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Growth Rate and Histamine Production of Klebsiella sp. CK02 Isolated from Skipjack Tuna Compared with Morganella morganii ATCC 25830 at Various Incubation Temperatures Dityanawarman, Aldino; Dewi, Indun Puspita; Ratnawati, Susana Endah; Ekantari, Nurfitri; Tamplin, Mark
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): May 2020
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (611.845 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v15i1.441

Abstract

One of an important quality parameter in tuna is the level of histamine content. The contamination of histamine in tuna is mainly due to the activity of histidine decarboxylase produced by the bacteria. A rapid growth of histamine producing bacteria is correlated with the practice of temperature abuse during handling. This study aimed to develop predictive growth modeling of two histamine-producing bacteria in the function of temperature. The growth and histamine production of Klebsiella sp. CK02 and Morganella morganii ATCC 25830 at various temperatures were measured in tryptic soy broth histidine (TSBH) and tuna fish infusion broth (TFIB) growth media. Broths were incubated at 4°C and 15°C for 7 days, and at 30°C and 40°C for 24 hours. The Baranyi and Roberts model was used with DMFit to determine primary growth kinectics, and the Ratkowsky square root model to describe bacterial growth rate as a function of temperature. Histamine production was enumerated by the apparent yield factor (pYhis/CFU) value. Growth rate increased with temperature, with a maximum rate at 40°C for Klebsiella sp. CK02 (0.740 log CFU/h) and M. morganii (0.578  log CFU/h). The Tmin for Klebsiella sp. CK02 in TFIB was -8.9°C, indicating better survival in low storage temperature, compare to M. morganii ATCC 25830. In addition, Klebsiella sp. CK02 produced a lower pYhis/CFU at 15 and 30°C compared to M. morganii ATCC 25830. 
THE POTENCY OF CHITOSAN AS AN ELICITOR ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Streptomyces sp. GMR-22 AGAINST HISTAMINE-PRODUCING BACTERIA Mohamad Aji Ikhrami; Jaka Widada; Indun Dewi Puspita; Masagus Muhammad Prima Putra
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 9 No 1 (2021): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2021.v09.i01.p01

Abstract

Streptomyces is a Gram-positive bacteria that produces the largest secondary metabolite compounds. The results of whole-genome sequence analysis showed that Streptomyces can carry more than 30 Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGC) encoding secondary metabolites that have the potential to be explored in the exploration for new bioactive compounds. However, not all BGC can be expressed in the laboratory scale and requires a specific activation method. This study aims to explore the potential of chitosan as an elicitor compound to activate and or increase the antibacterial activity of Streptomyces sp. GMR-22 was tested against histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) Morganella morganii TK7 and Citrobacter freundii CK1. Chitosan was added to the fermentation medium with the final concentration of 250, 500, and 750 µg/ml while without the addition of chitosan used as control. Fermentation was carried out for 10 days at room temperature, with constant agitation 200 rpm. The supernatant was separated by centrifugation at 3500 rpm for 15 minutes, then fractionation with ethyl acetate, concentrated by vacuum rotary evaporator, and freeze-dried. The test for antibacterial activity was carried out by the microdilution method with an extract concentration of 100 mg/ml. The test results of the microdilution method showed that the addition of chitosan successfully increases the antibacterial activity with the highest activity shown by the water fraction of 250 µg/ml addition of chitosan which effective in inhibiting the growth of Morganella morganii TK7 and Citrobacter freundii CK1 by 97,29% and 97,92% respectively.
ANTIBACTERIAL POTENCY OF CELL FREE SUPERNATANT PRODUCED BY LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM INDONESIAN FERMENTED FISH PRODUCTS AGAINST HISTAMINE-PRODUCING BACTERIA Masagus Muhammad Prima Putra; Muhammad Yaafi Al-Hammam; Giffarri Ahsan; Klara Kharisma Bunga Chandra; Indun Dewi Puspita
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 18, No 1 (2022): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijfst.18.1.13-18

