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All Journal Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal)
Airaoje, Ojemeiri Karl
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Physics Social Sciences Transportation

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Influence and practices of Gender-Based Violence in Dikwa Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria Airaoje, Ojemeiri Karl; Aondover, Perpetua Ogechi; Uchendu, Chinelo Ebele; Obada, Aruaye Afeye; Akin-Odukoya, Omolara Oluwabusayo
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute February
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v8i1.8037

Abstract

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive global issue that transcends cultural, social, and economic boundaries. Rooted in unequal power dynamics, it manifests in various forms, including physical, sexual, psychological, and economic abuse. In conflict-affected regions such as Borno State in Northeastern Nigeria, the prevalence and impact of GBV are particularly alarming. Decades of insurgency and terrorism by groups such as Boko Haram have not only caused widespread displacement but have also exacerbated existing gender inequalities, leading to increased vulnerability of women and girls to various forms of violence. This study examines the prevalence, factors, impacts, and strategies to combat Gender-Based Violence (GBV) in Dikwa Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Theoretically, the Ecological Model was used. Findings reveal that domestic violence (34.1%) is the most common form of GBV, followed by sexual violence (25.4%), human trafficking (24.2%), and harmful traditional practices (16.3%). Key drivers of GBV include forced marriages (54.2%), influenced by religious practices, cultural norms (26.1%), conflict (24.2%), and poverty (22.0%). The study highlights the multifaceted impacts of GBV, including educational disruption (30.7%), physical and mental health issues, family breakdowns, and increased vulnerabilities. Alarmingly, 59.5% of respondents reported a lack of access to essential support services. To address GBV, the study recommends the implementation community-wide educational programs to challenge harmful cultural practices, gender norms, and societal attitudes that perpetuate GBV.
Community Awareness and Government Response to Cholera Outbreaks in Borno State Airaoje, Ojemeiri Karl; Akintayo, Atinuke Olubukade; Adewale, Olugbenga Charles; Obada, Aruaye Afeye
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute May
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v8i2.8058

Abstract

Cholera remains a major public health concern in many developing regions, particularly in areas affected by conflict, displacement, and inadequate sanitation. Borno State, located in Northeastern Nigeria, has experienced recurrent cholera outbreaks due to a combination of factors, including poor access to clean water, overcrowded internally displaced persons (IDP) camps, and fragile healthcare infrastructure. Young adults (18-30 years) and children under 18 account for the majority of cases, with a slight predominance of females (53%) due to increased water-related activities. This study highlights key outbreak drivers, including contaminated water sources, lack of sanitation facilities, and low awareness of cholera prevention measures. Findings indicate that 48.7% of residents rely on untreated well water, 68.4% lack toilet access, and only 23.5% practice regular handwashing, contributing to recurrent outbreaks. In addition, limited vaccination coverage (22%) and knowledge gaps about cholera transmission and symptoms further increase vulnerability to annual cholera outbreaks. To mitigate future outbreaks, the study recommends improving water supply and treatment, enhancing sanitation infrastructure, and promoting hygiene education. Expanding cholera vaccination campaigns and strengthening community health education initiatives are also critical. Government agencies and public health stakeholders must prioritize these interventions to reduce cholera incidence and improve overall public health resilience in Jere LGA.
Factors Influencing Malnutrition among Children under Five in Dikwa: An Analysis of Diet, Health, and Socioeconomic Conditions Airaoje, Ojemeiri Karl; Falobi, Funmi; Uchendu, Chinelo Ebele; Akintayo, Atinuke Olubukade; Obada, Aruaye Afeye
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v7i2.8081

Abstract

Malnutrition is a broad term commonly used to describe deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and nutrients required for proper growth and function. This study investigates the socio-economic, dietary, and environmental determinants of childhood malnutrition in a rural Nigerian community. The findings reveal that malnutrition is most prevalent among children aged 1–2 years (33.1%), coinciding with the critical “first 1,000 days” of development. A higher prevalence among female children (61.5%) suggests potential demographic or sampling influences. The data also show that 69.0% of caregivers engage in farming, with only 7.2% employed in the formal sector, linking income instability and food insecurity to poor nutritional outcomes. Access to healthcare is limited for 60.6% of the population, further compounding the issue. Dietary analysis indicates a heavy reliance on carbohydrate-rich staples (41.5%) and low intake of protein, fruits, and vegetables, raising concerns about micronutrient deficiencies. Educational disparities also emerged, with 46.9% of caregivers lacking formal education, affecting their ability to implement optimal feeding practices. Statistically significant associations were found between meal frequency and child weight status (χ²(2, N = 335) = 264.98, p < .001), maternal education and supplement provision, and access to clean drinking water and malnutrition status. The study recommends that caregivers should focus on the first one thousand days to enable the prioritization nutrition interventions from pregnancy to age two through breastfeeding promotion, timely complementary feeding, and regular growth monitoring.
Co-Authors Adewale, Olugbenga Charles Akin-Odukoya, Omolara Oluwabusayo Akintayo, Atinuke Olubukade Aondover, Perpetua Ogechi Falobi, Funmi Obada, Aruaye Afeye Uchendu, Chinelo Ebele