. While users report symptom relief, delayed access to conventional care for serious conditions is a potential concern. Further research is needed to scientifically evaluate specific jamu formulations and develop integrated usage guidelines in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Abd El Nasser Brian Edgar Wicaksana Fifia Ardinanti Rizki Ayu