Abstract

The toxicity caused by high histamine content produced by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) during the fermentation of scombridae fish group based fermented fish products is still a problem that requires a solution. This study aims to explore the potential of secondary metabolites in the form of cell free supernatant (CFS) produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as antibacterial agents against HPB. The LAB was isolated from the fermented fishery products named bekasan, cincalok and fish sauce using MRS-Agar and fermented on MRS-broth for 48 hours. CFS was collected by centrifugation at 15,000 x g for 15 minutes, followed by heating at 100oC for 3 minutes and pH neutralization with 0.1N NaOH. Antimicrobial activity of CFS then tested on HFB namely Morganella morganii TK7, Citrobacter freundii CK1, and Klebsiella sp. CK13.2 (collection of the Laboratory of Fisheries Product Quality and Safety, Department of Fisheries UGM) using the macrodilution method. Isolation of LAB from all three products successfully isolated 34 isolates. The results of the antibacterial activity showed that 4 isolates namely GMCN 1.12, GMBK 2.6, GMBK 2.7, dan GMKI 2.1 were able to inhibit HFB growth more than 70%. The highest activity was shown by GMBK 2.7 which inhibits 98% against Morganella morganii TK7, 99% against Citrobacter freundii CK1, and 84% against Klebsiella sp. CK13.2. The antimicrobial activity was reduced after proteolytic enzymes were added suggesting that the bioactive compound came from peptide-based substances like bacteriocin.
ANALISIS ZAT GIZI MAKRO, GIZI MIKRO, DAN ORGANOLEPTIK MAKANAN TABUR BERBASIS TUNA DAN LABU SIAM UNTUK TERAPI DIET PREDIABETES Toto Sudargo; Atika Anif Prameswari; Bianda Aulia; Tira Aristasari; Alim Isnansetyo; Indun Dewi Puspita; Siti Ari Budiyanti; Sheila Rosmala Putri; Khusnul Alfionita
Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia Vol 12 No 1 (2020): Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia Edisi Desember 2020
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mgmi.v12i1.3979

Abstract

Latar Belakang. Pengaturan diet bagi pasien prediabetes merupakan salah satu pencegahan kejadian penyakit diabetes melitus secara dini. Labu siam dan ikan tuna merupakan bahan pangan lokal yang mengandung banyak senyawa di mana mampu menanggulangi masalah diabetes sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan tabur fungsional. Pengembangan makanan berbasis tuna dan labu siam perlu diperhatikan karena dapat merubah kandungan zat gizi makro maupun mikro dan sifat organoleptiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis zat gizi mikro, makro, dan organoleptik makanan tabur berbasis Tuna dan labu siam untuk terapi diet prediabetes. Metode. Penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) menggunakan 3 formula makanan tabur Chaguro yaitu, F1 (ikan tuna 60% dan labu siam 40%), F2 (ikan tuna 50% dan labu siam 50%), dan F3 (ikan tuna 40% dan labu siam 60%). Penelitian ini juga menganalisis kandungan kadar air dan uji mikroba. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Kruskall Wallis dan uji Post-Hoc Mann Whitney untuk melihat perbedaan tingkat kesukaan dari tiap formula makanan tabur. Hasil. Hasil uji kadar air pada ikan tuna didapatkan pengeringan ikan tuna selama 10 jam dengan suhu 55°C dan 65°C menghasilkan kadar air yang memenuhi syarat <7 persen yaitu 5,85±0,15% dan 5,96±0,00%, berturut-turut. Pada uji kandungan gizi, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar serat kasar, dan Zn dalam 100 g formula Chaguro F1 masih dalam batas aman untuk dikonsumsi. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik, parameter kenampakan, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa ikan paling kuat adalah Formula F1. Hasil angka lempeng total (ALT) untuk makanan tabur Chaguro yaitu sebesar 5,5 x 103 CFU/gr. Uji mikroba Salmonella sp. dan Escherichia coli pada makanan tabur Chaguro dinyatakan negatif. Kesimpulan. Formula F1 (ikan tuna 60% dan labu siam 40%) merupakan formula yang paling kuat dan memilki sifat dominan ikan dibandingkan dengan formula lain dan sudah memenuhi syarat SNI Abon 01-3707-1995 dari segi kandungan gizi, kecuali kadar air dan ALT.
ANALISIS SENSORIS DAN UMUR SIMPAN MAKANAN SELINGAN PREDIABETES BERBASIS TUNA (Thunnus sp.) DAN LABU SIAM (Sechium edule) Toto Sudargo; Atika Anif Prameswari; Bianda Aulia; Tira Aristasari; Khusnul Alfionita; Rahadyana Muslichah; Alim Isnansetyo; Indun Dewi Puspita; Siti Ari Budhiyanti; Sheila Rosmala Putri
Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2021): Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia Edisi Juni 2021
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mgmi.v12i2.4952

