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Challenging Gender Binaries in A ‘Journey to Honor’: A Feminist Critique of Performativity in Mulan (2020) Movie Kusen, Felicia Jessica; Noah, Abimanyu; Setiawan, Steven Febryan; Silaen, Gwyneth Lillian
Jurnal Pendidikan Makarios Vol 2 No 1 (2024): BOANERGES
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh Makarios

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This study examines the portrayal of gender roles of the characters and the social expectations in ‘Mulan,’ (2020) the live-action movie, using the feminist theory of gender performativity by Butler, J. (1990). The research focuses on how Mulan’s character challenges traditional gender roles in Chinese society, the significance of "chi" as a metaphor for inner strength and its gendered portrayal, and the societal consequences of defying gender expectations. By applying a qualitative approach, the study explores key aspects such as female stereotypes, empowerment, and cultural symbols within the movie, while connecting them to feminist theory. The research reveals that 1) Mulan’s character actively subverts the gender binary of masculinity versus femininity by assuming roles traditionally reserved for men, thereby challenging stereotypes about female weakness. 2) The metaphor of "chi" is analyzed as a representation of inner strength, with Mulan’s mastery of it breaking gendered associations of power with masculinity. 3) The movie highlights the societal risks women face when defying gender norms, as well as the rewards of embracing individuality and agency. The movie offers a nuanced depiction of gender roles, blending Confucian values with feminist ideals. Mulan’s journey not only represents female empowerment but also blurs the lines between traditional masculine and feminine traits, ultimately questioning the fixedness of gender identity. This study aims to contribute to feminist discussions in literary analysis through movies as media and offer insight into how globalized interpretations of cultural narratives can reflect evolving perspectives on gender equality.
Spectacle, Oppression, and Resistance: Class Struggle in Gladiator II through Marxist Criticism Kusen, Felicia Jessica; Tatemba, Filmorevo Jesse Lincoln; Lie, Jesslyn Quaneisha; Martin, Dominic Thomas; Tambunan, Aubrey Jemima; Sabuin, Kezia Jade Meizie
Jurnal Pendidikan Makarios Vol 3 No 1 (2025): BOANERGES
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh Makarios

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This article examines Gladiator II (2024) through the lens of Karl Marx’s theory of class struggle. Using textual and thematic analysis, the study explores how the film portrays structural inequality, labor exploitation, and the emergence of resistance within ancient Roman society. The findings indicate three key results: 1) the depiction of slavery and gladiatorial combat embodies Marx’s concept of commodification of labor, revealing the economic foundations of Roman spectacle. 2), the transformation of Lucius Verus illustrates the development of class consciousness, shifting from individual survival to collective solidarity. 3), the film’s portrayal of Rome’s decline demonstrates historical materialism, showing how contradictions in production and power relations lead to social revolution. These insights position Gladiator II not merely as entertainment but as a cultural text that critiques systemic oppression and mirrors contemporary issues such as inequality, corruption, and political dominance. By employing Marxist criticism, the study affirms the relevance of class struggle as both a historical and modern narrative.
THE MISSING AGES IN “KUNG FU PANDA 3” MOVIE: A PSYCHOANALYTIC LITERARY CRITICISM Kusen, Felicia Jessica; Silaen, Gwyneth Lillian; Aripin, Aileen Regina
Jurnal Pendidikan Makarios Vol 1 No 1 (2023): BOANERGES
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh Makarios

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This study aims at showing the connection between Po’s past experiences and his present manifestations. This analysis intends to show the significance of the affection and primal parenting of both parents. A qualitative approach was employed to elucidate and evaluate the psychological concern depicted in this film. Given the narrative's visual medium, the utilization of cinematography in terms of camerawork served to articulate the storyline, environments, and characters. Additionally, the analytical framework of Sigmund Freud's "psychoanalysis" was adopted as the methodology for this examination, aiming to ascertain the sources of Po's anxiety as they relate to the phases of Freud's psychosexual development. As a result: 1) Po experiences anxiety due to the insufficient fulfillment of his 'id' during the oral stage, resulting in challenges in regulating his eating behavior, displaying pessimism, dependence, and heightened vulnerability to rejection. 2) The lack of parenting at the anal stage makes him manifest a lack of self-control, disorganized, messy and careless behaviors. 3) Po ultimately succeeds in building up his self-assurance.
Neocolonialism in Black Panther “Wakanda forever” Movie Kusen, Felicia Jessica; Saputra, Felicia Celine; Tambunan, Aubrey Jemima; Silaen, Gwyneth Lillian; Patricia, Catherine
Jurnal Pendidikan Makarios Vol 1 No 1 (2023): BOANERGES
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh Makarios

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This study aims to show Neocolonialism in the movie "Black Panther: Wakanda Forever," employing the analytical framework of Marxism by Karl Marx and complemented by Foucault's theory of Power. The analysis unveils the disapproval of neocolonialism from Karl Marx's perspective through an in-depth exploration of the movie. The visual composition of the cinematography is conveyed along with the analysis of the movie. Embracing the Marxist approach, this study investigates the neocolonialism caused by external powers’ interest in the movie that has divided people even between social classes: Underwater Kingdom vs Wakanda. Three primary outcomes of neocolonialism emerge: 1) Resource Exploitation and Expansion (Namor): Namor, as the king of Sea peoples, represents the pursuit of expanding a powerful and resource-rich kingdom's interests. His actions could mirror neocolonial tendencies by seeking to control and exploit resources beyond his own nation's borders by any means: coercive, persuasive, or by force, mirroring neocolonizers. 2) Technological Protection and Resistance (Shuri): Shuri embodies the spirit of resistance against neocolonialism through her efforts to safeguard Wakanda's advanced technology. Her actions reflect a determination to prevent the appropriation of Wakanda's innovations by external forces, thereby preserving the nation's sovereignty and preventing technological exploitation. 3) Liberation and Ideological Influence (Erik Killmonger): While not physically present, Killmonger's legacy influences the resistance perspective. His radical ideals of liberating oppressed communities using Wakanda's resources align with resistance's goals, highlighting the potential outcome of neocolonialism where powerful nations may manipulate resources to advance their ideological interests.