Abstract

Latar Belakang. Uji sensoris dan uji umur simpan pada pengembangan produk pangan diperlukan agar produk yang dihasilkan dapat diterima dan aman bagi konsumen. Individu yang mengalami prediabetes memiliki kesempatan untuk mencegah atau menunda perkembangan terjadinya diabetes melitus (DM) jika dapat memperbaiki pola hidupnya. Makanan selingan adalah bagian penting dalam manajemen pola makan penyandang prediabetes sehingga jumlah dan jenis bahan makanannya perlu dipertimbangkan. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan sifat organoleptik dan umur simpan suatu produk makanan selingan untuk penyandang prediabetes. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap untuk menguji karakteristik sensoris empat formula rasa pada produk makanan selingan prediabetes. Uji pendugaan umur simpan dengan Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) Arrhenius melalui pendekatan nilai angka thiobarbituric acid (TBA) dilakukan pada produk yang belum diberi rasa. Produk disimpan pada suhu 4°C, 27°C, dan 45°C. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Kruskall Wallis dilanjutkan uji Post-Hoc Mann Whitney. Hasil. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar formula pada parameter warna dan aroma sampel, tetapi terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada parameter rasa, tekstur, dan nilai keseluruhan (p<0,05). Hasil analisis uji pendugaan umur simpan menunjukkan bahwa persamaan regresi pada orde 1 dapat digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk memprediksi umur simpan makanan selingan untuk prediabetes. Kesimpulan. Makanan selingan prediabetes yang paling disukai untuk parameter warna, aroma, rasa, dan penilaian keseluruhan adalah formula F3 (bumbu bubuk bawang dan garam), sedangkan formula F2 (bumbu bubuk bawang) adalah yang paling disukai untuk parameter tekstur. Prediksi umur simpan makanan selingan untuk prediabetes pada suhu ruang/normal 30°C adalah 80,97 hari atau sama dengan 2,69 bulan.
Bioformation of N-Acetylglucosamine from Shrimp Shell Chitin by Serratia marcescens PT-6 Cultured in various pH and Temperature Bekti Wulan Sari; Nurul Binti Isnaini; Indun Dewi Puspita; Amir Husni; Ustadi Ustadi
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 19, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfs.25961

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the effect of pH and temperature on N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG) formation from shrimp shell chitin by Serratia marcescens PT-6 fermented in chitin broth medium. Parameters examined on NAG formation include bacteria growth, chitinase activity (U/ml), and NAG concentration in medium (mg/ ml). Bacteria growth was measured by turbidity (OD600), while chitinase activity and NAG concentration in the medium were analyzed quantitatively by colorimetric assay. The variation of initial pH examined in chitin broth medium was 5; 6; 7; 8, while temperature variation was 30°C; 37°C; dan 40°C. The results show that maximum concentration of NAG formed by Serratia marcescens PT-6 was 33.86 µg/ml on day-3 of fermentation, at pH 7 and temperature of 30°C. Chitinase activity on the same day was 0.002 U/ml, while OD600 value of the culture was 0.42 indicating the bacteria were in the log phase. This research implies that Serratia marcescens PT-6 is potential to be optimized further for the bioconversion process of NAG from shrimp shell waste through an enzymatic method by modifying its culture condition.
Wind-Driven Coastal Upwelling in the Southern Coast of Yogyakarta Faizal Rachman; Ratih Ida Adharini; Riza Yuliratno Setiawan; Indun Dewi Puspita; Endy Triyannanto
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1389.377 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jfs.29252

Abstract

Satellite measurement provides synoptic view of sea surface wind and can be used to study variability of coastal upwelling. Here we analyzed data of 12 years of satellite-derived sea surface wind, sea surface temperature (SST), and sea surface chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) to examine the spatial and temporal distributions of coastal upwelling off the Yogyakarta waters. Results show that upwelling occurs during the Southeast Monsoon (SEM) season. During this season, the Yogyakarta waters are dominated by strong wind speed (~7 m/s) and SST cooling (25 °C). Whereas during the Northwest Monsoon (NWM) season the low wind speed (<4 m/s) no longer favor upwelling and SST cooling. We suggest that as the Yogyakarta coastline is oriented east-west, northwesterly winds result in downwelling condition at the coast, while southeasterly winds lead to the offshore Ekman transport of surface water and subsequent upwelling.
Optimization of chitinase production from bacillus cereus smg 1.1 using response surface methodology Adnan Widodo; Indun Dewi Puspita; Ustadi Ustadi
Jurnal Teknosains Vol 12, No 1 (2022): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.72606

Abstract

Shrimp shell waste are potential to be processed further into value-added products, such as N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In the production of GlcNAc, biological approach is preferred and environmentally friendly to chemical treatment. Chitinase is an enzyme that plays a vital role in bioprocessing of shrimp shell waste into GlcNAc. Previously, Bacillus cereus SMG 1.1 was isolated from fermented shrimp paste (terasi) and showed the ability to produce chitinase. This study was designed to determine the optimum medium for the production of chitinase from B. cereus SMG 1.1 through the Response Surface Method (RSM) using a factorial design with 15 treatments. The optimization of the media was carried out by determining the factors that influence the production of chitinase through the Plackett-Burman design followed by optimization of the concentration of the media through the Box-Behnken design. The test was designed to assess the effect of the independent variables on chitinase activity. Placket Burman analysis shows that colloidal chitin, fructose, and MgSO4.5H2O were the significant components in the medium affecting the production of chitinase by B. cereus SMG 1.1. Box-Behnken analysis developed a linear model capable of predicting the response. The highest response value was achieved at a concentration of 0.75% fructose, 1.5% colloidal chitin, and 0.075% MgSO4.5H2O resulted in optimum chitinase activity of 0.0016 U/ml.
Bioproduction of Chitin Hydrolysate Containing N-Acetylglucosamine by Serratia marcescens PT6 Crude Chitinase and Its Effects on Bacterial Growth Inhibition in Various Temperature Indun Dewi Puspita; Susana Endah Ratnawati; Hendri Setiawan; Murwantoko Murwantoko; Ustadi Ustadi; David Ratkowsky; Mark Tamplin
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 23, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.69794

Abstract

N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), a chitin monomer, can be used as a natural preservative to ensure food quality and safety. Combining natural preservatives with low storage temperature offers physical hurdles to bacterial growth in food. This study aimed to produce chitin hydrolysate containing GlcNAc using Serratia marcescens PT6 crude chitinase and investigate its effect on bacterial growth rate as a function of temperature. Crude chitinase from partial purification was used to hydrolyze 1.3% colloidal chitin. The optimal enzymatic conditions were pH 6 and 45˚C for 120 min, at an enzyme:substrate ratio of 1:1, yielding a 65.6 µg/mL GlcNAc. Inhibitory activity of hydrolysate containing 2.5-7.5 ppm GlcNAc on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was measured at 4, 15, and 30oC in nutrient broth. Bacterial growth was measured using of optical density for each combination of GlcNAc concentration and temperature. Growth curves fitted by the Baranyi and Roberts model were developed using DMFit software. The growth rate was converted to the square root and then modeled as a function of temperature using the Ratkowsky square root model. Incubation temperature exerted a pronounced effect on the inhibition of all bacterial species (P<0.0001), with the greatest effect observed for E. coli at 30°C (P<0.0001), and the least effect for V. parahaemolyticus (P=0.0878). The inhibitory effect of GlcNAc in chitin hydrolysate was only significant for E. coli (P<0.0001) and S. aureus (P=0.0041). This study revealed that the effect of temperature in growth inhibition was more significant than GlcNAc addition. However, a reduction in bacterial growth with the addition of GlcNAc at 30°C was observed, which may be effective for food encountered thermal abuse conditions. Further investigation of the effect of GlcNAc on bacteria structure and metabolism is required to elucidate the mechanism of GlcNAc as a food preservative.
Optimization of Medium Composition for Streptomyces sp. PB2 Chitinase Production using Response Surface Methodology Anandita Perwita Kurniawan; Indun Dewi Puspita; Amir Husni
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v14i1.27602

Abstract

Highlight ResearchThe chitinase production by Streptomyces sp. PB2 was studiedThe critical medium component for chitinase production were identifiedThe optimum medium composition for chitinase production was obtainedMedium optimization improved chitinase production by 6-fold increase in activityAbstractChitin is a polysaccharide compound composed of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG), which is linked by β-1,4-glycoside bonds. In producing NAG from chitin, enzymatic method using chitinase offer advantages compared to chemical degradation. Streptomyces sp. PB2 is a good candidate of chitinase producer which was previously isolated from shrimp pond sediment. However, optimization of chitinase production by Streptomyces sp. PB2 is required for large-scale production of this enzyme. This study aimed to find the optimal medium composition to increase the chitinase enzyme activity of Streptomyces sp. PB2 using the Response Surface Method. Initial screening was done to determine additional carbon and nitrogen sources in colloidal chitin broth suitable for increasing chitinase activity. Optimization of the medium composition was conducted using the Plackett-Burman design to determine the critical components in the colloidal chitin broth medium and continued by Box-Behnken model to optimize the concentration of the medium components. Chitinase activity was obtained by measuring the amount of reducing sugar (NAG) released from enzymatic reaction using DMAB reagent by means of spectrophotometer. The medium components showing high contribution in increasing chitinase activity were K2HPO4, colloidal chitin and peptone, with the confidence level value of 0.66, 0.48, and 0.38, respectively. The Box-Behnken model analysis shows that the combination of K2HPO4 0.007 g/ml, colloidal chitin 1.5 g/ml and peptone 1.5 g/ml in colloidal chitin broth are the optimal medium for Streptomyces sp. PB2, resulted in chitinase activity of 0.0125 U/ml. The increase of 6-fold in chitinase activity was achieved in this study.